I-Pyrethrum, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Dalmatian chamomile, - Lena imbali yensimu ehlala njalo. I-pyrethrum ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-chamomile, cishe ngoba lesi sitshalo sinombala owodwa wokuklama njenge-chamomile: isikhungo esiphuzi kanye namagundane amaningi azungezile. Eqinisweni, ubudlelwane be-pyrethrum ne-chamomile bunemibandela. Kukhona izinhlobo eziningi zalesi sitshalo, ezingafani nesimo, umbala, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali nezimo ezikhulayo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-pyrethrum ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa akukhawulelwe. Ngakho-ke, ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo zisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukwelashwa, zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha ama-scabi, ezisetshenziswe njengesisekelo sezidakamizwa ze-anthelmintic, futhi zibandakanya namafomu wokulinganisa ukunciphisa izimpawu zekhanda kanye nobuhlungu besifazane ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngokuhlanganiswa nezinye izidakamizwa, i-pyrethrum isetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo somfutho wegazi, i-arthritis nesifo se-rheumatic. Umphumela we-feverfew ekwelapheni kwezinkinga ezithile ezingqondweni.
Uyazi? Okumangazayo ukuthi ukuhlukahluka okungafani kwezindawo zeDalmatian chamomile kuvumela ukuba kusetshenziswe ngesikhathi esisodwa ezimbonini zezitho zomzimba nezamakhemikhali (okokuqala - ukuthuthukisa isikhumba, okwesibili - ukwenza umuthi wezinyosi, isibonelo, ukubhubhisa izimbungulu).
Izwe lakithi le-pyrethrum yizindawo ezifudumele zendawo yezulu (eCaucasus, Asia Ephakathi, esifundeni saseMedithera), okumele kucatshangelwe, ufisa ukukhula i-Dalmatian chamomile esimweni sezulu esinzima kakhulu. Endaweni eyodwa i-pyrethrum ingakhula iminyaka engaphezu kweyisishiyagalombili, kepha isitshalo sinikeza izimbali ezinhle kakhulu kusukela ekuyesithathu kuya komnyaka wesithupha wokuphila.
Ukukhetha indawo nendawo yokutshala i-pyrethrum
Kungcono ukuhlwanyela i-Dalmatian chamomile eplaneni elithambile elihle. Indawo ye-pyrethrum kufanele ivuleke ngokwanele futhi ingaqhutshwa yimimoya ebukhali, engavamile kule sitshalo. I-penumbra ye-Dalmatian chamomile nayo ibaluleke kakhulu, kodwa uma ilanga lincane kakhulu, i-feverfew izoqala ukwelula kakhulu ukuphakama, okuzolimaza kakhulu ukubukeka kwe-shrub. Amazambane, kanye namaqanda okuvuthwa okuqala, kubhekwa njengababikezeli abahle beDalmatian chamomile.
I-pyrethrum ayizithobeki kakhulu ezimweni zangaphandle, ikakhulukazi, ekubunjweni kwenhlabathi. Kubalulekile ukuthi isitshalo sinikezwe amanzi amaningi, ngoba i-feverfew ayithandi amanzi aphelile ohlelweni lwempande. Ngakho-ke, kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ajulile, futhi uma kungenjalo, qiniseka ukuthi ukukhishwa kwamanzi okweqile kwenzeka esiteshini se-pyrethrum.
Ukuze uqinisekise izimbali ezide nokuningi, kungcono ukutshala i-feverfew ngomhlabathi ovuthiwe omsundu omnyama olinganisiwe. Futhi i-loam efanele ne-sandy loam. Kunoma yikuphi, inhlabathi kufanele ibe eyomile futhi ihlanzeke ngokuphendula okungathathi hlangothi noma kwe-alkaline. Umkhuhlane omncane ukhula kabi futhi ukhula kakhulu emhlabathini owunzima, omanzi noma owenziwe ngokweqile. Umhlabathi omuncu, onesihlabathi futhi ompofu kakhulu we-Dalmatian chamomile awufanelekile.
