I-Tillandsia ingukutholwa kwangempela kwalabo abathanda yonke into exotic, yasekuqaleni futhi engavamile. Lesi sengezo sendlu sizoba isimangalo esimangalisa ngempela ngaphakathi. Izinhlobo ezihlukile zihluke ngokuphelele komunye nomunye, kodwa ukuhlobisa amahlamvu nokuqhakaza okuhehayo kuhlala kungashintshiwe. I-Tillandsia ifunwa kakhulu ekunakekelweni, ngakho-ke okokuqala kudingeka wazijwayeze nezincomo zokukhula ekhaya. "I-capriciousness" enjalo ayinawo umthelela ekudumeni kwakhe - abathandi bezilwane ezifuywayo kufanelekile bakholelwe ukuthi umzamo owethulwe ungaphezulu kokukhokhelwa.
Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-tillandsia: incazelo nesithombe
I-Tillandsia (Tillandsia) - uhlobo lwama-herbaceous perennials, olungowomndeni omkhulu weBromeliaceae (Bromeliaceae). Ihlanganisa izitshalo ezingafani ngokuphelele (ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, kunezinhlobo ezingama-400 kuye kwezingama-550), lapho kunzima ukusola ngisho nezihlobo ezikude. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi indawo yemvelo ye-tillandsia ibanzi impela. Kuhlanganisa izintaba, ogwadule, kanye nama-savannas. Ngokwendawo, ikakhulukazi i-United States, iMexico, i-Argentina neChile. Lesi sitshalo saphoqelelwa ukujwayela isimo sezulu esihluke kakhulu kanye nesimo sezulu, esasingakwazi kodwa ukuthinta ukubukeka kwaso.
Ukwehlukahluka kokubonakala kwe-tillandsia kungenxa yokungafani kwezimo sezulu kanye nezimo zezulu ezindaweni zokukhula kwazo.
Igama elithi Tillandsia alithola ngo-1753, ukuhlonipha isazi sezitshalo saseSweden u-Elias Tillands, owaqala wamchazela ngesayensi. Ubuye abe nezidlaliso zezinkondlo - "inwele zezingelosi", "intshebe endala", "Louisiana" noma "Spanish moss." Igama lokugcina lesitshalo lanikezwa abomdabu baseMelika. AmaNdiya anezinwele ezimnyama zobuso azivamile. Kepha cishe bonke abanqobi baseSpain abafika kuleli lizwekazi elisha babengabanikazi bezindebe, imvamisa grey.
Isokhethi e-tillandsia imvama kakhulu
Zonke i-tillandsia zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili:
- Luhlaza noma luhlaza. Zinezindebe eziqinile ezilukhuni ne rosette emnyama yamaqabunga. Luhlaza okotshani ngombala we-lanceolate noma ongunxantathu, bushelelezi. Ubude obujwayelekile buyi-30-40 cm, ububanzi buyi-3-5 cm. Uhlelo lwezimpande lunamandla impela, lwenziwe.
- I-Epiphytic, yasemkhathini noma “mpunga”. Azinaso isiqu. Amaqabunga aluhlaza grey noma omnqumo nge-silvery sheen, emincane kakhulu, icishe ibe yifilimu (ngaphansi kuka-1 cm ububanzi nge-20-25 cm). Zimbozwe "ngezikali", ngosizo lwazo olunca umswakama kanye nezakhi zomzimba emoyeni. Bahlala ezihlahleni, basebenzisa i- "host" njengesekela. Ukuba khona kohlelo oluthuthukisiwe lwezimpande zezindiza kuwuphawu. Lesi sitshalo sithande kakhulu, ngakho-ke asivamile ekhaya.
ITillandsia, yeqembu le-epiphytic, ingafakwa ngokuphephile ohlwini lwezitshalo zasendlini ezingavamile kakhulu
Ekhaya, impilo ye-tillandsia imfushane - ingabi ngaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu. Igcina ngesitshalo esinezimbali. Emva kwalokho, kuphuma umama oshonile, ngoba wayesakhe indodakazi eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. ITillandsia ikhipha amakethi amakhulu apinki amakhulu noma aphuzi ngokugqamile phakathi nendawo yokuphuma, efana nendlebe noma ibala le-oar eline- “spikes” eceleni. Kube sekuvela kubo izimbali ezintathu-ezinamabala amathathu, ama-lavender noma ansomi. Ama-petals anciphile, kancane kancane agobela emuva.
Amapheshana acwebile we-tillandsia anezela ukuheha esitshalweni esivele sibukeka
Lezi izithunzi ezivame kakhulu, kepha kukhona ezinye - onsomi, omhlophe qhwa, isibhakabhaka esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amakhorali, obomvu, ophuzi. Wonke amathoni ahlanzekile impela, ngakho-ke i-tillandsia ibonakala kukhanya. Ubonakala njengokudalwa komculi onethalente okhetha ukusebenza ngopende we-acrylic.
Izimbali zeTillandsia, ngokungafani namabritish, azihlali isikhathi eside kulesi simila
Inqubo yonke ihlala cishe izinyanga ezimbili. Emvelweni, ukuqhakaza kuvame ukwenzeka ehlobo, kepha ekhaya kungaqala nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Ngokuyinhloko, ingavuswa ngokufafaza isitshalo masonto onke izinyanga ezi-2 -3 ngesisombululo se-biostimulant esilungiselelwe ngokwemiyalo (Zircon, Heteroauxin). Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, izithelo ziyavuthwa - "ibhokisi" elincane elinembewu eminingi emincane.
I-tillandsia exotic ingahlobisa noma iyiphi ingaphakathi
Ividiyo: kuze kube yilapho kuqhakaza
Amaqabunga eTillandsia athandwa kakhulu yizinyoni ezihlala emfuleni oseMississippi. Bazisebenzisa ukwakha izidleke. Ubathola befaka isicelo nomuntu. Amathumbu, imicamelo, ifenisha kugcwele amaqabunga omile, futhi abalandeli benkolo yeVoodoo benza onodoli baziwa emhlabeni jikelele kubo.
