Ama-Strawberries

Imithetho yokutshala nokunakekela ama-strawberries "Usayizi waseRussia"

Noma ubani onendawo yakhe siqu ngokuvamile usibheka njengesinqumo esifanele sokutshala ama-strawberries kuso. Amajikijolo abomvu abomvu athandwa ngokulinganayo yizingane zombili kanye nabantu abadala, futhi "ubukhulu baseRussia" bubhekwa njengendlela ethandwa kakhulu yi-strawberry ezitshalweni ezifuywayo ezikhiqiza izitshalo, ngokuba yi-hybrid egcwele izithelo zika-sitrobheli. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziheha izakhamuzi zasehlobo zesikhathi eside kakhulu se-fruiting, esima ngo-Okthoba kuphela, ngokunciphisa izinga lokushisa emoyeni ebusuku.

Kubalulekile! Izakhamuzi zeluleka ukudla ama-strawberry ngaphandle kwesidlo esikhulu. Iqiniso liwukuthi le berry elihlwabusayo lidala ukuvuthwa esiswini, okuthinta kabi umsebenzi wesimiso sokugaya umzimba futhi kungase kubangele ukubola kwamathumbu nokuvimbela.

Humushela incazelo emuva ku-isiNgisi Humusha Incazelo strawberry varieties "Russian size"

Uma uzokutshala ama-strawberries we-"usayizi waseRussia" ezihlukahlukene esihlokweni sakho segadi, khona-ke, kufanele ufunde incazelo yayo eningiliziwe. Okokuqala, kufanelekile ukwazi ukuthi isivuno se-strawberries "usayizi waseRussia" sibangela ukuhlonishwa kwangempela ngisho naphakathi kwabagadi bezithelo: ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamanzi ahlobisa amajikijolo, amakhulu, afinyelela ku-5 kuya ku-8 amasentimitha ngobukhulu bejikijolo. Ngendlela, isisindo se-strawberry berry eyodwa "Usayizi waseRussia", ngokuya kuzo zonke izidingo ze-agrotechnical, ingafinyelela cishe ku-50 g.

Uyazi? I-Strawberry iyi-anti-depressant enamandla kakhulu. Le berry iqukethe inani elimangalisayo lamavithamini eqembu B, elenza ukusetshenziswa kwalo kubaluleke kakhulu kulabo abahluphekayo ngenxa yokwanda komzwelo nokukhathazeka. Ukuphuza amagremu angu-150 kuphela amajikijolo anjalo ngosuku kuzosiza ukugcina imizwelo emibi ngaphansi kokulawula.
Ngaphezu kwanoma yini enye, amajikijolo alezi zinhlobonhlobo ane inyama enomsoco namnandi kakhulu, futhi ukunambitheka kwabo kukhunjulwa yi-gourmet yangempela. Okumangalisa ukuthi lezi zihlukahlukene, ngokungafani nazo zonke ezinye, cishe azibange zenze ukusabela okweqile, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwayo ngisho nezingane ezincane kanye nezifo.

Garden strawberries "usayizi waseRussia" wanqoba izinhliziyo zabalimi abanomkhiqizo ophezulu, ngoba uma unikeza izihlahla ngezimo ezikhululekile zokukhula nokuthuthukiswa, khona-ke ngesitshalo esisodwa ungakwazi ukuqoqa ngaphezu kwama-0.5 kilogram amajikijolo anamnandi ahlanzekile.