Kubalulekile! I-feverfew engenamqondo ikuvumela ukuba uyitshale ngaphandle kokunamathela ngokuqinile kulezi zincomo. Kodwa-ke, emhlabathini ovundile kakhulu, kanye nasemthunzini, lesi sitshalo siqala ukuthola inqwaba eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanti izimbali, ngokuphambene, azifani ngokuningi.
Naphezu kokushiwo ukushisa, i-feverfew ine-frost resistant: uma izinga lokushisa lingaweli ngezansi ama-degrees amaqhwa amahlanu, i-Dalmatian chamomile izohlala kalula ebusika ngaphandle kokulungiselela okwengeziwe.
I-pyrethrum ekhulayo esuka kumbewu
I-pyrethrum ikhiqiza ngezindlela ezahlukene: ukukhula kusuka enzalweni, ukuhlanganiswa, ukwahlukanisa isihlahla, ukubeka. Ukusabalalisa i-pyrethrum ngezinhlamvu kungenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko - ukuhlwanyela emhlabathini ovulekile nokutshala ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo. Emhlabathini ovulekile, imbewu ye-pyrethrum ihlwanyelwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngokushesha nje lapho amaqhwa elala. Ukuze kuhlume kangcono, kuyadingeka ukuba uqale ukugxilisa inzalo amahora amaningana ngamanzi ekamelweni lokushisa. Ukutshala imbewu emhlabathini kufanele kwenziwe ngokujulile - ngo 2-3 cm.
Abanye balimi batusa ukuhlwanyela emva kwesikhathi, balinde inhlabathi ukufudumala ngokuphelele. Uma i-feverfew itshalwe ngoMeyi, imbewu ingafakwa kuphela ku-5-10 mm kuphela. Amahlumela kuleli cala avela ngokusheshisa - nje amasonto ambalwa emva kokuduka.
Imbewu ye-Dalmatian chamomile ayifani kahle nokuhluma; ngakho-ke, ingahlwanyelwa ngokuqinile: emva kokuhluma, kuzodingeka ihlungwe (ibanga eliphakathi kwezitshalo ngalinye kufanele libe okungenani 10 cm). Ukukhula okuncane kwe-pyrethrum kulula kakhulu ukugxila, ukuze inqubo yokumisa ingenziwa ngaphandle kokwesaba.
Indlela ekwindla yokuhlwanyela imbewu ye-pyrethrum nayo isetshenziswa. Kukholelwa ukuthi ukuhluma kulokhu kuhlinzekwa kangcono kakhulu. Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa ekujuleni okujulile, kodwa emva kwalokho umbhede uhlanganiswe nengqimba ye-humus engaphansi kuka-1 cm ubukhulu. Ukuze ungahlwanyeli i-pyrethrum emhlabathini ovulekile entwasahlobo, lapho umhlabathi ubanda kakhulu, ungatshala lesi sitshalo emabhokisini namabhokisi ezithombo. Kulesi simo, ngoMeyi, ama-daisies asekhulile kakade asetshalwe ensimini yembali.
Ungaqala inqubo ngoMashi noma ngo-Ephreli, kuye ngesimo sezulu. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela i-feverfew ezitshalweni, ukulungiselela imbewu kuyenziwa ngendlela efanayo lapho kutshalwa khona emhlabathini ovulekile. Bese basatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo, kodwa hhayi kakhulu kakhulu, ebusweni bezitsha ezigcwala izakhi zomzimba (inhlabathi kufanele kuqala ihlungwe ngokuphelele) futhi ifafaze phezulu ngendwangu yomhlabathi ka 2-3 cm. Khona-ke lezi ziqukathi zifakwa endaweni evulekile, kodwa hhayi efudumele kakhulu. Emva kokuvela kwamahlumela, uma kunesidingo, badinga ukuphuma kancane, ukutshala amahlumela nge-peat ehlukene, iphepha noma izinkomishi zeplastiki.