Amaqabunga ayo wonke ama-tillandsia amancanyana futhi mancane.
Ividiyo: ukubukeka nezinye izici zezimbali
Iziphi izinhlobo ezitshalwa ekhaya
Ezinhlobonhlobo zeTillandsia, izinhlobo ezithile kuphela ezazikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zasekhaya. Kukhona nzalo yokuzalanisa, kepha futhi imbalwa. Okudumile:
- I-Tillandsia tricolor (tricolor). Faka iziqu ezingama-7-10 cm ubude nama-rosette aminyene amaqabunga amancanyana ambozwe esikalini. Ubude beqabunga - cishe amasentimitha angama-20. Igama lalesi sitshalo libangelwa ama-broker abukeka ngokungajwayelekile aphuzi ngokubomvu. Amathunzi aguquka kusuka phansi kuya phezulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwakhiwa ama-peduncle amaningana. Izimbali zingububende obukhanyayo.
- I-Tillandsia fan (i-flabellata). Ifana kakhulu ne-tricolor tillandsia, ngamabhulokhi kuphela ahlukile. Zinesimo esijwayelekile esingama-tubular futhi zipendwe ngombala okhanyayo wamakhorali noma obomvu.
- I-Tillandsia eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (soanea). Ukuphakama kokuphuma kufinyelela cishe ngamasentimitha angama-25. Ubude bephepha bungamasentimitha angama-30, ububanzi bungamasentimitha angama-2,5. Umthunzi oyinhloko uluhlaza ogqamile, kepha iluhlaza onsomi noma onsomi. I-Peduncle esikhundleni esifushane, esivame ukugoba. Ubude be-inflorescence cishe buyi-15 cm, ububanzi buba cishe ingxenye leyo. Inama-buds angama-20. I-Crimson bracts njengoba iqhakaza ishintsha umbala ube ngotshani. Izimbali zi-Blue-violet, azihlali isikhathi eside kakhulu.
- UTillandsia Anita (anita). Ethandwa kakhulu yokuzalanisa nzalo, "umzali" uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka we-tillandsia. Amaqabunga aqinile, i-lanceolate. Ithiphu ibukhali kakhulu, ungayikhipha. Izimbali zinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ama-broker apinki futhi onsomi. Njengoba ziyaqhakaza, ziba luhlaza.
- UTillandsia Andre (andreana). Isiqu mude, sinamaqabunga. Amaqabunga abunjiwe ngebhande, mncane, kwesinye isikhathi asontekile. Zimbozwe ngesikali esinsundu. Isiqu sezimbali akusona isitshalo; ukwehla kwaso kuyabukeka. Izimbali zibomvu obomvu, zinobubanzi obungu-4 cm.
- ITillandsia Arauje (araujei). Isiqu esingu-25-30 cm mude, munye noma ungamagatsha. Amaqabunga amafushane, awugqinsi, angama-3-7 cm ubude, ngesimo sesilinda esinendawo ephezulu. I-peduncle imbozwe ngezikali ezibomvana. Amabhulashi aluhlaza okusajingijolo, izimbali zimhlophe qhwa, zinobubanzi obungu-2-3 cm.
- ITillandsia ine-bulbous noma i-bulbous (bulbosa). Emvelweni, akha amakoloni wonke, amboze inhlabathi nge-carpet eqhubekayo. Ukuphakama kwesiqu kuyahlukahluka kusuka ku-5-7 kuye ku-18 cm cm. Ubude beqabunga bungama-30 cm, ububanzi buyi-5-8 cm. Ngokwesisekelo kukhona ukuvuvukala okubonakalayo kanye nobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-6,6, okuthi lapho uvuleka ngokuqinile. I-Peduncle embozwe esikalini esimpunga ngokubomvu. Amabhulashi aluhlaza futhi abomvu, izimbali ze-lavender.
- I-Tillandsia yi-bryophyte noma i-usneoides, futhi "yintshebe kagogo." Isitshalo esithandwa kakhulu seqembu le-epiphytic. Amaqabunga angama-filiform, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ophuzi ngesiliva, afana ne-cobwebs. Ubude - kufika ku-5 cm, ububanzi - 1 mm. Kukhona eziningi zazo, ngakho-ke ngenxa yamamitha aphezulu avela uhlobo lwe- "Cascade". Isitshalo sibukeka sihlaba umxhwele kakhulu lapho siwa esakhiweni. Akudingi ukuxhaswa. Izimbali zincanyana, ziphuzi ngokuphuzi noma ziluhlaza okotshani. Kukhona ukuguquka kwemvelo lapho zibaluhlaza khona.
- I-Tillandsia filamentous (filifolia). Ukuphakama kokukhishwa kungama-cm angama-25. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, i-peduncle is brownish. Ngo inflorescence of 10-16 efihlekile. Indlebe ibanzi kakhulu, icishe ibe ngunxantathu. Izimbali zincanyana (1-1,5 cm ubukhulu), onsomi onsomi.
- I-Tillandsia bent (i-recurvata). Iziqu zingafika ku-10 cm ubude futhi okukhishwayo kukhulu kancane ekuphakameni. Amaqabunga athambile, athambile, ubude bawo bube ngu-15 cm. Ukuphakama aze afike ku-15 cm ukuphakama, kuyi-pubescent. I-bract ngayinye iqukethe izimbali ezi-1-2 kuphela. Ama-petals angama-lilac noma amhlophe.
