I-Quarantus - Lesi yisikhathi esihlala njalo sesihlumela. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo kuhluka kusuka kumamitha angu-30 ukuya kwangu-60, iziqu zihambelana, ziqondile. Amaqabunga ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka omnyama, abushelelezi, abhinca, anezintambo ezihlukile. Izimbali ze-quarantus zingashadile, zinkulu, zibomvu, zimhlophe noma zibomvana zimibalabala, zingenakho iphunga. Isikhungo sosizi siphuzi noma sikhulu. Isitshalo sezimbali sikhona kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Okthoba, futhi emhlabathini ovulekile i-carantus ikhula njengesitshalo sonyaka.
Uyazi? Ukukhula endaweni yemvelo yemvelo, i-quarantus ikhula kumamitha nengxenye.
Ukwandisa i-quarantus phezu kwezithombo
I-Quarantus, lapho ikhulile engadini, ivame ukutshala ngendlela yokutshala. Ikuvumela ukuba uthole isitshalo esiqhakaza ngokugcwele ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Izimbali ezikhulile zingasetshenziswa njengendlela yokuhlobisa i-arbors, amathafa kanye nemibhede yezimbali.
Kungcono nini ukutshala izithombo
Ukukhula kokuhlukanisa imbewu kuyindaba elula. Into esemqoka edingekayo kuwe yinhlangano yokunakekelwa ngokugcwele kwezithombo. Kodwa-ke, uma ucabanga lapho kungcono ukutshala i-quarantus izithombo, impendulo ilula: Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo kuyoba sekupheleni kukaFebhuwari - ekuqaleni kukaMashi. 
Kubalulekile! Uma uhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo ngoFebruwari, ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe kumele kusetshenziswe.
Ukulungiselela imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala
Ukuvimbela izinambuzane ekudleni imbewu kanye nezithombo, kungcono ukuzinyuza ngosuku ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate (amagremu amabili we-potassium permanganate ngelitha ngalinye lamanzi). Imbewu ehlanganiswe ku-cheesecloth ifakwe kwisisombululo semizuzu engamashumi amathathu. Bese kuthiwa baphonswe bese bomiswa phezu kwe-rag.
Umhlabathi wezithombo zikaCarantus
I-Quarantus ithanda inhlabathi elula, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ekuvuneni. Umhlabathi kumele ube umswakama futhi uphefumule, ngoba lesi sitshalo asibekezelele umswakama omile. I-substrate ingathengwa esitolo noma uzipheke. Ukuze ukulungiswa kwe-substrate kuthathe isilinganiso esilinganayo senhlabathi engadini, i-peat nesihlabathi. Inhlanganisela elandelayo kufanele isetshenziselwe ukubulala amagciwane.
Uyazi? Abantu bane-quarantus banamagama amaningi: "I-Vinka", "I-periwinkle yama-Pink", "Lochner", "Cayenne Jasmine".
Inqubo yokuhlwanyela
Ukuhlwanyela kwe-quarantus kwenziwa emabhokisini okutshala, noma izinkomishi zeplastiki (njengoba kulungile kumuntu), futhi izitsha zomhlabathi akufanele zigcwaliswe phezulu kakhulu, ukuze kube khona indawo yokwengeza inhlabathi. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela ukuhlukanisa izitshalo, kufanele udle kancane umhlabathi ulinde kuze kufike umswakama. Imbewu isakazwa ngokulinganayo emhlabathini, bese ihlanganiswa nenhlabathi. Ukujula kwe-seeding akufanele kudlule ngamamentimitha amabili.
Izimo zokuhluma imbewu
Ukuze imbewu ihlume kahle, izitsha zimbozwe nge-polyethylene emnyama, noma zithunyelwa ukuba zihlume endaweni emnyama ngomoya wokushisa hhayi ngaphansi kuka-25ºC. Amahlumela azovela ezinsukwini ezingu-7-10. Lapho nje izithombo sezikhuphukile, izitsha zihanjiswe ekukhanyeni, futhi izinga lokushisa eliphansi liye lancipha libe ngu-18 ... + 25ºC.