Ngaphambi kokufika emhlabathini ovulekile, lezi ziqukathi ziqale ngokufushane, ngokunyuka okulandelayo ngezikhathi, zibe umoya omusha wokuqina. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukufundisa i-feverfew hhayi kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphansi njengokukhanya kwelanga. Ukuze imisebe yelanga ingashisi izitshalo ezibuthakathaka, ngemva kokutshala embhedeni phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala, isitshalo sidinga ukunikeza umthunzi.
Kubalulekile! Ukusakazwa kwembewu yindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yokutshala i-pyrethrum. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi le ndlela ayiqinisekisi ifa lezimfanelo zesitshalo somzali. Ukukhula embewu ye-Dalmatian chamomile kungamangala kakhulu umnikazi we-shades yezimbali ezingalindelekile.
Uma ungaqedi ama-stalks ngesikhathi, i-feverfew ingahlakazeka ngaphandle kwesikhathi esengeziwe nomzamo wokuhluma imbewu. Ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala, i-feverfew, njengomthetho, ayiqhakazi.
I-pyrethrum cuttings
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-pyrethrum nge-cuttings, amahlumela abasha abasha esitshalo asetshenziswa. Inqubo ingenziwa ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ehlobo; ukwenza lokhu, kwanele ukubeka ukulungiswa okulungiselelwe emhlabathini, ukuyivikela elangeni bese uyifaka ngefilimu ukuze umhlaba uhlale unomanzi. Ngemuva kokuba isiqu sithathwe futhi siqinise, sitshalwe ngokucophelela endaweni enomphela.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-pyrethrum amaningi
I-Pyrethrum - isitshalo esingapheliyo. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isihlahla se-Dalmatian chamomile siqala ukukhula ngamandla, futhi inqubo eguqukayo ivela ngezimbali: izimbali ziba zincane, futhi ekugcineni zinyamalale ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufisa ukusabalalisa i-pyrethrum, okungenani kanye njalo eminyakeni engu-3-4, amahlumela kumele ahlukaniswe ngenhloso yokuvuselelwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ngokuhlukana okunjalo, kunconywa ukuthi utshale i-fiverfew endaweni entsha cishe kanye njalo eminyakeni emihlanu, lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze izimbali zihlale ziningi.
Inqubo yenziwa ngokushesha nje lapho isitshalo sesiphelile. Isihlahla kumele sitshalwe ngokucophelela, siqhutshwe phansi (abanye baze batusa ukuhlanza izimpande) futhi bahlukaniswe zibe izingxenye eziningana ukuze ingxenye ngayinye ibe ne-outlet. Izingxenye ezinjalo zihlezi ngokwahlukana futhi zinakekelwa kanye ne-pyrethrum yabantu abadala. Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-feverfew ingasakazeka ngokuhlukanisa i-rhizome, lokhu kwenziwa entwasahlobo enkonzweni yokumba isayithi.
Indlela yokunakekela feverfew
I-pyrethrum ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, ibizwa nangokuthi isitshalo kubantu abavilaphayo. Okuhlukile kuphela ukuthi ukulawulwa kokhula kuyadingeka kuze kube yilapho isitshalo esincane sikhule. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-feverfew idinga kakhulu ukuchelela njalo. Akudingekile ukukhula ukhula lwe-Dalmatian omomile; luxazulula ngempumelelo inkinga yokucindezela ukhula.