- I-Tillandsia silvery (argentea). Isiqu sifushane, kuze kufike ku-5 cm. Ukuphakama kweroset cishe kungamasentimitha angama-25. Amaqabunga agxotshwe endaweni evulekile ambozwe nge “mulu” omhlophe noma obomvu, ashiya isisekelo sawo. Ubude - 7-10 cm, ububanzi - akukho ngaphezu kuka-2-3 mm. I-Peduncle bushelelezi, iqonde noma i-nickel. Kwi-inflorescence yezimbali ezingama-6-8 ezinamaphara obomvu obomvana.
- I-Tillandsia iyisisekelo esenziwe mibili (anceps). I-rosette eminyene kakhulu engama-40-50 ishiya ubude be-18-20 cm. Imivimbo e-raspberry ende igqamile ngemuva kwesizinda esivamile esiluhlaza. Amabhulashi ayimibala eluhlaza okotshani obomvu, omibalabala.
- UTillandsia Linden (lindenii). Ekukhiqizweni kusuka emaqabunga angama-30 kuye kwangama-60. Ubukhulu obuphakathi - 20-25 cm, ububanzi - 1.5-2 cm. Amabhulashi yi-raspberry noma ubomvu. Izimbali zinkulu (zingaphezu kuka-5 cm ubukhulu), ziluhlaza okotshani. Izisekelo zamaphalishi zimhlophe.
- I-Tillandsia violet-flowered (ionantha). Ama-rosette amancane amaqabunga esiliva-aluhlaza. Amabhulashi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma i-lavender. Lapho akha, amaqabunga enkabeni ye-rosette kancane kancane aphenduka abe bomvu.
- I-Tillandsia Dyer (dyayeza). I-rosette iqukethe amaqabunga afana nezinaliti zikaphayini. Amabhuleki angamakhorali, izimbali ziphuzi.
- UTillandsia inhloko yeMedusa (caput-medusae). Izisekelo zamaqabunga esitolo ziyasondela kakhulu ukuze zakhe okuthile okubukeka njenge-anyanisi noma i-pseudobulb ye-orchid. Amathiphu abo agobela emuva. Amabhulashi angamabala noma i-raspberry, izimbali ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukusuka kude, lesi sitshalo sifana nejellyfish noma i-squid.
- I-Tillandsia ukunamathela (i-stricta). Amacembe asesimweni sobunxantathu abancanyana kakhulu, afanayo namahlamvu otshani. Ubude - 15-20 cm, ububanzi - 0.5-1 cm. Amabhulashi kusuka phansi kuya phezulu ashintsha umbala kusuka ku-pastel pink to crimson. Izimbali ziyi-lilac eblue.
Photo: Tillandsia, ethandwa abalimi amateur
- E-tillandsia ukunamathela, ama-peduncle agobile ajwayele ukwakha
- Ikhanda likaTillandsia Medusa libangela ukuzihlanganisa ngensumansumane edumile
- I-Tillandsia Dyer inamabhulokhi nezimbali eziqhakaze kakhulu
- Kushiya phakathi enkabeni ye-mpakaandsia violet-flowering flow kuphenduka okubomvu njengamafomu we-peduncle
- UTillandsia Lindena - ummeleli wohlobo olujwayelekile
- I-Tillandsia ehlelwe kabili, kulula ukuyihlukanisa ngamabhulokhi amhlophe qhwa
- I-Tillandsia silvery ibukeka ingajwayelekile kakhulu ngakho konke kubonakala sengathi ayimeleli yezimbali zomhlaba
- Amaqabunga e-tillandsia agobile ukuthinta athambile impela, yize ungeke ukwazi ngokubonakala
- I-Tillandsia nitelist ilithethelela ngokuphelele igama
- Uma ubheka i-tillandsia mossy, kunzima ukukholelwa ukuthi lesi isitshalo sisonke, futhi hhayi i-skein of ngentambo
- I-Bulbous Tillandsia yaqanjwa ngokuqina kwesimo sayo ngaphansi kwesiqalo seqabunga
- ITillandsia Arauye inezimbali ezimhlophe ezingavamile kakhulu
- UTillandsia Andre, ngokungafani "nezihlobo", akakhi i-peduncle
- I-Tillandsia Anita - i-hybrid ethandwa kakhulu yokuzalanisa
- I-Tillandsia eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka itholakala kakhulu ezindlini zezimbali
- I-Tillandsia fan ikhumbuza kakhulu i-tricolor tillandsia, ingahlukaniswa yi-bark
- I-Tillandsia tricolor ibukeka njenge-hedgehog egobile
Izimo ezifanele zesitshalo
Kulula ukudala i-microclimate ejwayelekile ku-tillandsia ekudingisweni. Lesi sitshalo ngokwemvelo sijwayele ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezahlukahlukene zezulu zesimo sezulu nezimo zezulu ezingajwayelekile.