Indlela yokukhetha izithelo zezitshalo zebhanki lapho uthenga

Lapho uthenga izithombo zezitshalo ze-sitrobheli "usayizi waseRussia", kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha izitshalo ezinempilo. Ama-Brown, abomvu, amachashazi amnyama namachashaza emaqabunga ehlathini abonisa ukuthi banegciwane lesandulela ngculazi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukugwema ukutholakala okunjalo. Uma amahlumela afaka amaqabunga ashaqisayo, khona-ke lokhu kungaba isibonakaliso se-necrosis sekwephuzile sezinkondo. Lokhu kuhlotshaniswa okubhekiselwe ekubhekaneni nokubhekisisa kubhekisela kokuhlukanisa futhi uma uthengela izinto zokutshala ezithathelwanayo, khona-ke izithombo zingase zife. Uma emadlelweni uthola amaqabunga amancane atshabalalayo, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esiqinisekisayo sokutheleleka nge-mite yobumba. Lezi zinambuzane zizonciphisa kakhulu amandla okuguquguquka nokukhiqiza kwezitshalo.

Uyazi? Strawberry - imvelo "i-Viagra". Equkethwe imbewu ye amajikijolo zinc kusiza ukwandisa isifiso sobulili kokubili amadoda nabesifazane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwandisa amathuba okukhulelwa kwengane cishe ngama-25%.
Izithombo eziphezulu ze-strawberry ezihlukahlukene zaseRussia zinezi:

  • umbala ohlaza obumnyama wamaqabunga;
  • ubukhulu bezimpondo kusuka kumamitha ayi-0.7 kuya ku-0.8;
  • uhlelo lwempande (ubude bezimpande akufanele kube ngaphansi kwamamentimitha angu-7-8);
  • ukubukeka okunempilo;
  • imanzi, hhayi izimpande ezomile.
Khumbula ukuthi ubukhulu besikhathi sokuvuna sesikhathi esizayo buxhomeke kwikhwalithi yezithombo ezitholakale, ngakho-ke ukukhetha kokutshala impahla kumele kuphathwe ngendlela ephathekayo ngangokunokwenzeka.

Lapho ukutshala izithombo ze-strawberries engadini esiqhingini

Ukuze i-Russian Size strawberry ijabule ngesivuno sayo esivulekile futhi ukulima kwayo yenziwa ngaphandle kwesigameko, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izitshalo ezingcono kakhulu nezamakhompiyutha zivela ezihlahleni ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ngasekuqaleni kwehlobo, ngoba phakathi nalesi sikhathi izinga lokushisa aliphakeme kakhulu futhi umswakama ukhona kunokwanele. Ngokusekelwe kwezidingo ze-sitrobheli ezihlabayo, singaphetha ngokuthi isikhathi esifanele kakhulu sokufakelwa kwawo emhlabathini kungesikhathi esiqala ngo-Ephreli 15 no-Meyi 5 noma kusukela ngoJulayi 25 kuya ku-Septemba 5. Ezindaweni eziseningizimu, ukuhlwanyelwa kwezihlahla ngesikhathi sehlobo kusenziwa ekuqaleni kukaMashi, futhi kuphelile - ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba. Yiqiniso, u-Agasti kubhekwa njengesikhathi esingcono sokutshala izihlahla emhlabathini.

Lesi yisikhathi esihle kunazo zonke ngezizathu eziningi:

  • ngalesi sikhathi eziningi zokutshala izinto;
  • isimo sezulu esihle se-rooting yamahlumela esheshayo;
  • izitshalo zinesikhathi esanele sokuqina.

Ukukhetha indawo yokutshala ama-strawberry

Ama-strawberry amahlumela amnandi kakhulu, okusho ukuthi ekutshaleni kwabo kufanele bakhethe izindawo ezikhanyisiwe lapho u-anyanisi, izithelo, izimpande zezitshalo noma i-garlic esetshenziselwa ukukhula.

