Izinambuzane ekushiseni okubamba ukushisa nokulwa nazo: Spider mite

Ukulima ukukhiqiza abamba ukushisa kuyithuba elihle lokuba namajikijolo nemifino etafuleni cishe pheze unyaka wonke.

Futhi kuyisiqinisekiso sokudla imikhiqizo ehlanzekile engokwemvelo ngaphandle kwe-nitrate eyingozi, ukungcola okungaqondakali okuhlukahlukene kanye nama-hormone okukhula.

Izinzuzo zokukhula ezindlini zokugcina izithombo zingabhalwa ngezikhathi zonke: ukuvuna kokuqala entwasahlobo, ikhono lokutshala izinhlobo ezingavamile zezitshalo nezimbali ezingahlali emhlabathini ovulekile ngenxa yezimo ezingavumelekile zezulu. Ukukhula okuhle kwezitshalo kanye nokuvuna okucebile ku-greenhouse, ukushisa okuphezulu kanye nomswakama kuhlale kugcinwa.

Usongo emasimini okushisa abamba ukushisa yizinto eziphilayo ezikhiqiza endaweni emanzi enejubane elikhulu kanye nezinambuzane ezinambuzane. Amabhaktheriya abangela izifo eziningi zezitshalo. Izinambuzane ziyakwazi ukulimaza ngokudla izithombo, izimbali, amaqabunga, amajikijolo avuthiwe nezithelo zezitshalo zemifino.

Izinambuzane ezinkulu

Ekuboneni kokuqala kungase kubonakale sengathi izitshalo ezinobumba abamba ukushisa ziphephile futhi ziphephile. Kodwa akunjalo. "Inkathazo" yangempela yokugcina izithombo ezinambuzane eziyingozi.
Ngomzamo wokuthola emgwaqeni osondelene nokufudumala nokudla okumnandi, bayakwazi ngokuphelele futhi ngesikhathi esifushane ukubhubhisa wonke umsebenzi wabalimi nabalimi. Okuvamile kakhulu: izibungu zesicabucabu, i-aphid, i-whitefly, i-slugs, i-woodlice, uhambo lwe-kagwayi, i-weevil, amacimbi, ama-marshill, i-Colorado mbatata beetle. Masikhulume kafushane ngomunye wabo.

• i-aphid - izinambuzane ezincane (kusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-7 mm ngobude). Umbala womzimba uhluka kusuka ophuzi ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya emnyama, cishe omnyama. Ama-aphid avame ngokushesha. Ngezinye izikhathi zihlala esitshaleni kuwo wonke amakoloni. Ungayibona nge-eye iso. Izindawo ezithandayo - ngaphansi kweqabunga lamaqabunga amancane, amaqabunga, isiqu (amathiphu). Isitshalo esandulele ama-aphid siphephuphuka (i-aphid idonsa ijusi kusuka emaqabunga awo), iyabuna, iyancipha ekukhuleni. Utamatisi, ukhukhamba, ama-eggplant ajabulele uthando olukhethekile ezinambuzaneni;



• i-thrips kagwayi. Ubude bayo buyi-1 mm kuphela. Izinambuzane zezinambuzane zivela ngemibala ehlukahlukene - kusuka ku-gray-yellow kuze kube mnyama. Bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane banamaphiko ahlanganiswe "ne-fringe." I-thrips ngokuvamile ibeka amaqanda ngaphandle kwamaqabunga ezitshalo. Emaqabunga abathintekayo, izindawo ezikhanyayo zivela kuqala, kancane kancane lezi zindawo ziba nsundu embala, zomile futhi zinyamalale, zenze izimbobo. I-Thrips ikhetha ama-eggplants ne-pepper;



• i-woodlice. Ubukhulu bezinambuzane - 10-12 mm. Iyakhula kahle ezimweni zomswakama ophezulu, ngakho-ke isimo sezulu sokushisa sithandeka kakhulu kubo. Zilimaza izitshalo ngokufaka izimbobo ezinamaqabunga ezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene noma ezizungeze emaphethelweni. Ungayinaki utamatisi ovuthiwe namakhukhamba;