Ithebula: indlela yokwenza imbali efanele i-microclimate
| I-Factor | Izincomo |
| Indawo | Iwindows windows sill ebheke empumalanga noma entshonalanga. Okuhlukile kune-tillandsia eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okungcono ukubeka efasiteleni lasenyakatho. Umoya opholile omuhle kanye nokungabikho kokusalungiswa kuyadingeka. Noma iyiphi i-tillandsia idinga indawo eyanele yokujikeleza kwamahhala komoya. Ehlobo, ungathatha ibhodwe uphumele ngaphandle. Kungcono ukuyibeka emthunzini oyingxenye, ukuhlinzeka ukuvikela emoyeni nasemvuleni. I-Epiphytic tillandsia kufanele igcinwe kahle kwi-florarium ekhethekile noma ku-mini-greenhouse. |
| Isibani | Noma iyiphi i-tillandsii ngokwezigaba ayikuvumeli ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo. Inketho enhle kakhulu "eluhlaza" - ukukhanya okugqamile okugqamile unyaka wonke. Ekwindla nasebusika, uzodinga ukukhanyiselwa emuva ngama-fluorescent noma ama-phytolamp akhethekile. I-Epiphytic tillandsia izizwa ikhululekile emthunzini oyingxenye, ngemuva kwegumbi ngokukhanyiswa okugcwele. |
| Ukushisa | Ukushisa okukhulu kwesitshalo kuyabhubhisa. Ehlobo, kuyathandeka ukugcina izinga lokushisa likububanzi be-22-28ºС, ebusika - yehlise ku-20ºС. I- "green" tillandsia ngeke isinde "kubanda" ngaphansi kwe-18 ° C, i-epiphytic izofa ngo-12 ° C. Ukungafani kwansuku zonke (ikakhulukazi ehlobo) konke kuyinto evamile. |
| Umswakama womoya | Kwama-epiphytes ase-tillandsian, umswakama omningi womoya (80% noma ngaphezulu) uyinkomba ebalulekile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, bamane ngeke bakwazi ukuthola izakhi zomzimba ezivela emkhathini. Ku-Tillandsia “eluhlaza” kwanele ukumboza inhlabathi ekushiseni nge-sphagnum moss emanzi noma ifayidi lukakhukhunathi, yakha “inkampani” yezinye izitshalo futhi ilifafaze ngamanzi afudumele njalo ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-2-3. Inkomba efanele yomswakama kubo yi-50-60%. |
Indawo ye-tillandsia ikhethiwe ngokususelwa kuliphi iqembu
I-Tillandsia, ikakhulukazi i-epiphytic, ibukeka umxhwele kakhulu ekubumbeni. Inketho evame kakhulu ukuthi "isihlahla se-bromeliad." Ukwakha umhlobiso ongaphakathi ohlukile kulula - umlimi wezimbali ukhawulelwa kuphela ngomcabango wakhe siqu. Ukuze izitshalo zizizwe zinezimo ezinjalo, kufanele unamathele emithethweni ethile:
- Ungasebenzisi izinkuni eziphathisiwe ezifakwe ama-varnish namanye amakhemikhali anobuthi ezitshalweni;
- bopha isisekelo sokukhishwa nge-sphagnum moss emanzi bese uvele unamathisele ukusekelwa;
- uma kungenzeka, zilungiselele ngocingo (empeleni olufakwe insimbi), sebenzisa i-glue kuphela njengezinyathelo sokugcina.
Isihlahla seTillandsia bromeliad sibukeka sihlaba umxhwele
Ividiyo: tillandsia e-florarium
I-tillandsia encane izizwa imnandi kwi-florarium
Inqubo Yokutshala Nokudlulisa
Ukufakelwa kweTillandsia kuyadingeka kuphela ukuze uhambise isitshalo esikutholile endaweni ethile yesitolo engafanele. Akufani ngesilinganiso sokukhula, ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, ngemuva kwalokho i-rosette ifile, ingahle ibe khona embizeni eyodwa, noma iminyaka engu-4-5. Kulokhu, kungcono ukuthi ususe inhlabathi engaphezulu kwe-2-3 ngonyaka bese uyibuyisela ngomhlabathi omusha.
Isakhi sendawo esifanele i-tillandsia sifana nenhlabathi ngomqondo ojwayelekile wegama. Ungathenga inhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo kuma-bromeliad noma ama-orchid, noma uyixube ngokwakho enhlabathini eshidi, izidleke zezidladla kanye ne-sphagnum moss (1: 1: 1). Enye inketho i-humus, i-peat, i-moss-sphagnum nesihlabathi esiqhekekile (4: 1: 1: 1). Qiniseka ukuthi wengeza amalahle e-birch noma chalk (5-7% yevolumu ephelele).
ITillandsia ingatshalwa emhlabathini okhethekile wama-orchid
Isistimu yezimpande ye-tillandsia ayithuthukiswanga kahle, ikhula ikakhulu ngobubanzi, ngakho-ke bakhetha imbiza engajulile ebukeka njengesitsha sesaladi noma isobho. Kungcono uma yenziwe nge-ceramic ye-untlazed - ngokushintshana komoya ofanele.
I-Tillandsia deep pot pot ayidingeki ngokuphelele
Inqubo yokufakelwa ngokwayo ibukeka kanjena:
- Nisela isitshalo kakhulu. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-40, isuse ngokucophelela ebhodweni, uqaphele ukuthi ungalimazi nezimpande ezinciphile kakhulu. Empeleni, inhlama yobumba kufanele ihlale ingeneme.
- Phansi kwesitsha esisha, fafaza ubumba olwandisiwe ngesendlalelo esingamasentimitha angama-2-3. Faka cishe inani elilinganayo le-substrate entsha ngaphezulu.
- Faka isigaxa sobumba ebhodweni bese uqala ukugcwalisa inhlabathi ezungeze imiphetho. Ngenqubo, udinga ukuyinyathela njalo ukuze okuphumayo kubambe ngokuqinile emhlabathini ovulekile.Izimpande ezithuthukisiwe azihlali zibhekana nalo msebenzi.
- Susa isitshalo esidluliselwe emthunzini ongatheni. Musa ukunisela izinsuku eziyisikhombisa.
Ukufakelwa kweTillandsia kwenziwa kuphela nge-transshipment indlela.
Ama-Nuances abalulekile weTillandsia Home Ukunakekelwa
ITillandsia ibhekwa njengesitshalo okunzima ukusinakekela. Ubunzima obukhulu ekugcinweni kwayo buhlobene nokunisela.
Ukunisela
Ngenkathi yemifino esebenzayo, ikakhulukazi ehlobo, i-tillandsia idinga kakhulu umswakama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthambisa umhlabathi kaningi futhi akwanele, udinga ukuthulula amanzi ezitolo ngokwazo. Inhlabathi esebhodweni kumele ihlale inomswakama (kepha ingabi manzi). Amanzi amaningi aphuma epanini kufanele akhishwe, emasokeni athathelwa indawo zonke izinsuku ezingama-3-4.