Kubalulekile! Isici esibalulekile esithinta usayizi we-strawberry fruiting yi-acidity yenhlabathi. Uma inhlabathi e-acidic ikhona esakhiweni sakho, bese udala izimo ezifanele zokutshala ama-strawberries, kunconywa ukuthi uyisuse. Ngalesi sizathu, umlotha noma umlotha usetshenziswa.
Okufanelekile, umbhede wokutshala ama-strawberries wanyulwa kusengaphambili: entwasahlobo itshalwe ngomquba ohlaza, oguqulwa ngo-Agasti, bese uphathwa ngesisombululo sama-EM amalungiselelo. Umquba ohlaza okwenziwe ama-strawberries yi-lupine. Kubaluleke kakhulu ngaphambi kokutshala ama-sitrobheli ezihlahleni kusayithi ukuwuhlanza emhlathini bese ulungisa kahle umhlaba. Qaphela: ama-strawberries ayamahloni kakhulu, ngakho lapho ulungiselela imibhede uzodinga umquba, umlotha, i-biohumus nomquba. Ngokuba izithombo zilungiselela izimbobo ezijulile nezibanzi. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezimbobo akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-30 noma ngaphezulu kwamamitha angu-50, futhi phakathi kwemigqa kufanele lilingane namasentimitha angu-40.

Ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo, ingxube yomsoco ingeziwe emthonjeni ngamunye, ukulungiselela ibhakede elilodwa lomquba, ibhakede elilodwa lomquba, ibhakede lomhlaba nezigesi ezimbili zomlotha zixutshwe. Ephakathi nendawo ngayinye, isilonda esincane senziwe kusukela e-substrate elungiselelwe, lapho kutholakala khona izithombo.

Ukutshala izithombo ze-strawberry "usayizi waseRussia" kusayithi

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-strawberry "usayizi waseRussia" ongenakuzithoba, kodwa ukutshala amahlathi amancane kwakuphumelele kakhulu, kufanele wenze ukukhwabanisa ngosuku olumnyama noma kusihlwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze izihlahla zihlale ngokushesha, ngaphambi kokuzifakelwa, kudingeka ukuba ziwaphuze kahle, noma zifake izithombo ngaphambi kokutshala phansi emanzini amahora ambalwa emanzini ngokufaka i-biostimulator. Futhi, abanye abalimi bezitshalo ngaphambi kokutshala ama-sitrobheli ezihlahleni emhlabathini bayelulekwa ukuba bawafake emanzini e-garlic okwenziwe ngesilinganiso samamitha ayizigidi eziyi-150 we-garlic ukumnika ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi - i-garlic engafanelekiyo iphunga izosabisa izinambuzane.

Uyazi? Ukudla ama-strawberries kuvame ukukusindisa kusuka ekhanda futhi kunganciphisa izinga lokushisa komzimba. Into yukuthi amajikijolo aqukethe izinto ezifanayo ezinqumeni zabo zamakhemikhali kuya ku-aspirin.
Ngaphambi kokutshala izitshalo emhlabathini, hlola ngokucophelela izihlahla: kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi ngamunye wabo unama-3 noma amaqabunga amane anempilo, kanti konke okumele kususwe ngokushesha. Uma izimpande zezitshalo ubude zifinyelela ezingaphezu kuka-10 amasentimitha, kumele zinqunywe. Manje sibeka isihlahla ngasinye emagqumeni enkabeni yomgodi ngendlela yokuthi inhliziyo (indawo yokukhula ehlathini) ishaya phansi kombhede, futhi izimpande zesitshalo zihlelwe kahle emagqumeni. Ukubamba iqhwa le-shrub, lifafaze nge-substrate elilungiselelwe futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo uthele amanzi kuwo. Lokhu kuzothuthukisa ukuxhumana kwezimpande ngomhlabathi futhi kushesha ukubunjwa kwe-cornea. Uma uhlwanyela amahlathi, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo yokukhula ayihlanganisiwe ngokujulile, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ayikhuphuki kakhulu ngaphezu kombhede.