• slugs. Le nkathazo yokuhlwanyela okuluhlaza ingafakwa kalula ngaphakathi kwe-greenhouse ngenhlabathi. Ama-slugs nenjabulo adla isobhoji, iklabishi, utamatisi, izithombo ze-pea. Isifiso sabo sinomusa. Ngesikhathi esisodwa, bakwazi ukubhubhisa cishe wonke amahlumela ensimini. Ama-slugs ayithwala ama-bacteria ahlukahlukene awangalimaza izitshalo ngangokunokwenzeka;



• isicabucabu. Inambuzane enonya. Ubukhulu bomzimba wakhe buyi-1-2 mm. Umbala wayo uhlukile. Amathikithi anesibindi, i-orange, ephuzi futhi ebomvu. Amathikithi aphindaphindeka ngesivinini sombani futhi ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile angasakazeka kuyo yonke indawo yokushisa. Ungakwazi ukuyiqaphela ngamaphuzu avela emaceleni eqabunga kanye newebhu elincanyana elibopha yonke indawo yamaqabunga neziqu;



• i-whitefly (butterfly white american). Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ziyi-greenhouse noma i-greenfly ebamba ukushisa, i-whitefly iklabishi. Ubude balezi zinambuzane abudluli 3-4 mm. Amaphiko evemvane amhlophe futhi agcwele uhlobo lokumboza kwe-wax. Ingozi yezitshalo akuzona kakhulu i-whitefly ngokwabo, njengendwangu yabo njengobumba obucwebezelayo, abawufihla ubuso beqabunga. I-Plaque ivuselela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-soot fungus, engalimaza isitshalo futhi ibhubhise;



• weevil. Lezi zimbongolo ezincane zombala omnyama ne-proboscis spout eside. Ezinqolobaneni zokugcina izithombo ezivame ukuhlala okusajingijolo-sitrobheli weevil. Isigungu sidla amahlumela, izimbali, amaqabunga, amagxolo kanye nezimpande zezitshalo;



• amacimbi. Isibonakaliso sokuba khona kwabo ku-greenhouse - amaqabunga aphikisiwe kuwebhu. Lezi zinambuzane zifihle ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kweqabunga futhi ziyidla ngaphakathi;



• I-Colorado ye-potato beetle. Ngokuvamile, i-Colorado ye-mbatata beetle "ihlwitha amehlo" kubalimi emibhedeni ngamazambane, kodwa ngokuvamile ingena ezindlini zokugcina izithombo. Unombala ophawulekayo: ophuzi okhanyayo onemivimbo emide yesikhumba eside. Ukuheha utamatisi wakhe wokushisa, upelepele nama-eggplant.

Isitha esikhulu izitshalo zokushisa

Phakathi kwezinambuzane eziyingozi ezitholakala ezindlini zokugcina izithombo ingozi enkulu kunazo zonke yi-spider mite.

KUBALULEKILE! Ngenxa yokuphila kwe-spider mite, izitshalo ziyafa ngokuphelele!

Kulimaza

Ukubukeka kwezibungu zesicabucabu ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo kungabonakaliswa ukulimala komzimba kumaqabunga alezi zinambuzane. Ukusabalalisa amachashazi amhlophe kuvela ebusweni beqabunga, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana i-web lapho inambuzane ihamba khona.

Isibungu se-spider sanda ngokushesha ngokusheshayo. Amantombazane asebenzayo futhi angabeka amaqanda ka 300-400 ngamunye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingxenyamakazi zesifazane zinezinhlobo ezimbili: uhlobo olulodwa lwezinhlobo phakathi nenkathi yonke ehlobo, enye ivela ekwindla, elishisayo futhi ibeka amaqanda entwasahlobo. Ngonyaka umjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo uvela kusuka ku-20 nokuningi. Isimo sezulu sokushisa siyipharadesi lalezi zinambuzane.