Iqiniso lokuthi imbali idinga ukuniselwa ngokushesha isayinwa ngamakhasi okuqothula asontwe kwishubhu. Uma ukomiswa okunjalo ngaphandle kwenhlabathi sekwenzekile, beka imbiza ye-tillandsia esitsheni samanzi ukuze imboze ngokuphelele inhlabathi amahora angama-10-12. Ngemuva kwalokho oma kahle bese ulungisa isheduli yokunisela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imbali ifafazwa nsuku zonke (ekushiseni ngisho nezikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngosuku). Ukugeza okufudumele nakho kuyasiza ezitshalweni ze-epiphytic, ngoba akunakwenzeka ukuzithela.
Ukufafaza ngenqubo inqubo edingekayo ngempela ye-tillandsia, ikakhulukazi i-epiphytic
Amanzi kufanele athambeke futhi afudumele ekushiseni kwe-5-7ºC ngaphezulu kwegumbi lokushisa. Okufanele - ncibilika noma kube nemvula. Kepha ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi kungenziwa kuthambe ngokukuvumela ukuba kume izinsuku ezingama-1-2, kudlula emhlungweni noma kubilayo.
Ividiyo: Ukunisela i-epiphytic tillandsia
Isicelo somanyolo
ITillandsia isuthiswa ngesikhathi sezitshalo ezisebenzayo, ifafaza cishe njalo emavikini amabili ngesisombululo sanoma iyiphi umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wezimbali zezimbali eziqhakazayo noma ithuluzi elikhethekile lama-orchid. Esimweni sokuqala, ukuhlangana komuthi kuncishiswa ngesigamu (nge-tillandsia ejwayelekile) noma amahlandla amane (komoya) uma kuqhathaniswa nomenzi onconyiwe. Okuncane kungangezelwa endaweni yokuphuma, kepha hhayi njalo.
Ukugqoka izimpande akunconyelwe i-tillandsia
Ukugqoka okumile kwe-tillandsia kuyingozi. Ungashisa izimpande ze-brittle ezacile ngisho nangesixazululo esibuthakathaka. Ngokuyinhloko, i-tillandsia izosinda futhi iqhume ngaphandle kokugqoka okuphezulu, kepha ukusetshenziswa kwamanyolo kuvuselela ukukhula kwayo futhi kuthuthukise ukubukeka.
Nakisisa ukwakheka komanyolo. Kungcono ukuthi ithusi ibe khona lapho ngenani elincane noma ingabi nhlobo. Le nto etholakalayo inobuthi kunoma iyiphi ama-bromeliads.
Isikhathi sokuphumula
Isikhathi sokuphumula e-tillandsia asivezwa kahle. Izimbali zingavela ngisho phakathi nobusika. Isitshalo sidinga ukwehla okuncane kakhulu kwezinga lokushisa. Izidingo zokukhanyisa zihlala zinjalo.
Ebusika, lesi sitshalo siniselwa cishe kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-3-4, sivumele inhlabathi ukuba yome ngokujulile ngo-1.5-2 cm. Kufafazwe futhi kancane kaningi - ngokwesilinganiso kanye ngesonto. Lokhu kokugcina akusebenzi ku-epiphytic tillandsia, engenakuphila ngaphandle kokunyakaziswa nsuku zonke.
Ukondla kufanele kushiywe ngokuphelele. Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-tillandsia "eluhlaza" ngeke iqhume ngonyaka olandelayo, futhi i-epiphytic ingamane ife.
Ividiyo: indlela yokunakekelwa kwe-tillandsia
Amaphutha ajwayelekile ezimbali
Amaphutha angahlosi wezimbali angahlosile enza i-tillandsia ibukeke ingeyona indlela ehamba phambili. Ikakhulu isitshalo sihlushwa umswakama ophansi kakhulu.
Ithebula: kanjani amaphutha ekunakekelwa kwe-tillandsia expression
| Ukuvela kwesitshalo | Isizathu okungenzeka |
| Isokisi lomama selomile. | Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, lena inqubo yemvelo. Ngasikhathi sinye, "inzalo" iyakhiwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, lokhu kusho ukuntuleka komswakama enhlabathini nasemoyeni. |
| Izeluleko zamaqabunga ziphenduka nsundu. | Ukushisa okuphezulu kakhulu, umswakama ophansi noma ukusetshenziselwa ukuchelela amakhaza kanye / noma amanzi anzima. |
| Amahlamvu alahlekelwa lukhuni, akhule aqine, asonteke. | Lesi sitshalo asizange siphuziswe isikhathi eside, inhlabathi yomile. |
| Isisekelo sokukhipha simnyama nama-rots. | Bay yezimbali, ikakhulukazi uma igumbi lipholile. Noma ukugqoka izimpande esikhundleni sefoliar. |
| Amabala ahlukanisiwe noma aphuzi onsundu emaqabunga. | Isitshalo sitshisiwe ngenxa yokuchayeka isikhathi eside elangeni. |
| Ukukhula kancane, amaqabunga aqothuka aphelelwe amandla. | Ukuntuleka kokukhanya noma inhlabathi engafanele. |
Izeluleko ezi-browning nezomile zamaqabunga e-tillandsia zibonisa ukuthi lesi sitshalo asihlali kahle ngomswakama ophansi kakhulu womoya
Izifo zezitshalo nezinambuzane
Njengawo wonke ama-bromeliads, i-tillandsia, ngokunakekelwa okufanele, akuvamile ukuthi ihlaselwe yizifo nokuhlaselwa yizinambuzane. Izindlela zokuvimbela ezilula ngokuvamile zinganciphisa ubungozi bokutheleleka cishe ku-zero:
- ukuhlukaniswa kwezitshalo ezisanda kutholwa kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-20-25;
- ukuhlolwa kweqoqo masonto onke (okungcono ngokusebenzisa ingilazi ekhulisayo) nokuhlukaniswa kwabantu ngokushesha kwayo yonke imibala enezimpawu ezisolisayo;
- Ukubekwa kwamahhala kwamabhodwe kufasitela, ngaphandle kokugoqeka nokugoqeka;
- airing nsuku zonke yegumbi, ukugcina izitshalo zihlanzekile;
- ukugcina umswakama womoya endaweni ezinzile ephezulu, ukuthambisa okufanele;
- ukugqoka okuphezulu ngokuhambisana nezincomo;
- Sebenzisa inhlabathi engasasebenzi gciwane, inzalo yamabhodwe namathuluzi.
