Ukutshala ama-strawberries kudla isikhathi. Elinye lamazwe aphumelele kakhulu kule nkinga iFinland. Iphethe indawo ehamba phambili emakethe yalesi silo esimnandi, naphezu kwesimo sezulu esinzima kuleli zwe elisenyakatho. Ukutshala ama-strawberry eFinland kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni kwezolimo.
Izimiso eziyisisekelo zokulima
Ukutshala ama-strawberry nge-Finnish ubuchwepheshe kwenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili: ensimini evulekile nasezikhungweni zokugcina izithombo. Isici esiyinhloko - izwe elingaphansi kwezitshalo lihlanganiswe nefilimu; le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-mulching. Le nqubo ikuvumela ukuba uvune emavikini angu-7-8 emva kokufakelwa kabusha. Isizathu sokungabi nalutho okunjalo ukushisa okusheshayo kwenhlabathi. Futhi, le ndlela ayivumeli amasokotti aqinile futhi ukhule ukhula.
Izindlela zokulima ama-Strawberry eFinland zihlukile kwezinye izindlela esizisebenzisayo; ukukhiqiza kuxhomeke ekutshaleni kwabantu. Ngokuvamile kuba izitshalo eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-20-45 ngehektha ngalinye. Izithombo zitshalwe kude ku-25-30 cm phakathi kwamahlathi.
Isimo esibalulekile sokukhiqiza okuphezulu ukukhetha kwezinhlobo zezitshalo. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-strawberry zithandwa kakhulu eFinland: "Senga Sengana", "Bounty", "Crown", "Honey", "Rumba". Ama-strawberries aseFinland ahlukaniswa ngokusabalalisa kokuqala nokunambitheka okukhulu.
Uyazi? E-Hollywood, abaningi bahlezi ekudleni kwe-sitrobheli. Imiphumela iyamangalisa: ungaphenduli 2.5 kg ezinsukwini ezingu-4.
Okudingayo ngenqubo ye-Finnish
Ulwazi oluyinhloko kunoma yikuphi ubuchwepheshe bokukhula kwezitshalo zaseFinland yifilimu. Isigqoko se-mulch sisetshenziselwa ukufika ezindaweni ezingu-1 no-2. Esimweni sokuqala, uzodinga ukugqoka ifilimu yemitha eyi-1, futhi ukuhluma kwemigqa emibili kusetshenziswa i-1.2-1.3 yamamitha wefilimu. Kungaba izinhlobo ezahlukene: abamnyama, abamnyama abasebenza kahle ekukhuleni kwezitshalo, kodwa kusebenza kakhulu ekwehleni imisebe yelanga, okungabangela ukuba isitshalo some. Kukhona ifilimu emhlophe, kodwa uma uyisebenzisa, kuzodingeka ulinde isikhathi eside.
Ungasebenzisa izinto ezivela ku-polypropylene indwangu engavunyelwe. Izindleko zezinto ezinjalo ngokuvamile aziphezulu kakhulu, kodwa kunengozi ukuthi isivuno ngeke sivikeleke ngokwanele. I-teknoloji exoxwe ngayo ye-strawberries ekhulayo idinga uhlelo lokunisela. I-hose idonswa embhedeni wonke, izimbobo ezincane zenziwa kuwo bese zifakwa emhlabathini ngokujula okuncane. Ngakho isivuno sivikelekile ngokuvikelwa ekumeni.
Indlela yokulungisa isayithi lamajikijolo
Ukuze wenze i-strawberry isivuno esihle, ubuchwepheshe be-Finnish busetshenziswa, okusetshenziselwa ukukhetha icebo elivulekile elikhanyayo. Le ndawo akumele ivuleke kusukela eningizimu ngezakhiwo noma izihlahla. Umhlabathi kufanele ubonise ukusabela okungahambi hlangothi noma okubuthakathaka. Ukulungiswa komhlaba kuqukethe ukugcwalisa ngamanyolo e-organic and amaminerali kanye nokukhishwa okulandelayo. Ukutshala umhlabathi esakhiweni kungenziwa ama-humus, umquba wezinkukhu noma ama-nitrogen ane-mineral compounds.
Kubalulekile! Ukugxila ngokweqile emhlabathini wenkukhu yomquba kungabangela ukushisa nokubhubhisa ngokuphelele izitshalo.Emva kokucebisa inhlabathi, kufanele ikhululiwe ukugcwalisa umhlabathi nge-oksijeni futhi ngokusabalalisa isakaza umanyolo kulo lonke ivolumu. Hlanganisa ubuso kancane ukuze usebenzise kalula.
Ukuhlelwa kwemibhede
Ngemuva kokulungiselela, ungaqala ukwakha amathafa. Zitholakala kahle ekuqondeni ukusuka eningizimu kuya enyakatho - ukwenza izimo zokufudumala okukhulu ngemisebe yelanga.
Ubude bezingqimba buxhomeke kubukhulu besakhiwo, futhi ububanzi bunqunywa inani lemigqa yama-strawberries. Kungaba yinye, imigqa emibili noma emithathu. Imigqa emifushane ayinconywa ngenxa yokukhathazeka kokunakekelwa kwamaberry kanye nobunzima bokufinyelela kwe-oxygen enhlabathini ngaphansi kwefilimu.
Indlela ejwayelekile yokufika emigqa emibili. Kule nkinga, ububanzi be-ridge buba ngu-80 cm. Ukuhlukaniswa kwemigqa eyi-60 cm. Imigwaqo yokutshala ama-strawberries usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-Finnish kufanele iphakanyiswe cishe ngo-10 cm. Lokhu kudinga ukufudumala okungcono komthamo wonke wenhlabathi.
Kubalulekile! Uma umhlabathi uhlanganiswa nendawo yokukhula yesihlahla se-sitrobheli, isitshalo singase sife ngenxa yokubola kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezifo.