Phakathi nesikhathi lapho umkhaza uhlala khona kuphela esitshalweni, ulimaza wonke amaqabunga ayo. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukuhamba phezulu iziqu, izinambuzane eziyingozi zibhubhisa amaqabunga amancane nezithelo. Ijusi yeselula - ukudla okuyinhloko kwezibungu zesicabucabu. Amaqabunga aphelile aphelile, afe, isitshalo siyafa.

Ungasusa kanjani?

Ukulwa nale nambuzane akungabongi. I-Mite iguqukela ngokushesha ezinhlobonhlobo zamakhemikhali, ngakho-ke ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali anobuthi kungabangela ukulimala kakhulu kunezitshalo. Abalimi abaningi nabalimi bakha izindlela zabo zokuqeda izibungu zesicabucabu futhi bahlanganyele ngokuzithandela okuhlangenwe nakho kwabo emaforamu kuyi-intanethi.

Nazi ezinye zezindlela eziphumelelayo nezithandwayo:

• umswakama ophezulu. I-Mite ayibekezelelisi umswakama ophezulu, ngakho-ke ku-greenhouse kufanele kube phezulu (85%);
• ukushintshaniswa kwamasiko. Izinhlobo zezinambuzane ezimbi kabi utamatisi, imifino ewuthandayo yikhukhamba, kuyinto efiselekayo yokunye okutshalwe kulezi zitshalo;
• In the abamba ukushisa kungaba ukuze uhlale e-phytoseiulus noma e-predatorokuyinto isicabucabu isibeletho ukudla. Ungathenga lezi zinambuzane kunoma iyiphi i-biolaboratory;
• ukuvimbela. Ukuvimbela ukuhlasela komkhaza, kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokucophelela amaqabunga ezitshalo. Uma kutholakala izinambuzane, susa amaqabunga abathintekayo ezitshalweni bese uwashisa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuze ukhule futhi ulahle ukhula oluvela kubamba lokushisa (isikhumba sesicabucabu sivame ukungena phezu kwokhula ngenxa yokungabikho kokunye ukudla).

Uma lezi zindlela zingenamandla okulwa nokuhlasela kwesicabucabu esitheni sokushisa, kufanelekile ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokulawula eziqinile:

• sishaye isibabule sama-colloidal. Dissolve ama-80 amagremu wesibabule ebhakedeni lamanzi, faka izitshalo njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-10-15;
• "Bitoxibacillin". 100 amagremu we-powder ibhakede ngalinye lamanzi. Sula izitshalo ezithintekile kanye nezinsuku ezingu-10-15;
• Uma lesi sitshalo sisakaze kuzo zonke izakhiwo zokushisa, ukuchithwa kufanele kwenziwe kaningi - zonke izinsuku ezingu-5-7.

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kufanele usebenzise i-chemistry:

1. "Actellic".
2. "Fitoverm".

Uma usebenzisa la amakhemikhali, kufanele ulandele ngokucacile imiyalelo ephaketheni.

KUBALULEKILE! Lezi zidakamizwa zinobuthi. Ukusebenzisana nabo kufanele kwenziwe ngezingubo zokuzivikela, izibuko kanye namagilavu.

Ukubonakala kwezintuthwane

Izinkinga ezinzima zisongelwa ukubonakala kwezintuthwane ku-greenhouse. Lezi zinambuzane ezincane zingalimaza kakhulu izimpande zezitshalo. Ukutholakala kwabo ku-greenhouse kungatholakala ngamanzi amancane emhlabathini kanye nezinambuzane ngokwawo, ngezikhathi ezithile ezibonakala phezulu.

Ukulwa nabo

Kunezindlela eziningi zokuqeda izintuthwane ku-greenhouse. Kufanelekile ukuzama ukubhekana nalesi "isifo esibuhlungu", ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izindlela zokwelashwa, ukuze ungalimazi izitshalo nomhlabathi.

