Ukukhiqizwa okuzimele kwama-cutters flat

Ukulima kwenhlabathi nge-flat-cut, lapho izingqimba zomhlaba zingaphenduli, futhi izinhlanga zigcinwa futhi zivikela umhlaba kusukela ekuphefumuleni nasekuseni, sekuye kwaziwa isikhathi eside (ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, I. E. Ovsinsky wasebenzisa ngempumelelo). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwanda komkhiqizo kanye nokunciphisa inani lemisebenzi elisetshenzisiwe kubhalisiwe.

Ngokucacile zonke izinzuzo zokulima eziqashisayo zizibonakalise ngokwabo ngesikhathi kuthuthukiswa amazwe amasha eKazakhstan ngawo-1950.

Emapulazini ngamanye, abalimi nabalimi basebenzisa abalimi abasebenzisa izimboni ezihlukahlukene.

Phakathi kokuguqulwa okuphambili kakhulu futhi okuvamile kune-Fokin's-cutter-cutter. Qaphela ukuthi lo mnqamuli wendawo - umlimi ophethwe ngesandla unamandla okwenza ngokwakho ngezandla zakho ngosizo lwemidwebo nemiyalelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo.

Uyazi? UVladimir Vasilyevich Fokin (1941-2002) - umsunguli womlimi obizwa ngegama lakhe emva kwakhe. Ngenxa yokukhubazeka (wabhekana ne-infarction enkulu ye-myocardial ngo-1987), umlobi wezinto ezenziwe esikhathini esizayo wayengenakuhlanganyela ngokuhlanganyela ezitshalweni zakhe zokuzilibazisa. Ukungaphumeleli lesi sifo, u-V. Fokin waqhubeka nemisebenzi yakhe yokwenza umsebenzi ekuqaleni kwawo-1990. ikwazi ukuthola ithuluzi eliphumelelayo nelula ukuyisebenzisa elingadingi umzamo wokuzikhandla ngokweqile (umbhali okhubazekile uqhubekele ku-40 acre ngosuku ngelusizo lwakhe).

Kungani ngidinga uFokin flatbedbedbed dacha

Ngaphambi kokwenza u-Fokin umshini wakho wendawo, udinga ukuthola ukuthi iyini, ukuthi isebenza kanjani. Isimiso esiyinhloko sama robots ase-flat-cutter-cutter ukusika kwenhlabathi ngesisindo esingama-5 kuya ku-15 cm.

Ukusika okunjalo kulimaza izimpande zokhula (uma zifa, ziyotshala inhlabathi), ikhulule inhlabathi, ikhulise u-hygroscopicity wayo. Ukusetshenziselwa umshini wensimbi iminyaka emibili kuya kwemibili kuvumela ukuthuthukisa isakhiwo somhlabathi nokwandisa isivuno.

Ukuzivocavoca uma usebenzisa umlimi onomhlahlandlela kufinyelela izikhathi ezimbili kuya kwezingu-3 uma kuqhathaniswa nomsebenzi we-garden hopper noma ifosholo evamile (okungenani ubunzima, abantu abanezinkinga zamalungu, umgogodla, uhlelo lwe-cardiovascular, njll bangenza ingadi).

Kubalulekile! Ubuningi bokungqimba kwe-mulch akuthinti ukusebenza kahle kwe-cutter flat Fokin.