Izici zezitshalo ezikhulayo ze-strawberry "usayizi waseRussia"

Ukunakekela ama-strawberries "Usayizi waseRussia" awuthathi isikhathi esiningi nomzamo wakho. Ukuze uthole induduzo enkulu yezihlahla ezihlwanyelwe entwasahlobo, kuzodingeka ukuthi ususe ngokuhlelekile ama-stalks nezimbali. Ukuqedwa kwalezi zakhi kuzovumela isitshalo ukuba liqondise yonke impi ukuze iqothule, hhayi ekubunjweni kwezithelo nokukhiqiza.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzodingeka uqinisekise ukuthi izitshalo zithola umswakama okwanele futhi zondla, zihlome ukhula ngendlela ehlelekile futhi zikhulule njalo inhlabathi, futhi zivikele izihlahla ezifweni nezilokazane.

Ukuphalaza ngokumelene nezifo nezinambuzane

Ukuze uvikele ama-strawberry avela emikhawulweni nasezifo (izindawo ezinombala ezimhlophe nezimhlophe, kanye ne-powdery isikhutha) lapho kuqala izinsuku zasentshonalanga zokufudumala, wonke amaqabunga abathintekile nabomile abomile kufanele asuswe ezitshalweni.

Ukupomfa kokuqala kwenziwa lapho kutholakala khona izinambuzane kanye nezilonda zezihlahla eziphuzi, i-powdery isikhutha kanye ne-spotting ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga amasha akhule, besebenzisa ingxube ye-3% ye-Bordeaux ingxube. Uma lezi zitshalo zibonisa izimpawu zokutheleleka ngebala elimnyama noma elimhlophe, khona-ke esigabeni sokukhula kwemihlaza zifakwe nge-Euparen. Phakathi nesikhathi sokwakheka okujulile kwamafihledi, izitshalo ziphathwa ngokumelene ne-pyrexia, i-Galitsa, kanye nezinye izinambuzane ezinambuzane ngokusebenzisa i-Actellic ngesilinganiso esingu-15-20 ml sokulungiselela ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Ekwindla, emva kokuvuna, kunconywa ukuthi basebenze ama-strawberries nge-Topaz, Switchem noma e-Euparine, ukunciphisa ukuqoqwa kwezifo, nangaphambi kokuphazamiseka kwezidakamizwa nezinambuzane, i-Actellic yezidakamizwa.

Ukuvama nokuningi kokunisela

Ukuvama kwamanzi ama-strawberries kuncike ezimweni zesimo sezulu futhi kunqunywa ukumelela kwenhlabathi. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokwenza le nqubo ekuqaleni ekuseni. Kuze kuvele izimbali, izihlahla zinganisela. Ukuphuza okunjalo kufana nemvula futhi kuhlanza kahle uthuli oluthulwe phakathi nosuku oluvela emaqabunga. Uma kushisa kakhulu, izitshalo kufanele ziphuze kanye ngesonto, futhi amalitha angu-10 kuya ku-25 amanzi kumele athululelwe kumitha eyodwa yesikwele. Ngemuva kokuvela kwesithelo ezihlahleni kunciphisa ukuchelela. Ngokuba ama-strawberries okunisela asetshenziswa kuphela ngamanzi afudumele, izinga lokushisa okungelona liphansi kune-20 ° C. Ukuphuza ama-strawberries ngamanzi abandayo kungabangela ukungcoliswa kwesitshalo nge-powdery isikhutha noma isikhunta esijulile, okuzoholela ekufeni kwesitshalo sonke.

Ukususwa kokhula kanye nenhlabathi iyanciphisa

Ukulawulwa kokhula kuqala ukuholela ekutshalweni kwezithombo emhlabathini. Kodwa ukuze uvimbele ukwanda kombhede ngokhula, okususa umswakama nezinto eziwusizo ezifuyweni zakho, kuyadingeka ukuba usebenze weeding kulo lonke isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo nangemva kokuvuna. Ukukhulula imibhede kwenziwa kanye nezinsuku eziyisishiyagalombili. Ukujula kokukhipha kufanele kube ngu-10 cm, kanti uma ukhula ususwa, kunconywa ukuthi kungavunyelwe ukuvuna kuphela, kodwa ukukhipha emhlabathini kanye nesistimu yezimpande, ukuyiqoqa ebhakedeni bese uyiphatha engadini.