Izindlela zabantu zokuqeda izintuthwane:

• i-garlic. Izintuthwane azibekezeleli iphunga elicijile lika-garlic futhi zivame ukuphuma ekamelweni lapho likhona khona. Izinhlayiyana zikagalikhi kufanele zidibanwe ezindleleni ezincane, kanye nasemigodini;
• borax. Ukuhlambalaza ngokungeziwe kwalesi sici esonakalisayo kungasulwa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zokushisa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ucezu lwesilwane esilisiwe kufanele luxubane nengxenye yepuniji ye-borax;
• umlotha oshisayo. Fafaza ngomlotha wezinambuzane kanye nezindlela ezimbi;
• i-millet groats. Izintuthwane ziyakuthanda imilenze, kodwa ayikwazi ukuyigaya futhi ife ngenxa yokuhlanjalazwa. Ama-Groats adinga ukufafaza ngokuzungezile emkhatsini we-mink kanye nasemigwaqweni yezinambuzane.

Uma izindlela ezibalulwe ngenhla zinganiki umphumela oyifunayo futhi izintuthwane ziyaqhubeka zihamba ngokuzithoba ngomoya oshisayo, kuzodingeka zisebenzise amalungiselelo amakhemikhali. Ephumelela ngokukhethekile empini yokulwa nezinambuzane izidakamizwa zezidakamizwa "Ukuduma" kanye ne-capsule ye-bait "Absolute".

Ukuvimbela

Ngabe kanjani nokuthi yini okufanele ukhathalele ukushisa okushisa entwasahlobo yezinambuzane zesicabucabu? Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho nabalimi batusa ukucubungula ukugcina izithombo zokushisa ekwindla nangemva kokuvuna noma entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo.

Ngaphambi kwenqubo yokucwiliswa kwe-disinfection, i-greenhouse kufanele ihlutswe ngaphakathi ngaphakathi ngejet enamandla ye-hose nekhambi eligxile le-sese. Ukuhlanza ngokucophelela amalunga ezindonga, amashalofu kanye nama-racks.

Than

Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha abamba ukushisa emthonjeni wokulwa nezilokazane nezifo. Eziningi zazo zinobuthi, kodwa lokhu akukwazi ukugwema, ngoba lezi zidakamizwa ziphumelela kakhulu:

1. Umhloli wesibabule. Ukuqeda izinambuzane nokuvimbela ukuqhuma kwabo okunye kuzosiza isulfure bollard (engasetshenziselwa izakhiwo zensimbi zensimbi). Ibhola lifakwa enqenqenqenqenqenqenqemeni, lushiswe ngomlilo. Esikhathini sokubamba ukushisa phakathi nale nqubo kuyadingeka ukuvala iminyango kanye namavents ngokuqinile. Kuvinjelwe ukuba kungaphakathi ngaphakathi egumbini ngesikhathi sokukhipha i-disinfection. I-greenhouse kumele ihlale ivaliwe amahora angu-24.
2. I-sulfate ye-Copper. Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokungasebenzi nge-disinfection ukwelashwa nge-sulphate yethusi. Izipuni ezimbili zamavitriol, insipho (imvuthu ye-nastrogat) ihlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Zonke izakhiwo zegumbi ziphathwa ngalezi zakhi. Emva kwalokho, inhlabathi endaweni yokushisa ebizwa ngokuthi "Fitosporin". Izwe, ama-humus ezindlini zokugcina izithombo kufanele afakwe ngaphambi kokucubungula.

Le vidiyo izokusiza ukuthi ubone nokuthi ungaphatha kanjani ukushisa okushisa entwasahlobo noma ekwindla ezivela ezinambuzane nezifo:

Kulula kakhulu ukuvimbela ukubonakala kwezinambuzane ezilimazayo ekushiseni okushisa kunokuba uzilahle isikhathi eside futhi ngezinye izikhathi awuphumelelanga, ubuthi inhlabathi nokuvuna esikhathini esizayo ngamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene. Kwanele ukugcina i-greenhouse ihlanzekile, isebenzise inhlabathi yekhwalithi eqinisekisiwe, ivame ukushintsha ungqimba lomhlabathi.