Umuthi we-apula we-Golden Kytayk uyoba umhlobiso omuhle wensimu yakho.

Igolide ye-Chinese okubonakalayo izimfanelo zabathengi abaphansi.

Kodwa-ke, lezi yi-apula amahle kakhulu okwenza imishaja, ukudla kwezingane namajusi, ngakho-ke lezi zinhlobonhlobo zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni.

Ensimini, i-apula elinjalo ngokuvamile lidlala indima umuthi wokuhlobisa.

Uhlobo luni?

Izinhlobo zehlobo zifaka izinhlobo ze-apula: i-Melba, i-Gorno-Altaisk, i-Gornist, i-Malinovka, i-Apple Spas, i-Yandykovskoe, i-Hero yosuku, i-Wonderful, i-Terentyevka, i-Silver Hoof, i-Solntsedar, i-Glory kuya owinile, i-Korobovka.

Ukuvota

Kuvela ngenxa yempova yezimbali ze-apula ezihlukahlukene ezivundisayo, njengoba izihlahla ze-apula ziyingxenye yazo uhlobo lokuzimela. Okungcono, izitshalo zezitshalo ezinhlobonhlobo ezimbili ekude kwamamitha amahlanu ukusuka komunye nomunye.

Izinhlobo zempova: Grushovka Moscow, Bulk White kanye Papirovka.

Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo ze-Golden Golden

Ukubukeka kwezihlahla ze-apula kubonakala ngokuphakama okuphakathi, umqhele okhanyayo okhanyayo kanye nezithelo ezincane eziphuzi.

Isihlahla obukhulu obuphakathi ngesimo esihle somqhele wokukhala. Amagatsha anemibala ephuzi e-orange. Umqhele uhamba kancane futhi uphansi.

Amahlumela aphuzi okwesibhakabhaka, omncane futhi aqondile. Leqabunga umbala obala obala. Unomumo owenziwe nge-sertations emaphethelweni.

Amanqina ahlanjululwa futhi ahlala isikhathi eside. Izihlahla zama-apula zesiShayina zivame ukusetshenziselwa izinhloso zokuhlobisa.

Incane kakhulu (isilinganiso sesisindo sesisindo singama-gramu angu-40) umthunzi omuhle obushelelezi ophuzi, kodwa ngezimfanelo eziphansi zabathengi.

Inyama ye-apula inemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nge-tinge ephuzi, ukuguquka kwe-grainy.

Ama-apula amnandi ukunambitha nge ukunambitheka kancane okumuncu.

Isithombe

Umlando wokuzala

Umlimi wokuqala wehlobo we-apula I.V. Michurin. Yenziwe ngokuzalanisa Ukugcwalisa amhlophe namaShayina.

Isifunda sokukhula kwemvelo

Izindawo zemvelo zesihlahla sama-apula segolide zase-Chinese zikhona North-West naseVolga-Vyatka esifundeni saseRussia.

Noma kunjalo, lezi zihlukahlukene zihambisana kahle. kwezinye izifunda ezinomlilo.

Izinhlobo ze-Apple zifanele ukutshala kulezi zifunda: I-Pepin Saffron ne-New Cinnamon, i-Young Naturalist, i-Solntsedara Sunlight.

Uma izimo zezulu azifaneleki ngokwanele. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukunakekelwa okufanele, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukutshala isihlahla (bheka ngezansi).

Ukuthela

I-apruiting tree isihlahla isiShayina siyeza ngonyaka wesithathu ngemuva kokufika.

Ukuvusa izithelo zenzeka ekupheleni kukaJulayi (izinombolo ezingaba ngu-25).

Isivuno sesilinganiso somuthi - 100 kilogram.

Kungakapheli isonto emva kokuvuna, izithelo ze-apula kufanele zisetshenziswe.

Isihlahla se-Apple kakhulu ephahliwe ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa.

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa

Kusukela ekunakekeleni ngokuqondile kuxhomeke ekuvuneni kwe-apula. I-Kitayka Golden Apple Tree ukunakekelwa okungazenzisi. Lapho utshala isihlahla usebenzisa umquba omdala.

Ukufika okufiselekayo kwegolide le-Chinese ekwindla (ekupheleni kukaSeptemba - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba).

Khona-ke udinga ukukhetha indawo yokufika, kufanele kube:

• endaweni enelanga;
• kude namanzi angaphansi komhlaba (kufanele uqaphele le nto, ngoba i-China ayihlali uma lesi simo singagcinwa);
• ngenhlabathi evundile;
• izindawo ezihlanjululwe kahle nge-pH ka 5.5-6.5.

Lapho ukhetha isithombo, kubalulekile ukucabangela lokhu okulandelayo:

Kudingeka ukhethe izithombo ngesistimu yezimpande ezithuthukile futhi uzithenge endaweni ehambisana nezimo zezulu;

Kungcono ukhethe ukuthungwa kwe-sapling, bese kulungiswa ngokushesha emhlabathini endaweni okhulile kuyo.

Izitshalo ezinezimpande eziveziwe kufanele zifakwe emanzini ngehora ngaphambi kokutshala.

Okulandelayo, udinga ukulungisa izimbiza zokufika. Kulungile ukukwenza inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokufika.

Imingcele efanele yomgodi wokutshala i-apula yokuhlobisa: 1x1x0.7m

Ingqimba engenhla yomhlaba oqoshiwe ixubene nesendlalelo esingaphansi kanti umanyolo olandelayo uqaliswa:

Umgodi ugcwele ingxube yomhlaba ngomanyolo we-2/3. Kusukela phezulu bathululela inhlabathi evundile ngaphandle kwemanyolo. I-Pit yaphuzisa futhi iphinda igcwalise ungqimba lomhlabathi ovundile.