• inhlabathi enezingqimba ivuleka kuze kufike ku-5-10 cm - ukusika kwe planar (imibhede engakahlwanyelwe, i-aisle);
• ukwakheka kwemibhede - ukuguquka okunye komhlaba kanye nokhula okumelwe unqunywe kokubili phakathi (ububanzi obukhulu bombhede buyi-1 m);
• ukulinganisa ubuso bombhede - ukujulisa umbhede ngo-1-2 cm, ngokushelela noma ngokusheshisa ukugibela eceleni kombhede futhi uzibheke (izibungu zomhlaba zichotshoziwe, uma uhambisa sonke isikhathi lapho uhambela umngcele osenyakatho, umthamo ongaseningizimu wombhede usungulwa kancane);
• ukusika kwezindawo zokudla imbewu kanye ne-powder yabo elandelayo;
• iseding weeding (indiza ikhululeka ngaphambi kokutshala kanye izikhathi 3-4 emva kokuhlwanyela ngezikhathi zamasonto onke);
• hilling (esetshenziswa njengendlela chipper);
• ukukhulula ama-strawberries nokusika izishukela;
• ukusika of okusajingijolo nokhula;
• ukukhipha emthonjeni wokhula okhulayo endaweni eseduze nendawo yezitshalo (asikho isidingo sokukhothama);
• ukugaya izingcezu ezinkulu zomquba kanye nokusabalalisa okufanelwe phezu komhlaba (kudlulela amafoloko ngendlela efanele);
• ukukhulula imibuthano ye-pristvolnyh yezihlahla zezithelo, njll.

Indlela yokukhetha indaba ye-cutter flat

Ukwenza i-cutter flat for ingadi noma ingadi yemifino, ngokuyisisekelo, kulula. Isinyathelo sokuqala ukukhetha izinto ezifanele - i-planer ngokwayo kanye nokusika.

Ukuze kwenziwe umshini wensiza, umshini wensimbi 40-45 mm ubude, kuze kube ngu-400 mm ubude, kuyadingeka. I-Metal kufanele ibe nokwanda kokugqoka ukugqoka. Insimbi evamile ye-flat-cutters ayifanele (iyokwazi ukuthola ngokushesha, ukugoba, njll).

V. V. Fokin wenza umsiki wensimbi kusuka entwasahlobo yensimbi 65G, Ngakho-ke, okukhethwa kukho kungcono ukusebenzisa intambo emincane (5-6 mm) entwasahlobo yemoto (umshayeli) noma ipuleti yokumiswa kwe-torsion (kusuka kuZAZ, LuAZ) njengento engenalutho.

Kunzima kakhulu ukucubungula izinto ezinjalo ekhaya, kodwa umphumela uzothola konke okulindelwe - umlimi uzosebenza isikhathi eside futhi ngokuphumelelayo. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bakhuthaza u-Fokin's-cutter-cutter njengenye yezinketho zokuzikhiphela ekhoneni lensimbi (okukade ulisika nge-grinder ibe imigwaqo emibili). Ukusika kungasetshenziswa:

• umuthi wephayini - impahla engabizi kakhulu futhi eshibhile, esetshenziselwa kalula, kodwa ehlala isikhathi esifushane (ngokushesha iphuka phansi, iminyana);
• birch - impahla ehlala njalo futhi engabizi (ikhwalithi iphakeme kunephayini), isetshenziselwa kalula, kodwa idinga ukupholisa okude - okukhethwa kukho okungcono kakhulu kwe-cutter flat;
• umuthi womlotha - inketho ebiza kakhulu, kodwa ikhwalithi iphezulu kakhulu (ubukhulu besikhathi esisodwa nesigamu esikhulu kunaleyo ye-birch), izinkuni ezinezintambo zesikhathi eside, azinqamuki, aphuza ngokuphelele. Ash shank izohlala iminyaka eminingi.

Kubalulekile! Ukuze ubusika, i-cutting cut flat ihlanzwa phansi, ihlanzwa, isula futhi igcobe ngamafutha enjini (kungenzeka ngokusebenza ngaphandle). Kungenzeka futhi ukugcina umcibisholo wensiza emgodini onesihlabathi obanjwe ngemayini. Le ndlela ibuyele kahle ngoba ivimbela ukuthintana ngengozi nge-flat-blade.

U-Ploskorez Fokina uzenzele: imfundo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo ngemidwebo

Uma wenza u-Fokin umshini wezandla ngezandla zakho siqu, kufanele ulandele imidwebo nemilayezo ngangokunokwenzeka - lokhu kuzosiza ukugcina izakhiwo ze-ergonomic nezimfanelo zobuchwepheshe zomkhiqizo.

