I-Eustoma iyimbali elintekenteke emide, emuncu evela emndenini weZizwe. Kokubili iMelika, i-Afrika kanye neziqhingi eziseCaribbean kuyizwe lakubo. Izimbali ezinhle zingatholakala namuhla emibhedeni yezimbali nasezingomeni zezimbali, nokho, izimbali zezimbali zisenolwazi oluncane ngokukhula futhi kungezembulwa zonke izimfihlo. Futhi lokhu akumangazi, ngoba kuze kube 90s yekhulu leminyaka elidlule, cishe akukho simbali satholakala kwisiko. I-Eustoma itholakala ngaphansi kwamanye amagama: lisianthus, "tulip gentian", "Texas bell", "rose rose", "rose rose." Izimbali ezinhle kakhulu zihehe lapho ziqala ukubonwa, futhi endaweni ebamba ukushisa zingagcinwa unyaka wonke.
Incazelo yezitshalo
I-Eustoma ingamakhambi agqamile noma akhula njalo otshalwe ezingadini ezifudumele njengonyaka. Imbali ine-rhizome emile, kodwa ithambile futhi ithambile ngaphandle kwezilimo eziyizigaxa namabhuleki. Iziqu eziqondile zibunjiwe ikakhulukazi engxenyeni engenhla. Mide impela futhi akhula aze afike ku-1-1.2 m ukuphakama. Ingaphezulu lamahlumela libushelelezi, luhlaza okotshani. Ezindaweni zezindawo kukhona ukuqina.
Amaqabunga anamaqabunga amancanyana, acishe abe ntekenteke kukhula ngokungafani. Zinejamo le-oval noma i-ovoid enesisekelo esincishisiwe nesiphetho esikhombe. Ingaphezulu le-solidal liqinile futhi ingaphezulu lesikhumba. Amahlamvu aluhlaza okotshani onenhlanganisela eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ingxenye engenhla yesiqu ifule kaninginingi futhi yakha ukwethuka kokwethuka okune-panicle inflorescence. Imbali ngayinye inezimbali ezinde ezilinganayo. Sekukonke, ama-buds angama-35 angaba sesitshalweni ngasikhathi sinye, avuleke, kube izingcezu ezimbalwa kuphela. Ama-corollas amise okomhluzi onama-petals mahhala angaba nesimo esilula noma esimile. Ububanzi bawo bufika ku-5-8 cm. Amacembe abanzi athambile anemiphetho ye-wavy apendwe ngombala onsomi, omhlophe, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, opinki, o-lilac. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinamapharalethi acacile noma ahlukahlukene, ngokushintsha okubushelelezi noma imivimbo. Yize i-eustoma ekude ibukeka njengembali e-rose, isondele kakhulu kune-popry poppy. Ingxenye ephakathi imbali iqukethe ama-stamens aphakathi nendawo anama-anthers amakhulu nekholamu yesibeletho ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu.
Ngemuva kokuvota, amabhlogo wembewu akhula ngokuvuthwa. Imbewu emincane ebomvana enama-vero agqamile ifihlwe ngaphansi kwamaqabunga amile amile. Banesimo esisezingeni eliphakathi nendawo.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo
Uhlobo lwe-eustoma luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezintathu kuphela eziyinhloko. Kula, i-eustoma enezimbali ezinkulu ithandwa kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo silungele ukutshala engadini, ekhaya noma ku-greenhouse yokusika. Ingakwesokudla futhi ihlwanyelwe engxenyeni engenhla yesiqu ikhula ibe ngamasentimitha ayi-150. Ama-ovate aluhlaza okotshani noma amaqabunga e-oval atholakala kuyo yonke ubude bawo. Ingaphezulu liqukethe obukhulu, obufana nesixha se-inflorescences. Ama-coroll amakhulu amakhulu anezithambo ezithambile ze-wavy zihlukile ngombala kanye nesakhiwo. Sekukonke, le nhlobo inezinhlobo zokuhlobisa ezingaphezu kuka-60.
Izinhlobo eziphezulu zengadi nokusikeka:
- I-Echo - isakaza amahlumela anamagatsha angama-70 cm ukuphakama ngamaphethelo amakhulu noma anemibala emibili;
- I-Aurora - ithambile iqhakaza izimbali ezingama-0.9-1.2 m mhlophe, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, izimbali eziphinki eziphindwe kabili
- I-Flamenco - ihlumela elingafika ku-120 cm ukuphakama lihlotshiswe ngemicu enemibala emibili enobubanzi obufinyelela ku-8 cm.