Ngonyaka olandelayo ngemuva kokufika, entwasahlobo, kubalulekile ukwakha umqhele wamahlamvu izihlahla ze-apula. Kubalulekile ukunciphisa ekupheleni kwegatsha ngalinye.

Eminyakeni emibili yokuqala kubalulekile ukuthi isihlahla se-apula sasiboshwe emgodini wezinkuni (kungcono ukusebenzisa umuthi we-linden noma i-hazel).

Kuyadingeka iminyaka emine noma emihlanu yokuqala, ungavumeli umuthi we-apula uthele izithelo (kubalulekile ukukhetha u-80-100% wezimbali).

Ngonyaka wokuqala ngo-Ephreli, kubalulekile ukunisela izihlahla ezinezingxube ezivikela izilokazane.

Le nqubo kufanele yenziwe kabili:

• lapho amaqabunga eqala ukuvuvukala emagatsheni;
• ngaphambi kokuqhakaza.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-apula ayidingi umanyolo okhethekile.

Ukunakekelwa okuyisisekelo phakathi neminyaka emihlanu yokuqala emva kokutshala:

• ukubopha izihlahla ukuvikela emagundeni kanye nezinhlamvu (impahla - isikhumba, lapnik);
• ukuxubana nemibuthano ye humus pristvolnyh;
• ukuphakama komhlaba kuze kube ukuphakama kwamasentimitha angamashumi amabili.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Ngokuvamile, isihlahla samaShayina sigolide ngaphansi kwezifo ezilandelayo:

• isikhala;
• isikhumba se-powdery;
• tinder

Isihlahla se-apula segolide sibonakala ukumelana nokuqina kwe-scab.

Isici salesi sifo ukuthi okokuqala kuthinta amaqabunga omuthi, bese ushukumisela isithelo.

Isiqu sihlala siphilile ngokuphelele.

Isizathu salesi fungus sivame kakhulu ukuqhuma emoyeni ngaphakathi komqhele isihlahla noma umswakama ophezulu

Izimpawu zokuqala isikhumba ukubonakala kwezindawo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emaqabunga, futhi kunombalwa omkhulu obuncane obuncane, okwenzela i-crust, amabala ezithelo.

Ukuze ugweme umonakalo wesikhumba, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa i-apple kwesihlahla sama-apula kwezinye izitshalo ensimini, uqaphele ngokucophelela isitshalo futhi uhlaziye njalo futhi uchithe umhlabathi.

Ukuvimbela isikhumba: ukwethulwa komlotha emhlabathini, ukwakheka komqhele, ukondla ngamanyolo we-potash, ukufaka umquba nge-compost.

Ngokuvamile emisebenzini kukhona amacala uma isihlahla samaShayina se-Golden Golden sibhekwa isikhumba se-powdery.

Idonsa likaMealy - lesi sifo sefungal. Isibonakaliso saleso sifo siwukubukeka kwe-mycelium ukhunta ngesimo seqhwa elimhlophe emaqabunga emithi.

Ngokuvamile isifo sibonakala ngemuva kwemvula enamandla. Ukwelashwa kwenzeka emthini kusuka phansi kuze kube yilapho kuhlaselwa ngokuphelele esihlahleni.

Indlela engcono yokulwa nalesi sifo ukuwuvimbela, okuqukethe:

• impova ye-sulfur colloidal kanye nama-copper;
• ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobonhlobo ngokumelene nesifo;
• ukubhujiswa kwezakhi ezithintekile;
• ukufaka umquba we-potash nohlobo lwe-phosphorus.

Tinder mushroom kuthinta kakhulu isiqu se-apula, kodwa kuthinta isithelo ngokungaqondile.

Kubalulekile ukuqeda ukukhunjulwa okunjalo ngokushesha.

Ukuhlala nsuku zonke kwefungus emagqabeni kudonsa amandla amaningi nezakhi ezidingekayo ukuze kube khona i-apple evamile. Uma ungenjalo, inqubo yokubhujiswa ingacatshangwa.

Uma ngabe amakhowe engakabi kanzima kakhulu, ungayisebenzisa ejwayelekile engadini ummeseukuze usiqede. Uma le fungus ishaya umuthi kabi, yaba mkhulu kakhulu futhi kunzima kakhulu, kufanele usebenzise i-ax.

Izinkuni ezempilo zizohlupheka ngokwemvelo.

Kubalulekile ukubhubhisa i-fungus ngezimpande zayo. Uma kungenjalo, emva kwesikhathi esithile, i-mushroom "ihlezi" futhi endaweni efanayo.

Emva kokukhipha isifo, indawo lapho akhule khona izidingo sanitized.

Into eyinhloko ukuthi ukusika ngisho, ngokuvamile kuvame ukwenza okwenziwe ukusikeka okuningi.

Ukucubungula kufanele kwenziwe i-sulphate yethusi, emva kwalokho kuyinto efiselekayo ukupenda phezu kwendawo ephathwayo upende lwamafutha.

Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, isilonda maduze sizoba isidleke ngezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinambuzane.

Izithelo ze-apula I-Kitaiki igolide iyadingeka ekwakhiweni kwemikhumbi ehlukahlukene, igcina, ama-juice, ama-compotes kanye nokudla okuhlukahlukene kwezingane. Ama-apula anayo ubumnandi obuhle uju. Izihlahla ze-Apple zinhle futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa ensimini. njengomuthi wokuhlobisa.