Ngaphandle kwensimbi nezinkuni, ekwenzeni umshini wensimbi ozodinga:

• umshini wokugesi;
• isando;
• i-blowtorch;
• amafutha omshini - ukuphuma ngaphandle (ukwelashwa okunzima nokulwa nokubhubha);
• isicefe;
• amaphini kanye nama-wrenches amabili 10 x 12;
• Isi-Bulgarian;
• umshini wokugaya;
• i-whetstone;
• i-sandpaper;
• indiza;
• ama-bolts, ama-washers namantongomane.

Kubalulekile! Isikebhe se-Fokin sinezilinganiso ezichazwe kahle: ukwandisa ubude be-blade ngeke kuthuthukise izimfanelo ze-kosar ze-cutter flat (ungasithola amathiphu afanayo kwi-intanethi). Lokhu kuzoholela ekulahlekelweni kwezwe jikelele kanye nokungakwazi ukwenza okuningi kwemisebenzi. Ukuze ukugaya kungcono ukusebenzisa ubuciko.

Inqubo yokukhiqiza ibhilidi

Ingenalutho yensimbi evamile inqunywa usayizi. Uma usebenzisa i-high-alloy steel, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi lo msebenzi uzoba nzima futhi unzima.

Ngaphambi kokuqhutshelwa phambili, insimbi kufanele ikhululwe ". Ngalokhu udinga:

• ukushisa lo msebenzi ngokulinganayo nge-blowtorch (uphethiloli noma igesi) kuyo yonke ubude kuze kube umbala we-cherry (kubalulekile ukuthi ungadluli uma uqala ukuvula i-orange - sekuvele kushisa);
• ngemuva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-billet isiye umbala we-cherry, shiya ukuba uphole. Lezokwelapha zenziwa kahle ehlobo noma ekamelweni elifudumele - ukupholisa kuzoba okufanayo.

Ngemuva kokuba umsebenzi wehlile usuphelile ngokuphelele, usuvele usenza umshini wezandla ngezandla zakho. Ukusika i-grinder ubude obufanele, ungaqhubeka nesinyathelo esilandelayo - ukumaka ngokusho komdwebo (lapho ukugoba khona izimbobo, lapho ungaguqa khona).

Ukuguqulwa kwe-workpiece

Isiteji sokuchithwa kwe-workpiece kubalulekile ngoba kuyadingeka ukunikeza isimo esifanele futhi ugcine ama-angles. I-workpiece kufanele iphoqelelwe esivumelwaneni kanye nosizo lwesando ngokusho kwamamaki, ukugoba insimbi (izindawo zemihlathi zingadluliselwa phambili nge-blowtorch):

• ukugoba kokuqala kufanele kube ne-angle ka-95-105 degrees;
• okwesibili yizigaba eziyi-110-130;
• ukugoba okwesithathu kufana nesesibili;
• okokugcina, ukugoba okwesine, kwenziwa ngebanga elifanayo, ukushayela i-billet ngaphansi kwesibambo.

Ukulandelana kwe-deformation akukwazi ukuguqulwa (ngaphandle kwalokho ukugoqa kokugcina ngeke kusebenze). Ngakho-ke, sithola umsebenzi obizwa ngokuthi u-Fokin omkhulu wesikhuni, lapho ubukhulu be-blade bungu-170 mm.

Uyazi? Ukuma kwe-cut cutting for cutter ihluke ekubunjweni kwezicucu zefosholo kanye nama-hoppers. Isiqu se-rectangular asikhiphi, asiguquli entendeni yesandla sakho. Leli fomu linciphisa ithuba lokugubha ama-callus futhi linikeza ukuphathwa okukhululekile. Ukwandisa impilo yokusika, abalimi balincoma ukuthi bayokwelapha emva kokugcoba nge-"zero" ngamafutha ashisayo.

Ukuguqulwa kobuciko kanye nokugaya

Isigaba sokugcina ukubhoboza izimbobo, ukubunjwa, ukuqinisa nokuqina. Izimbobo zokudubula azibangeli izinkinga.