Top dressing sitrobheli ezihlabayo

Isikhathi sokuqala emva kokutshala ama-strawberries, ukwethulwa kwesondlo kwenziwa ekwindla. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukubaluleka okusemandleni okushisa ama-fruiting. Umanyolo usiza izihlahla zilulame futhi zinikeza amandla okukhuthazelela ubusika. Ngemuva kokuqedwa kwe-fruiting, i-flower buds ifaka phezu kwezitshalo, ngakho-ke isivuno esizayo sixhomeke ngokuphelele kumthamo wezakhi ezitholakale ngalesi sigaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-strawberry sezihlahla zondliwa ku-offseason ngemva kokufakelwa kabusha, ukutshala nokukhiqiza ngokuhlukanisa izihlahla.

Umquba omusha noma umquba wezinkukhu utholakala phakathi kwabo ngesikhathi sekwindla yokufaka umanyolo emasimini ngemifino ephilayo, ngoba phakathi nobusika kuyoba nesikhathi sokuba perepret, kanti entwasahlobo iyosebenza njengomthombo we-nitrogen, kanye ne-mulch, isixwayise ukuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo kokhula.

I-Humus ingafakwa emhlabathini futhi ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwesitshalo: bayilungisa i-bump yayo, esetshenziselwa emigodini ene-rosettes etshalwe kuyo. Inkukhu yezinkukhu, intsha, ayikhuthazwa, njengoba ingabangela izimpande zivutha ngenxa yokuhlushwa okunamandla okunamandla. Ukondla izitshalo kumele kuhlanjululwe ngamanzi. Isixazululo sitholwa emigodini eboshwe phakathi kwezimbobo kanye nemigqa ye-strawberries.

Entwasahlobo, ukukhulelwa kuyenziwa emva kokuqala kokukhipha. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, imiphumela emihle ikhiqizwa ngokusungulwa komquba wokukhukhulwa kakhulu wezinkukhu. Ukuze ulungise isixazululo, ingxenye eyodwa yenkokhelo yenkukhu ithathwa futhi ihlanjululwe ezingxenyeni ezingu-20 zamanzi. Kodwa-ke, akunconywa ukuthi usebenzise ukugqoka okunjalo kaningi kangaphezu konyaka, ngoba isingeniso esiningi ngokweqile kuyosiza ekuqongeni kwe-nitrate enhlabathini, okuzobe sekuwela izitshalo futhi ngeke uthole isivuno esinobuhle.

Ukudla kwesibili kwenziwa ngemva kokuvela kwamajikijolo. Ngale njongo, sebenzisa I-mullein ehlanjululwayo, njengoba ibhekwa njengomanyolo ofanele kakhulu we-strawberries. I-Korovyak iqukethe inani elifanele zonke izakhi ezidingekayo ekuthuthukiseni okujwayelekile kwe-strawberries. Ukuze ulungise ukudla okunjalo udinga ukuthatha ingxenye yesine yamabhakede e-mullein ugcwalise ngamanzi, uhlanganise bese ugoqa endaweni efudumele izinsuku ezintathu. Ukugxila okubangwayo, ngaphambi kokusungulwa, kunconywa ukuba kuhlanjululwe ngesilinganiso se-1: 4 bese usebenzise kuphela ukuthululela izihlahla.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufaka umquba we-sitrobheli ezikhulayo entwasahlobo, ukusetshenziswa kwemaminerali kanye nezamaminerali. I-ammofosc ne-ammonium nitrate ihle kakhulu kule ndima ngesilinganiso se-2: 1. Ingxube elandelwayo ihlanjululwe emanzini futhi igwetshiwe emhlabathini.