Imibhede ephakeme
Embhede ayizange ihlehlise futhi ihlale efomini yayo yasekuqaleni, imiphetho yayo idinga ukulungiswa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa ibhodi, kusuka kulo udinga ukufaka ibhokisi ngaphandle kokuya phansi kuze kube ngu-50 cm high - lokhu kuzoba luhlaka lwakho lomgwaqo.
Ubungako bemibhede ye-sitrobheli buzobe bukhululekile, kuye ngokuthi ukhetha kanjani ukuvuna. Khona-ke emaceleni emibhede sibeka ama-racks aphezulu kusuka ku-20 kuya ku-30 cm, sifaka ifreyimu, kuyadingeka ukuthi indawo ibe kahle futhi ifakwe kahle. Ama-Strawberries emibhedeni ephakeme izonikeza isivuno esihle uma unomhlabathi ovundile ohlakeni lwakho, okumele ugeze kuwo entwasahlobo.
Imibhede ephakeme inezinzuzo ezimbalwa ezindaweni eziseningizimu, ngoba umhlaba ungena umoya ophuthumayo ezindaweni ezinjalo, okunciphisa ingozi ye-powdery isikhutha kanye nokubola okungcolile, futhi amajikijolo avuthwe ngokuphelele. Kunoma yikuphi isimo sezulu nakwezinye izimo zezulu, uzokwazi ukufeza isivuno esikhulu, ngenxa yobuchwepheshe beFinland bokutshala ama-strawberry emibhedeni ephakeme. 
Ukutshala i-Strawberry technology
Okokuqala, abalimi balungisa inhlabathi yezithelo ezizayo zokutshala. Bamba umhlaba, ukhula, bese bewukhulula ukuze kungabikho ama-clumps amakhulu emhlabeni, ngenxa yokuthi inhlabathi isetshenziswa nge-oxygen. Kubalulekile ukukhetha isayithi ngaphambi kokufika. Khetha okunye okungazange kukhule khona lutho ngonyaka ngaphambi kokufika.
Khona-ke izwe ligcwele kahle. Abalimi abanolwazi bayalulekwa ukuba basebenzise umanyolo wemvelo, njengamafutha wehhashi, ama-humus, umquba. Ngokuvamile, ububanzi bemibhede buyi-80 cm. Imibhede idinga ukuma amasonto amabili, futhi ngalesi sikhathi ulungiselela uhlelo lokunisela. Ngemuva kokulungiselela i-hose yokusilela ibeke phakathi kwemigqa. I-hose ngokwayo isuselwe emhlabathini ngokujula kwe-4-5 cm, futhi ukuphela kwe-hose kuvaliwe ipulaki.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuthakazelisa bokutshala ama-strawberry ama curly, ama-strawberries ampelous, emibhedeni yemipiramidi, emibhedeni eqondile, e-hydroponics, e-greenhouse.Ngemuva kokuba umhlabathi engadini usuhlezi phansi futhi usuphelile, ungaqhubeka esiteji sokusebenza nefilimu. Le filimu iphikisana futhi ivikelekile ngamatshe noma amabhodi azo zonke izinhlangothi zensimu. Ama-Strawberries atshalwe emigodini yokusika ukuze izihlahla zingaphazanyane, kunconywa ukuba zifake iphethini lokuhlola. Ukuchelela kokuqala kwemigodi kumele kwenziwe ngesandla, bese ngosizo lwesistimu yokuchelela efakwe.
Ngemuva kokuvuthwa kwe-strawberries, izakhamuzi zasehlobo ngokushesha zikhetha amajikijolo avela ku-ifilimu. Njengoba ungabona, indlela yaseFinland yokutshala ama-strawberries ilula, ayonayo futhi ayinamandla kakhulu. 
Izici zokunakekelwa
Ukuze i-berry, itshalwe ngokusho kobuchwepheshe beFinnish, ukuze ijabule ngokuvuna okukhulu, kuyadingeka ukuba unakekele kahle ukutshala kwayo. Ukunakekelwa kanje:
- ukuchelela njalo ngamanzi abandayo, kodwa akufanele avumele amanzi amaningi kakhulu;
- ukufaka umanyolo ngokufanele ngamanyolo;
- ukwelashwa okuvimbela ukuhlwanyela kwezifo nezilokazane;
- ukususwa njalo kwezintuthwane.
Uyazi? Kunzima ukukholelwa, kodwa ama-strawberries angcono futhi aphumelele kakhulu kunamazinyo wokugcoba amazinyo.
Izinzuzo zokutshala ama-strawberries usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-Finnish
Lapho utshala izithombo usebenzisa ukubhoboza okumnyama kweplastiki. Ikhiqizwa eFinland, ngokwezibalo, ihlanganisa 80% ezindaweni ezitshalwe. I-Finnish impahla yokumboza inekhwalithi ephezulu nokuqina.
Ama-strawberries aseFinland atshalwa ngezindlela ezilodwa namabili zomugqa. Uhlobo lokuqala lokuphuma, ukugqoka ama-strawberries ngobubanzi bamamitha ayi-1 sisetshenzisiwe, okwesibili ngamamitha ayi-1.2.
Izinzuzo ze-mulching:
- ukuqoqa ezindaweni ezingenhla ze-nitrate nitrogen, okuthuthukisa izinga lokudla kwesitshalo;
- ukwanda komsebenzi wezincane ezincane zenhlabathi;
- isithiyo ekukhuleni kokhula;
- ukuqiniswa kwamazinga omswakama;
- umgoqo wezindawo zokuthutha iziqhumane;
- amajikijolo angangeni enhlabathini, agcine isethulo sabo;
- ukushisa okufanako kwenhlabathi.