Ukumiswa kokugcina kunikezwa ngokusho komdwebo nge-grinder ne-grinder. I-grinder iyanqamuka engeni lika-45 degrees ekugcineni kwengxenye esebenzayo ye-flat-cutter, kuhlanganise nokuphela. Indlela yokubheka u-Fokin-cutter-cutter, ngokuqondile noma cha, ukusebenza kahle okuqhubekayo komsebenzi wakhe kuncike.

Ukweqa ngokuphindiwe kabili (kokubili emaphethelweni ahloliwe, kufaka phakathi ukuphela kwekhasi). Kungcono kakhulu ukwenza konke ukuqinisa emshinini wokugaya, ungawuqeda nge-sharpener ye-manual. Ukuqedwa kufanele kuqale nge-tip of the cutter flat. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuncike ekucimeni (ungenza ngaphandle kwalo, kodwa umcibisholo wensiza uzoba msindo ngokushesha).

Ukukhathazeka kanje:

• uthele amafutha ku-tank - ukuhlola (ukuze lapho ebhapathiziwe, lo msebenzi wawuhlanganiswe nawo);
• ukushisa umshini wokusebenza nge-blowtorch (kuze kube umbala we-cherry);
• masinyane imizuzwana engu-2-3, uyibeke emafutheni, ususe futhi emva kwamasekhondi angu-5 uyigcwalisise, bese uyisusa bese uyigcwilisa futhi (phinda kuze kube yilapho amafutha eyeka abilayo lapho exhumana nensimbi);
• hang cool. Ubuso be-workpiece kufanele buphenduke obumnyama (ukuvikelwa kokushisa), insimbi ithola amandla amakhulu.

Kubalulekile! Uma wenze umkhiqizo ngokwakho, futhi ungathengi, awuphuli ilungelo lobunikazi bomuntu.

Ukwenza ukusika

Ngaphambi kokwenza ukusika ngezandla zakho, udinga ukunquma ngalokho okushicilelwe (sesivele senze) futhi kungenalutho. I-blank for the cutting kufanele ibe ngesimo se-slat yangomugqa onamanzi angu-45 mm nobubanzi obuyi-20 mm.

Ekuqaleni, udinga ukukunika ifomu elidingekile (kufana ncamashi njengenduku ye-hockey):

• indiza yokucubungula yonke imiphetho emine (indiza kumele ishintshwe ukuze isuse ungqimba oluncane kakhulu lwezinkuni). Amaphesenti ama-15-20 cm kusukela ekugcineni okuphansi kufanele ashiywe ehlangene (ukuma kwe-rectangular kuzokusiza ukumaketha ukulungisa nokulingana okuqinile);
• ukucubungula ubuso be-shank sandpaper (zivikele ezimpini);
• endaweni eyi-150 mm ukusuka enqenqemeni elingaphansi, udwebe imigqa emibili ephakathi (ibanga eliphakathi kwawo kufanele libe ngu-5 mm);
• Namathisela i-cutter flat kuya emaphethelweni angaphansi kwesibambo;
• hlanganisa izimbobo ezidibeneyo esinqunjeni esicwebile ngokufaka uphawu lwethu;
• phawula eceleni kwesinye imigodi;
• bhonsa imbobo (beka ibhodi noma ibhulogi ngaphansi kwebhola) bese ulungisa ibhodlela kanye ne nut;
• Namathisela umcibisholo wensiza (enye yezimbobo ezisele esinqumeni esinqunyiwe kufanele ifane nomugqa odwetshiwe). Kungcono ukusebenzisa ama-washhers amakhulu ensimbi phakathi kwekhanda le-bolt nesibambo. Lokhu kuzovumela ukuqinisa umthamo we nut, ukuvikela lesi sihlahla ekubhujisweni.
• ukubhoboza ukugoba ngokusebenzisa umgodi ku-planer;
• faka bese uqinisa ukuphakama kwesibili. I-cut cut flat isilungele ukusebenzisa.

Isibambo se-Fokin sopter flat sithinteka, uma sibeke eceleni, kufanele sibe ngu-20 cm ngaphansi kwehlombe, ngakho ubukhulu besibambo ngasinye buzoba ngabwabo, ngabanye.