Ukuphuza nokuhlanganisa umhlabathi
I-pyrethrum ehleliwe ayidingi ukuphuziswa kaningi. Ukufudumala kwenhlabathi kuyadingeka kuphela ezimweni zishisa kakhulu ehlobo kanye nokungabi khona kwezulu isikhathi eside (inhlabathi akufanele ihlasele futhi isomile). Isomiso asisongeli ukufa kwe-pyrethrum, ngenxa nje yokungabi nomswakama, izimbali ziba zincane futhi zilula kancane. Isimo esiphezulu, esiyingozi kakhulu ku-feverfew, i-waterlogging. Ngemuva kokunisela, inhlabathi idinga ukuhamba kancane ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufinyelela kwe-oksijini ohlelweni lwempande, nokugcina umswakama emhlabathini. I-pyrethrum mulching isetshenzisiwe, kodwa akuyona impoqo, ngoba, njengoba sekushiwo, akukho ukhula noma ukungabi nesikhumbuzo (izimbangela eziyinhloko zokubambisana) ngokuvamile akusho ukuthi kuhlushwa isitshalo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuhlanganiswa kwemithi kuyisilinganiso esidingekayo sokulungiselela i-pyrethrum engapheli ebusika. Ngemuva kokuthela iziqu ezinomile, i-Dalmatian chamomile kufanele ifakwe amahlumela, amaqabunga awile, futhi uma ubusika bunzima kakhulu, ngogatsha lwe-spruce noma lamapayipi. Ukuzivocavoca kubonisa ukuthi ngenxa yenkambiso enjalo, kusukela kwesigamu kuya ezitshalweni ezingu-90% zisinda ngisho nangemva kwamaqhwa kakhulu.
I-Top dressing feverfew
Umanyolo oyinhloko lapho i-feverfew iphendula kahle kakhulu umquba obolile. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhleleka okuhle, kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela ye-mulching entwasahlobo, ekwindla ngesikhathi sokumba, futhi njengoba kudingeke ngenkathi. Uma lesi sitshalo singaqhubeki kakhulu, ungakondla ngokufaka ukumnika umanyolo we-mullein neyinkimbinkimbi yomanyolo (i-phosphorus, i-nitrogen ne-potassium ku-2: 1: 1) emanzini okunisela. Umhlabathi ompofu omningi ungaba nomquba.
Ukudubula
Ukukhipha ama-feverfew kwenziwe ngokuphindwe kabili phakathi nenkathi: emva kokuqala kwezimbali nangaphambi kokubusika. Ukudubula kwe-peduncles ngemuva kokubhakala kunemigomo emithathu: okokuqala, kuvimbela inqubo engalawuleki yokuzimela; okwesibili, inikeza kabusha ukuqhuma phakathi nenkathi efanayo; Okwesithathu, izimbali ezomile lapho lesi sitshalo sifaka khona zibukeka nje zingajabulisi. I-Haircut, phakathi kwezinye izinto, yenza isihlahla sishintshe kakhulu, senza ukwakha amahlumela amasha. Ngaphambi ebusika, kubalulekile ukusika amafihlethi, imbali yezimbali kanye ne-pyrethrum amahlumela, bese ubheka isitshalo ukusiza ukulwa namaqhwa ebusika.
Ozakwethu, sebenzisa ku-design landscape
I-pyrethrum ihamba kahle izitshalo eziningi, konke kuxhomeke lapho i-dalmatian chamomile etshalwe khona. Ezindaweni ezinelanga, isihlahla singafakwa eceleni kwe-felicia engaqondakali, i-chamomile ethinta (ingadi noma ezinye izilwane), i-doronicum ephuzi ephuzi, ama-marigolds ase-orange kanye nama-marigolds. Zonke lezi zitshalo zifana nomunye ngezindlela zezimbali, kodwa zine-shades ehlukene futhi ekhanyayo, edala umphumela wombhede othakazelisayo wembali esitayela sezwe.
Uma i-feverfew itshalwe emthunzini, amabhentshi ne-blue-blue larkspur izobukeka kahle eduze. I-chamomile yaseDalmatian ibukeka kahle, ifakwe emaphethelweni e-cineraria. Ngokuvamile, ukusetshenziswa kwe-feverfew ku-design landscape kuyisihloko se-athikili ehlukile. I-dalmatian chamomile ivame ukutshala nxazonke zezitshalo zezimbali (abanye abalimi ngisho nokusika lesi sitshalo ukuze kungabi nokuqhakaza, besebenzisa kuphela uhlaza oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa).