Ukunakekelwa kwesithombo
Ngokuba i-quarantus, hhayi ukufika kuphela kubalulekile, kodwa nokunakekelwa okufanele. Inhlabathi ezungeze izithombo kumele ihlale ikhululiwe futhi iseliswe kumshini wokufafaza, futhi njengoba kungenzeka ukuba idonse i-quarantus ngemuva kokubonakala okungenani amaqabunga amathathu, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ukuze kungalimazi izimpande. Izitshalo zokuhlalisa ezitsheni ezihlukene noma amabhokisi ezitshalo ekude okungenani amasentimitha angamatshumi amathathu komunye nomunye. Amahlumela abonakale eqala ekuqaleni futhi aqinise uhlelo lwempande, ngakho-ke ingxenye engenhla ingakhuli isikhathi eside. Ukutshala izithombo kuqala kwezinsuku ezingamashumi amabili emva kokuvela kwazo. 
Kubalulekile! Zonke izingxenye zama-lochners zinobuthi, ngakho-ke bonke abasebenza nabo baqhutshwa ngamagilavu.
Ukutshala kahle kwezithombo ze-quarantus emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukuze amandla okukhula nokucubungula kwe-carantus avezwe ngokugcwele, kudingeka futhi ukhethe indawo efanele yokutshala izithombo ezikhulile, nokugcina imigomo nemithetho yokutshala izithombo, uzokwenza izimo ezihle zokuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo.
Lapho ukutshala izithombo
Isithombo seCarantus kancane, futhi ukwehla kancane ekushiseni kungaholela ekufeni kwezithombo. Ngakho-ke, ukufika kwalo emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa ngoMeyi, lapho usongo lwe-frosts entwasahlobo seliphelile.
Ukukhetha indawo yokutshala izithombo
Lapho ukhetha indawo yesikhathi esizayo sezimbali, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi lezi zitshalo azifani nemimoya ebandayo nezindawo ezinomthunzi. Njengoba ikhula emthunzini, imbali iyakhuphuka futhi iyeke ukuhluma, okusho ukuthi izindawo ezishisa, ezifudumele nezokunethezeka ezimabhodleleni zingcono kakhulu zokutshala i-quarantus.
Inqubo yokutshala izithombo
Uma uphonsa izithombo ze-quarantus esitsheni sezingcezu eziningana, kuyadingeka ukutshala ngaphandle kokuhlukanisa izihlahla. Ama-rhizomes of sprouts ahlangene kakhulu, ngakho ngokuhlukanisa izihlahla, ungalimaza izimpande komunye nomunye, okuzoholela ekufeni kwesitshalo. Ngakho ukuthi amahlumela amancane angashiywa embizeni, aphuziswa kahle ngaphambi kokutshala.
Ukuhlanganiswa nezinye izitshalo
Kunoma iyiphi i-flowerbed, i-quarantus izohlanganiswa kahle neminyaka ephansi (petunia, lobelia, marigolds) kanye nezitshalo ezingapheli zomhlabathi (periwinkle, purslane). Ngenxa yokufana nokuma nombala wembala ye-balsamic vinka, izingoma ezinhle zitholakala kulezi zitshalo ensimini yembali.
Uyazi? Ubuningi bezimbali buxhomeke ngqo ekushiseni okumsindo. Ukushisa kungaphandle, izimbali eziningi zise-quarantus.
Nakekela ukuhlukanisa ngaphandle
I-Quarantus idinga ukuthi ukulima kwayo nokunakekelwa okulandelayo kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nayo yonke imithetho yokuzalanisa izitshalo zezimbali. Njenganoma yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, kudinga ukuchelela okufanele, ukudla nokusika.
Ukuhlanganisa iziqongo
Uma ufuna ukuba nesihlahla se-cayenne jasmine embhedeni wakho, kufanele nakanjani uphonse lapho isitshalo sifinyelela ukuphakama kwama-10-15 cm. Ukugubha isihlahla kuvuselela i-branching ye-trunk ephakathi, futhi lapho i-branched ihlala khona kakhulu, izimbali eziningi zikhona. Ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala emva kokuphuma kwi-flowerbed, i-pinching iwayini iyenziwa kanye ngesonto.
Ukuphuza njalo
Indlela yokuphuza i-carantus, kulula ukuqagela. Njengoba liwumbala wezhisayo, kudinga ukuchelela njalo futhi kunomusa unyaka wonke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kudingekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi apheli. Ngenkathi yemvula enkulu, lesi sitshalo kufanele sivikeleke ezifweni ezingenzeka, ngakho ibanga eliphakathi kwezihlahla ezitshalwe akufanele liphazamise ukungena kwemvelo. Kumele ukhethe igolide lezincazelo zakho lapho uchitheka i-caratrantus, njengoba libekezelela ngokulinganayo kokubili ukuma nokwehla ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi. I-Quarantus ithanda umoya omanzi futhi iphendula kahle ngokupomfa njalo.