Izinhlobo ze-dwarf zasekhaya:
- I-Little Bell - ihlumela kuze kube ngu-15 cm ukuphakama okuhlotshiswe ngezimbali ezincane ezilula;
- IFlorida Pink - izimbali ezipinki ezilula ngeziqu ezinhlamvu kakhulu;
- Ukuthembeka - isikebhe esimise okomzimba esifinyelela kuma-20 cm ukuphakama sigqitshwa ngamakhorali amhlophe alula.
Izindlela zokuzala
Kunzima impela ukukhulisa i-eustoma wedwa ekhaya. Indlela esetshenziswa kakhulu imbewu. Izitshalo zikhiqizwa ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lungisa ingxube yenhlabathi yengadi, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat. Kungcono ukusebenzisa amabhodwe we-peat noma amaphilisi ngokushesha, ngoba i-rhizome emnene ayikubekezeleli ukufakelwa futhi ayidingi kukhetho. Imbewu isatshalaliswa phezu kwenhlabathi futhi icindezelwe kancane, ingalali emhlabathini. Ngemuva kokufafaza ngamanzi athambile, ahlanzwe kahle, iziqukathi zimbozwe ngefilimu futhi zigcinwa ngaphansi kokukhanya okukhona kanye lokushisa lika + 20 ... + 25 ° C.
Amahlumela avela ngemuva kwamaviki angama-2-3. Kusukela ekuqaleni, badinga amahora amade okukhanya kwelanga, ngakho-ke awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwama-phytolamp. Ebusuku, kungcono ukudlulisa izithombo endaweni epholile (+ 14 ... + 17 ° C). Igcinwa umswakama ophezulu, kepha iyabizwa nsuku zonke. Amaqabunga angempela avela emavikini angama-5-6 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela. Ngohlobo oluhle kakhulu lwama-branching, nciza iziqongqo ngenhla kwezinkomba ezingama-3-4. Ukufakelwa endaweni engapheli kwenziwa eminyakeni eyi-3-4 izinyanga. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi-Juni.
Ngokwemvelo, i-eustoma empeleni ayizalanga. Abanye bathi isitshalo esisha singatholakala ezingxenyeni zezimpande, kepha lokhu kungabaza kakhulu. Ukwahlukaniswa kwesihlahla noma isiqaqa ngesitshalo kubekezelela kabi. Kwesinye isikhathi lapho kukhula ekhaya, ekugcineni kwezimbali, izihlahla zokucishe kube cishe wonke umhlaba kwenziwa. Lokhu kuvusa ukuvela kwezingane (izinqubo ze-basal). Ngokushesha, isihlahla siba sikhulu futhi sibanzi. Lapho uzama ukwahlukanisa futhi ukufakelwa, akuwona wonke izingane ezisindayo. Esimweni somphumela omuhle, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kuthatha inyanga.
Ukutshala nokunakekela ekhaya
I-Eustoma itshalwa ezimbizeni ezincane ngengxube yenhlabathi evundile, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat. Phansi ebhodweni kusabalalisa ungqimba obanzi wezinto zokudonsa. Izimbiza zibekwa kahle efasiteleni elisempumalanga noma lasentshonalanga, kuthi ebusika lidluliselwe ewindini laseningizimu. Isitshalo sidinga amahora amade okukhanya kwelanga, kepha ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile akulungile. Ekwindla, njengoba ukukhanya kwemini kuncipha, kusetshenziswa izibani zemini.
Imbali ayikhuli kahle emakamelweni ashisayo, acwebile, ngakho-ke kudingeka umoya omncane njalo. Ukushisa komoya okuphezulu kungo + 19 ... + 22 ° C. Izimbali azikwazi ukufakwa kusalungiswa. Ebusika, izitshalo zidluliselwa egumbini elipholile (+ 12 ... + 14 ° C).
Nisela i-eustoma njalo, kepha ezingxenyeni ezincane ukuze amanzi angagxili emhlabathini. Uketshezi kufanele luhlanzwa kahle. Ebusika, ukuthambisa kuyancishiswa, ngaphandle kwalokho umlenze omnyama ungakhula. Ngenkathi yokukhula nezimbali, ziphinda zanda.
Cishe lesi sitshalo, kuyadingeka ukuba kulondolozwe umswakama ophezulu. Ukuze kwenzeke lokhu, kusetshenziswa izitshalo ezinkungu noma izitsha ezinamanzi nodaka olunwebekile olumanzi. Akunconywa ukufafaza amahlumela ukuze amanzi angazibutheli ezisekelweni zamaqabunga nasezimbali.
Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, i-eustoma inikwa isisombululo somanyolo onamaminerali. Kuthelelwa emhlabathini kude neziqu, ukuze ungazishisi.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo kufaka ukugalelwa okujwayelekile kwezinye amahlumela kanye nama-inflorescence afile. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze ukuhlobisa kwezihlahla futhi unwebe impilo yazo. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nokunakekelwa okufanele, umuntu akaphili isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka engama-4-5.
I-Eustoma engadini
Emhlabathini ovulekile, izithombo ze-eustoma zitshalwa kangcono ekuqaleni kwehlobo, ngesikhathi sokuhluma. Ngokunaka nokuqapha okufanele, izimbali kungekudala zizobukeka ziyojabulisa kuze kubanda ekwindla. Indawo yengadi yezimbali kufanele ibe egqamile, kepha ivikeleke kokungakapheli. Ukuvela kwamanzi asemhlabathini akwamukeleki. Umhlabathi kumele ukhululeke futhi ube nomsoco, ungaphenduki ngokungathathi hlangothi noma okune-asidi.
Ukufakelwa kwenziwa kusihlwa noma ngosuku lwamafu. Ibanga eliyi-10 cm cm ligcinwa phakathi kwezitshalo.Kumaviki ama-2-3, ama-eustomas asanda kutshalwa embozwe ngembozo yengilazi.
Uma kungekho ukuna kwezulu, ingadi yezimbali iniselwa ngokulinganayo, ukuvimbela ukoma nokuqina kwamanzi emhlabathini. Ukunisela kwenziwa ekuseni kuphela. Umhlabathi oseceleni kwezihlahla uyadedelwa ukhula luyasuswa.
Ukugqoka kokuqala okuphezulu kwenziwa ngenyanga ngemuva kokutshala. Sebenzisa isixazululo somanyolo wamaminerali (uPlantafol, Kemira).
Ukuqhakaza kuya ngesikhathi sokutshala izithombo futhi kuvame ukwenzeka ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-3-4. Ukuqhakaza kwe-eustoma kuzoqhubeka ekwindla, noma kupholile kakhulu. Amahlumela aqala ukufiphala lapho iqhwa liwa noma iqhwa lisuka ku -10 ° C. Ngeke ikwazi ukudala ubusika isitshalo esimweni sezulu esifudumele, ngakho-ke alikho iphuzu ekwenzeni indawo yokuhlala ebusika. Ukuze ulondoloze imbali oyithandayo, ungayisimba ngenqwaba enkulu yomhlaba, uyihambise ebhodweni. Kuze kube entwasahlobo, ama-eustomas agcinwa egumbini elipholile noma abamba ukushisa.
Le mbali ayintekenteke impela. Ivezwa kalula ezifweni zokukhunta kanye namagciwane. Ukuvimbela ukuthobela umbuso wokunisela namazinga okushisa, kanye nomoya omncane ojwayelekile. Kepha izimuncagazi azihluphi kakhulu ngesitshalo, ngoba amalungu amaningi omndeni wakwaGorechavka ahlukaniswa ukunambitheka okumunyu, okungathandeki. Kuphela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ama-aphid, ama-slugs noma ama-whiteflies ahlala ku-eustoma, okungekho nzima ukuyiqeda ngama-insecticides.
Kusetshenziswa iRose yase-Ireland
Izimbali ezintekenteke zefomu elingajwayelekile azisizi ngalutho okubizwa ngokuthi i-Ireland noma iJapan rose. Bakhanga ngemibala egqamile nezinsimbi ezintekenteke. Amabhagi ngeziqu ezinde asetshenziselwa ukwenza izinto zokuhlobisa. Yize kunobuthakathaka obonakalayo, bazoba se-vase isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amathathu. Kuyadingeka kuphela ukushintsha ngezikhathi ezithile amanzi bese ufaka amaphilisi ambalwa wekhabhoni ocushiwe kuwo. Ukuze isixha singabonakali njengento enyantisayo, zivame ukwenza ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezinhlobo eziningana zezitshalo.
Ekubunjweni komhlaba, i-eustoma isetshenziswa embhedeni wezimbali. Amamaki aphansi alungile kuma-mixborder, izingadi zamadwala, kwithala noma kuvulandi. Imvamisa, izitshalo zibukeka zingcono ekutshaleni kweqembu elilodwa ngemuva kokusanhlamvu, amathikithi e-coniferous noma otshanini obukhulu. Ungahlela ukwakheka kwezinhlobonhlobo ngezinsizi zemimo ehlukene nemibala.