Isici esibaluleke kunazo zonke esakhiwa ama-strawberries, ngenkathi kuhlanganiswa amajikijolo, i-potassium, ngakho-ke ukufakwa kwalesi sakhi kumele kwenziwe ngesikhathi sokuhluma kwezihlahla. Ukuze ukondle izitshalo, ungasebenzisa i-potassium monophosphate ngesilinganiso se-1 isipuni ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi, kodwa ukufakwa kwamanyolo emhlabathini kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kokuchelela okuningi kwezihlahla. Umswakama uvikela izimpande zezitshalo kusuka ekushiseni kwamakhemikhali.

Ukutshala ama-strawberries wezithombo "usayizi waseRussia" wezinhlamvu

Abalimi abaningi besaba ukuthenga imbewu, ngoba abazi ukutshala ama-strawberry kahle. Futhi kuyize! Izithombo ezikhulile kahle ezivela imbewu zihlukahlukana kakhulu, futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, zigcina izici zayo ezihlukahlukene ngokugcwele. Inkinga enkulu ekutshaleni izithombo zezitshalo ze-strawberry ezivela imbewu yilapho okusanhlamvu kwayo kunomhlubo okhulu kakhulu wembewu, okungeke kwenzeke ukuthi ungadluli ngaphandle kokukhishwa okungeziwe.

Ekhaya, imbewu ifakwa emkhathini omanzi futhi ifakwe efrijini ngezinga elincane elisezingeni eliphezulu.

Ukuqoqa imbewu yakho yesitshalobhisi oyidingayo:

  • khetha amajikijolo amakhulu kunazo zonke, amahle kakhulu futhi avuthiwe kusuka ezihlahleni ezinempilo;
  • unqume isitshalo sesithelo (izitshalo ezinamandla kunazo zonke zikhula ezivela emthonjeni ophakathi kwesithathu kwe-berry);
  • unqume ungqimba oluphezulu lwe-pulp kanye nembewu bese uyomisa ephepheni;
  • isisindo esomile kufanele sigaya ngokucophelela ukukhulula imbewu;
  • Ukulungele ukuthola izinto okuzozithelela esikhwameni sephepha noma embizeni bese uthumela kwisitoreji.
Ukuze imbewu ihlume, ifakwe okungenani izinyanga ezimbili. Ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe esiqandisini, izinto zokutshala ziphathwa ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate, okudingekayo ekushiseni i-disinfection nokudla kwe-potassium: imbewu ihlanganiswa ibe isikhwama sempahla futhi ifakwe esitsheni nge-potassium permanganate. Ngemva kwalokho, okusanhlamvu kuhlwanyelwa endaweni engaphansi kwe-peat futhi kufakwe efrijini. Ngesikhathi se-stratification, kuyadingeka ukuba uhlale ufaka imbewu bese ufafaza ngamanzi.

Ekupheleni kwe-stratification yembewu, ngo-Mashi bahlwanyelwa endaweni elungiselelwe ngaphambili ephethe izingxenye ezilinganayo zomhlaba we-peat ne-turf, kanye nenani elincane lehlabathi.

Esigodini ngasinye ubeka imbewu eyodwa, uchithe ngamanzi avela ebhodleleni le-spray, elimbozwe nge-foil bese ufakwa endaweni efudumele. Ngemuva kwesonto, uzoba namahlumela owokuqala. Kulesi sigaba, izitshalo zizodinga ukunikeza inani elanele lokukhanya kwe-UV. Emva kokuvela kwamapheshana emahlumela (kuze kufike ku-5 cm ububanzi), zihanjiswa ngaphakathi kwesitsha esikhulu. Lapho nje izithombo zifinyelela usayizi oyifunayo, kunzima futhi zatshalwe emhlabathini.

Ama-Strawberries ayizitshalo ezingenakuzithoba, kodwa kufanele wenze imizamo yokuthola isivuno esivulekile samajikijolo anamanzi namnandi.