Futhi i-feverfew itshalwe eceleni kwemingcele nemigwaqo. Ukwakhiwa ngesisekelo noma ngokuhlanganyela kweDalmatian chamomile imibhede yemifino ekhanyayo sekukhulunywe ngenhla. I-pyrethrum, etshalwe ngaphansi kwezihlahla noma eziseduze nezihlahla ezihlobisa, kubonakala kuhle.
Ungakwazi ukuhlobisa ngaleli qhwa elikhanyayo i-gazebo, i-veranda, i-terrace noma i-balcony. Okokugcina, i-feverfew isikhathi eside ingagcina ifana ngendlela yezimbali ezigayiwe ezifakwe ezitsheni. Ngenxa yokungathobeki kwayo, ama-shades ahlukahlukene kanye nokuhambisana okuhle kakhulu nezitayela ezihlukahlukene ze-design landscape, u-ferethrum usetshenzisiwe ngenjabulo enkulu ngabalimi.
Izifo nezinambuzane, indlela yokubhekana nazo
I-Dalmatian chamomile, njengomthetho, ayibonakaliswa izinambuzane nezifo, futhi lena yindawo enkulu emangalisayo ye-feverfew.
Uyazi? Namuhla i-Dalmatian chamomile ikhule ngokuyinhloko ngobuhle, kodwa okwamanje nje lesi sitshalo sesisodwa sezinambuzane ezinamandla kunazo zonke ezitholwe abantu. I-pyrethrum iyinambuzane yezinambuzane nezinye izinambuzane zensimu, ngakho-ke akayena nje kuphela ongesabi ukuhlaselwa okunjalo, kodwa futhi uvikela nezinye izitshalo eziseduze.
Ngezinye izikhathi i-feverfew isengayithinta ama-aphid amnyama. Ungakwazi ukulwa nalo nokuhlanza okuningi kwezinambuzane ezivela emthini (ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kuhokhwe ngemuva kwamacembe, yilapho lapho izinambuzane ziphila), uphonsa amahlumela ngamanzi asozini, izinhlayiya zomhlonyane, ugwayi nezinye izitshalo eziningi i-aphid engeke ibekezelele, futhi uma uzilungiselela lo muthi akukho isikhathi, ungamane uthenge noma iyiphi inambuzane esitolo esithile esikhethekile.
Intombazane ye-pyrethrum ingakwazi ukushaya ama-slugs. Ziyabonakala emehlweni ahlanzekile, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukutholakala kwabo kuboniswa izilonda zezici emaqabunga omomile. Ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwezinambuzane, ngokumelene ne-slugs, ungasebenzisa izitha zabo zemvelo - izinyoni nama-hedgehogs. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zokudla okumnandi lapho lezi zilwane zingadonsela kusayithi. Grey ukubola - Lesi yisifo se-fungal, indlela ephumelelayo yokulwa okungekho: ngeshwa, isitshalo esithintekile kufanele sisuswe futhi sishiswe. Thrips Izitha eziyingozi zezimbali eziningi zensimu - i-feverfew ayithinti, ngokuphambene, ngosizo lwe-feverfew powder ungaqeda lezi zinambuzane ezimbi kwezinye izitshalo. Futhi, i-feverfew isetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-fusarium (isifo esibi esingathandekayo esihlasela kakhulu izimpande zezitshalo).
Ngosizo lwe-pyrethrum ukuvikela izihlahla, izihlahla, ama-strawberries. I-infusion eyenziwe ngeziqu zayo iyakwazi ukubulala izimpukane, i-weevils, imikhaza, amabhu, izintuthwane, kanye nezenzo zobuthi kubo bobabili abadala kanye nezibungu zabo (izibungu) 
Ngakho-ke, i-feverfew ingenye yezimbali eziyingqayizivele kunazo zonke, ezihlanganisa ukungazethembi okumangalisayo, ukuhlukahluka okungajwayelekile kwe-shades kanye nekhono elihle kakhulu lokuhlangana nezitayela ezihlukahlukene ze-landscape design, futhi futhi, njengebhonasi eyengeziwe, ikhono lokusongela izinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu ezivela kwezithelo, imifino kanye izitshalo zokuhlobisa.