Ithebula: Izifo nezinambuzane zeTillandsian
| Isifo noma inkathazo | Ukuboniswa kwangaphandle | Izindlela zokulawula |
| Ukubola kwezimpande | Isisekelo sokuphuma siphenduka amabala amnyama, ansundu amnyama asakazeka emaqabungeni. Indwangu iyathamba, i-substrate isikhunta ngokuqinile. Isitshalo siphunga ukubola. | Ukuthinteka kakhulu ukubola kwesitshalo kungabhujiswa kuphela. "Ukuhlinzwa" kungasiza ezigabeni zokuqala, kepha akuqinisekisi impumelelo.
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| Ukubona indawo onsundu (phylosticosis) | Emagqumeni, ukuqala kusuka ophansi, amabala omnqumo ayafiphala, kancane kancane eshintsha umbala abe ngotshani. Uhlangothi olungalungile lumbozwe ungqimba oluqhubekayo lwe-plaque eluhlaza-grey-brown. |
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| I-Mealybug | "Ama-spools" amancane njengokuthi avela kuboya bekotini phakathi kwamaqabunga, maphakathi nendawo okuphumayo, ngaphansi kwesisekelo sayo. Amahlamvu aphela ngokushesha bese omile. |
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| Impande isibungu | Amaqabunga ayaphela, ukukhula kwembali kucishe kuyeke. Inhlabathi isuka emaphethelweni ebhodwe, ngaphansi kwawo ungqimba lwento emhlophe efana ne-wax. Emhlabathini, ikakhulukazi ezimpandeni - amabhloka amhlophe. |
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| Isihlangu se-Bromeliad | Amabhlogo amancane wemibala ehlukene ansundu avela emaqabungeni (ikakhulu ngaphakathi). “Zivuvukala” ngokushesha, izicubu ezizungezile ziphenduka zibe bomvu futhi ziphuzi ngokungathandeki. |
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| I-Whitefly | Izinambuzane ezimhlophe ezimpunga, ezifana namabhu, zikhuphukela emoyeni, kufanele uthinte imbali kancane. |
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Igalari yezithombe: Izifo nezinambuzane zaseTillandsian
- I-Whitefly kulula ukuyibona nokuyibona, kepha kunzima ukuyikhipha.
- Amakhambi we-Folk maqondana nezinambuzane ezisezingeni awaphumeleli - zivikelwe ngokuthembekile igobolondo eliqinile
- Kungenzeka uqinisekise ngokunembile ukuba khona kwesibungu sezimpande kuphela uma ususa isitshalo ebhodweni
- Amaqabunga athinteka yi-mealybug ngokushesha aphenduka aphuzi futhi omile
- Ukubuka amabala ansundu kusakazeka kuso sonke lesi sitshalo kusuka phansi kuya phezulu.
- Ukubola kwezimpande kungelashwa kuphela ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo
Izindlela zokuzala
Indlela elula futhi ebekiwe ngokwemvelo ngokwayo yindabuko yesisekelo sendodakazi, eyakhiwa ngesikhathi sokufa kukamama ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali. Akekho owenqabayo ukusabalalisa i-tillandsia ngembewu, kepha le ndlela ithatha isikhathi nomzamo omkhulu. Kufanele futhi ubekezele. Izinhlobo ezintsha ngeke ziqhakaze ngaphambi kweminyaka emi-5 kamuva. Kwesinye isikhathi ungalinda iminyaka engama-8-10. Okuhlukile yi-Anita'sandandia, eyakha ama-broker eminyakeni eyi-2-3.
Indlela elula yokusakaza i-epiphytic tillandsia. Izindlela zokusanhlamvu kuphela ezifanele yona. Kwanele ukukhulula ngokucophelela izimpande, kuhlukaniswa isitshalo esisodwa sibe “ama-bunchi” angama-2-3. Noma hlukanisa amahlumela owodwa noma amaningana, lungisa ukwesekwa bese ufafaza nsuku zonke ngesisombululo se-izimpande se-izimpande.
"Inzalo"
AmaTillandsia “izinsana” avela ezungeze isitshalo somama ngokuvamile asevele enezimpande. Kudingeka ukuthi zingasuswa ngokucophelela kusuka emhlabathini ngemuva kokuphakama cishe kwengxenye yakhe. Noma lapho "umzali" womile, susa isitshalo ebhodweni bese uhlwanyela inhlabathi. Indlela elula kunazo zonke lapho kukhona "inzalo" eyodwa kuphela. Kuhlala kuphela ukususa ngokucophelela ukuphuma okudala.
Tillandsia amafomu izisekelo ehambelana ngemuva zom
- Gcwalisa izinkomishi ezincane ngenhlanganisela yama-peat chip nesihlabathi esiqhekekile (1: 1). Ungangeza i-sphagnum moss encane. Ungqimba lobumba olwandisiwe ngezansi kanye nokuba khona komgodi wokudonsa amanzi kuyadingeka.
- Moisten the substrate ngobumnene bese uphonsa izitolo. Azidingi ukungcwatshwa ngokujulile.
- Faka iziqukathi ekhishini lokushisa elincane noma udale u "greenhouse" usebenzisa amabhodlela epulasitiki, izimbiza zewilazi, izikhwama. Nikeza amahora okukhanya kwelanga okungenani amahora ayi-14 kanye nokushisa okungaba ngu-25 ° C.