Kubalulekile! Amaqabunga okuhlukaniswa komuntu ahlukaniswe ngenxa yokuntuleka komswakama emhlabathini. Uma uphuza amanzi amaningi ngesikhathi esizayo, kuzoba khona ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
Indlela yokugqoka
Njengazo zonke izitshalo eziqhakazayo, i-quarantus idinga ukuncelisa njalo (njalo ngezinsuku eziyishumi) ngeziqu ezikhethekile eziyinkimbinkimbi zezitshalo zezimbali. Qala ukudla okunje kusukela ngesikhathi sokuqala kokuqhakaza. Izitshalo zihlanjululwa emanzini ekamelweni lokushisa, ngokusho kwemiyalelo.
Ukudubula
Ngokuyinhloko, izitshalo ezikhulile endlini zingadinga ukusika izihlahla. Ngokujwayelekile, le nqubo yenziwa entwasahlobo, kanti izibonelo ezikhulayo ngaphandle ziphela ehlobo. Uma ufuna ukufezekisa imigomo ehlose ukuhlobisa, i-quarantus emgwaqweni kufanele inqunywe njalo. Isithombe sizosusa izimbali amasonto amaningana, futhi isiqu sesitshalo sizokhukhula, uthathe ukubonakala okunjengesihlahla.
Izindlela zemifino zokukhiqiza i-quarantus
Uma ufuna izimbali ze-quarantus ensimini zibe okuningi kakhulu kunalokho empeleni, akunandaba. Okungenani isihlahla esisodwa, ungathola inombolo efunwayo yezimbali usebenzisa izindlela zokusakaza zemifino.
Uhlukanisa isihlahla
Ukuhlukanisa i-shrub kuyindlela elula yokuzala i-quarantus, njengoba izihlahla ezigcwele zihambisana kahle nale nqubo. Sebenzisa le ndlela yokukhiqiza kusukela ngo-Mashi kuya kuMeyi. Ingxenye ehlukanisiwe yesihlahla ibekezelela kalula ukufakelwa kabusha futhi iqala ukukhula ngenkuthalo. I-delenki ephumela kungatshalwa emabhokisini nasemhlabathini ovulekile.
Cuttings
I-cuttings ye-cataractus yenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho iqeda khona iziqongo zezihlahla ezindala ngamakentimitha angu-10-12, inquma amaqabunga aphansi okusika. Izingxenye ezisusiwe zesitshalo zifakwa emkhunjini ngesisombululo se-stimulator yokukhula kwezimpande noma endaweni encane eyenziwe ngomumo omanzi (inhlabathi evundile ehlanganiswe nesihlabathi ngokulinganisela okulinganayo). Ukucubungula i-cuttings ku-substrate, ihlanganiswe nge-can futhi ibuke ukuthi izinga lokushisa elisezingeni eliphansi aliwi ngaphansi kwezimpawu ezingu-20 ° C.
Ibhange ngezikhathi ezithile kudingeka lisuswe ukuze lifakwe emoyeni futhi lifake isitshalo. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingamashumi amabili, lesi sitshalo sizosiqothula futhi imbiza ingasuswa bese isihlahla sitshalwe sibe yiphuzo elihlala njalo.
Ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane
Ngenxa yobuthi bayo, i-carantus ibhekwa njengesitshalo esingamelana nezifo nezinambuzane. Emoyeni esomile, ngomoya ophansi omswakama, ungahlushwa yi-aphid, i-mealybug, izibungu zesicabucabu, i-whitefly nezinambuzane ezincane. Ngakho-ke, ngokushesha nje uma ubona ukuba khona kwalezi zinambuzane, udinga ukwelapha ngokushesha isitshalo ngesisombululo samanzi asozini. Futhi, ukugqwala okubomvu, okubonakala lapho inhlabathi igxile kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi kubangela ukungahambi kahle kwi-quarantus. Uphawu oluphawulekayo lomsebenzi walo lubukeka bezilonda ezisemkhatsini ophansi weqabunga.