- Gcina i-substrate ngaso sonke isikhathi isesimweni esimanzi esincane, isifafaza ngesisombululo sanoma isiphi isivuseleli sezimpande (3-5 ml / l). Vula abamba ukushisa okwemizuzu engama-5 ukuya kwayi-5 nsuku zonke ukuze kungene umoya omncane.
- Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-2, faka i-tillandsia ibe ngamabhodwe nge-cm cm cm, ogcwele inhlabathi efanele izitshalo zabantu abadala.
Ukuphinda kukhiqizwe izisekelo zendodakazi - indlela enikezwe yimvelo uqobo
Ukuhluma kwembewu
Imbewu yeTillandsia ingathengwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Imvamisa izithelo zivuthwa ekhaya.
Imbewu yaseTillandsia ivame ukuvuthwa ekhaya, uma lokhu kungenzekanga, ingathengwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezitolo ezikhethekile
- Gcwalisa iziqukathi ezifulethi ngenhlanganisela yepeat nesihlabathi (1: 1). Moisturize futhi bushelelezi substrate kahle.
- Hlakazisa imbewu ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi ngaphandle kokujula noma ukulala ngaphezulu. Mboza ngengilazi noma ngefilimu.
- Nikeza ngemibandela efanayo ne "nzalo" Amahlumela kufanele avele ezinsukwini ezingama-25-30.
- Lapho izisekelo zifinyelela ukuphakama okungama-4-5 cm, zihlwanyele ezimbizeni ezihlukile. Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kuvamile.
Ividiyo: izindlela zokuzalela i-tillandsia ekhaya
Ukubuyekezwa kwezimbali
Banginikeza imbali engenakulungiseka evela ehlombe lendoda, abayethula njengethandsia: izihlahla ezibabazekayo ezinamaqabunga amade anamaqabunga embizeni endala ethusayo. Angizange ngiyithande imbali, nganquma ukuyinika othile ngaze ngaqala nokuyifunela “izandla ezinhle” ngayo. Akulula kangako. Kuyisihawu ukunikela noma ngubani, kusewumphefumlo ophilayo, futhi akulona iphutha lakhe ukuthi mubi kangako. Nginqume ukumnika imbiza entsha ngaphambi kokuhlukana. Waqala ukufakelwa, wazibuza ukuthi unhlobo luni lomhlaba oshubile - lwalubukeka lunjengesihlabathi ngohlobo oluthile lodoti nodaka olwandisiwe. Kutshalwe enhlabathini evamile engadini, kusengethwe ngaphezulu kwesihlabathi kanye nesihlabathi, nokho kubukeka njengekhakhasi. Futhi-ke nginqume ukufunda ngaye. Futhi ngabona ukuthi “isihlabathi esilahla udoti” siyisigcawu esincane esilungiselelwe yona, njengokuthi lapho kutshalwa khona ama-orchid. Futhi kuqhuma kamnandi (lapho kuhle kuye). Futhi ngikwenzile ezweni elijwayelekile! Ngagijimela ukuyobona ukuthi kwenzekani kuye, ngabona ukuthi amaqabunga aqondile futhi manje ayengabambeki njengezingubo zokugeza, kodwa abheka phezulu enjabulweni, yonke into yayiluhlaza (kusuka onsundu), futhi okusha kwaqala ukukhula. Manje ngifaka izingqondo zami. Umhlabathi akukho nhlobo okudingayo kuye, kodwa uyakuthanda. Ngendlela, ngashintsha umqondo wami ngokukunika umuntu.
Kalinka//forum.bestflowers.ru/t/tillandsija-tillandsia.1222/
Lutho ngalutho. Lapho iqaphela, ibeletha abantwana, isitshalo somama singafa, noma siqhubeke siphile. Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kwesibili kweBromeliad akukwazanga ukulinda. Izincwadi zithi ama-Bromeliads aqhakaza kube kanye empilweni, afe emva kokuqhakaza izimbali, ashiye izingane, lezi zingane bese zikhula ziqhakaze unyaka wesithathu ... nokunye.
I-Wildy//forum.bestflowers.ru/t/tillandsija-tillandsia.1222/
ITillandsia iyimfihlo. Imbali yokuqala kuphela eyomile, ngakolunye uhlangothi yakhuphuka elandelayo, ngakwesobunxele! Kepha kungakadalulwa. Kuphakathi kwembulwe isikhathi eside, noma kukhona okungekho, bekungeke komiswe. Kepha sekuvele ohlangothini lokuqala futhi isiqongo sentyatyambo elandelayo savela. Ngifunde ukuthi angabamba kuphela izimbali ezimbili ngasikhathi, kungabe kusaba khona, ezinye zivulwa ngokulandelana, ukubuyisa umufi.
Ax//forum-flower.ru/showthread.php?t=197
Ngiyithanda kakhulu iTillandsia. Lezi akuzona izingane ezijwayelekile ezitholakala ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwenhlabathi evamile yezitshalo. Bathatha zonke izinto ezidingekayo ukuze baphile emoyeni, uthuli lomoya ngosizo lwesikali esincane amaqabunga abo asembozwe ngalo ... Uma ufafaza i-tidandheria yasemkhathini ngamanzi, iphenduka ibe luhlaza.
Linsi//frauflora.ru/viewtopic.php?t=3000
Nginamathisela amathumbu ami amancane ebhulokhi. Isendlalelo se-moss ebukhoma sinamathiselwe ku-cortex ngesibalo se-polyethylene (kusuka ngaphansi kwemifino), futhi saqa izimbotshana zeethandsia emigodini ye-mesh. Ngenkathi ibhlokhi lilele, uma izitshalo zikhula, uzokwazi ukulenga. Ngichaze impilo eshalofini elinezimbali ezingama-orchid ezinombani wokufakelwa, kodwa lapho, noma kunjalo, ukufudumala okuvela ngezansi kuyatholakala. Ngizofafaza kancane nsuku zonke ekuseni.
Blackberry//frauflora.ru/viewtopic.php?t=3000
Izitshalo zomndeni we-bromeliad zinalesi sici: ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali, i-rosette endala iyafa kancane kancane, isakhe ingane eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Ngakho-ke, ukubonakala kwezindawo ezomile e-tillandsia yakho kungahle kuhlotshaniswe nale nqubo. Uma manje usunisela kakhulu, futhi noma kusuka ngaphezulu, ukubola kungaqala, oku (kungafakwanga), okuzothinta izingane. Uma izingane sezakhiwe kahle, zingafakwa enhlabathini evulekile kakhulu, kepha kungcono ukwenza le nqubo eduze kwentwasahlobo.
I-Lady-flo//frauflora.ru/viewtopic.php?t=3000
I-tillandsia yami ikhula ngaphandle kwe-terrarium. Futhi angizifafazi, kepha amanzi eshidini elibuthakathaka elinama-orchid nsuku zonke. Ikhanda le-jellyfish selibe nami iminyaka engu-5-6. Kuthengwe ngoxhaso - ziklanywe nge-silicone. Lezo engizithengile ngokwahlukile ziboshwe nge-elastic braid elincane (kusuka kumathayi) kuya kwizibha - lokhu akuzilimazi.Kepha ngicabanga ukuthi kunesinye isipiliyoni esiphumelelayo.
Idolobha//www.flowersweb.info/forum/forum14/topic32876/messages/?PAGEN_1=9
Anginakho okuhlangenwe nakho okwanele kuze kube manje, kodwa ngokusho kokuphawulayo, i-ionant tillandsia iyiyona enesibindi kakhulu. Futhi i-Fushi gracilis ubusika obunzima kakhulu, obunamaqabunga amancane. Ngokushisa okuphakathi, nakanjani komile kubo bonke, kodwa kufanele babambe kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Futha ngokukhethekile ngamanzi athambile, abilisiwe noma okuhlungiwe. Mhlawumbe ubeke iphallet ngobumba olumanzi olunwebekile ngaphansi kwabo? Ngilinganise umswakama wendlu ngedivaysi: ikhombisa ama-20%, lokhu kuyesabeka kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo.
Karryteddy//www.flowersweb.info/forum/forum14/topic32876/messages/?PAGEN_1=9
ITillandsia ine-rosette eqinile yamaqabunga amnyama aluhlaza acishe afinyelele ku-30 cm. I-inflorescence enkulu enomhlokomo enombala opinki okhanyayo ikhula maphakathi ne-rosette. Ezimweni ezinhle, izimbali ezincane eziluhlaza okotshani obomvu noma onsomi ziqala ukuqhakaza zisuka esikalini sale ndlebe. Kuyadingeka ukunisela imbali enjalo kaningi, kodwa hhayi ukugcwalisa. Ungayifafaza. Ungashiyi elangeni eliqondile. Izimbali ezinje azizithandi okotshalwayo. I-tillandsia yami yokuqala yaqala ukuqhakaza izimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma kunalokho, kwakukhona okuthile okufana nezinso, kodwa ngavula iwindi ukuze ngikwazi ukungena egumbini. Kwakumakhaza nangaphandle. Ngokuvamile, la ma-buds afa futhi imbali ayisaqhakaza. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-2, umbala opinki waqala ukufiphala futhi kancane kancane waguquka waba luhlaza. Izimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ziyaqhakaza isikhathi esingangesonto, kanti isipoki sihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu. Lapho umbala opinki uphonsa bese uguquka ube luhlaza, lokhu kusho ukuthi imbali isiqalile ukubuna, kungekudala izoqala ukoma. I-tillandsia yami yokuqala yaqala ukoma, kodwa izingane ezincane zaqala ukukhula endaweni yokudla enkulu. Nginqume isipanji esomile esigcotshisiwe futhi ngatshala izingane ezitolo ezinkulu zezingane ngamabhodwe amancane. Ukutshala i-tillandsia kulula kakhulu, ngomzamo omncane ukukhipha ingane kusuka ekuphumeni okuyinhloko futhi uyihambise ebhodweni, engeza inhlabathi futhi uqedile! Ngifunde kwi-Intanethi ukuthi imbali eyinhloko kufanele ife, kepha nginakho kokubili eyinhloko nezingane, yize nginciphise kancane iqabunga eliyinhloko. Izingane azikakhuli okwamanje. Ngifunde kwi-Intanethi ukuthi kuthatha iminyaka eyi-3-4 ukuthi izingane ziqhakaze. Sekuphele unyaka kuphela. Ungondla imbali ngezindlela ezikhethekile ezilungele ama-orchid. Ezitolo, izimbali ezinjengalezi zithengiswa masinyane ngesipingi sepinki, ngakho-ke ungazithengela le mbali engajwayelekile futhi ubuke ukuthuthukiswa kwayo izinyanga eziningana futhi, ngeshwa, yomisa ukuphuma.
I-Perfjulia//otzovik.com/review_1433137.html
ITillandsia ingesinye sezitshalo ezithandwayo zasendlini ezivela emndenini wakwaBromeliad. Ukubukeka kwayo okungajwayelekile kanye nokuqhakaza okumangalisa ngokushesha kudonsela ukunaka. Kusetshenziswa kabanzi ukudala izingoma ezingaphakathi - lapha umnikazi akhawulelwe kuphela ngomcabango wakhe siqu. I-Tillandsia ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi isitshalo okunakekela kalula, kepha wonke amandla nesikhathi esichithwa yi-florist kungaphezulu kokukhokhelwa ngokusuka kwesiko.
