I-Aspergillosis yisifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa isikhunta se-Aspergillus, esithinta izinambuzane ze-serous nesistimu yokuphefumula. Lesi sifo singenzeka kunoma isiphi isilwane.
Njengomthetho, izinkukhu zinesinye sezimo ezimbili zesifo: Cihla. I-aspergillosis enjalo ibhekene nokuqubuka okukhulu kwezilwane ezincane.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlukumezeka nokufa kuphezulu. Okungapheliyo. Ngokuvamile kubonakala ekukhuliseni abantu abadala.
Kungaba futhi izindlu zezinkukhu nezinyoni ezivela emhlambini omdala. Lesi sifo sihlala singelapheki singavamile. Lokhu kwenzeka uma izinyoni zihlala endaweni elinganiselwe.
Kuyini i-aspergillosis ezinyoni?
U-Aspergillosis ugula kokubili izinyoni ezifuywayo nezinyoni zasendle. Ngakho-ke, bonke abantu kufanele babhekwe njengabathwali bokutheleleka.
I-Aspergillus fungi, ngenxa yalesi sifo, yatholakala ezinkukhu ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19.
Ngokuvamile, i-aspergillosis ihlupheka ngamadada, ama-swans, ama-jay, ama-turkeys nezinkukhu. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, intsha ibhekwa njengento ezwela kakhulu kwi-pathogen.
Ngokokuqala ngqa, isikhunta isikhunta sitholakala ohlelweni lokuphefumula kwezinyoni ngo-1815.
Kwakuyi-A. Meyer eJalimane owatholile u-Aspergillus emagqabeni e-bronchi nekhanyayo.
Kamuva, ngo-1855, uG. Fresenius ocwaningweni wambula i-mushroom ohlelweni lokuphefumula.
Lawa kwakungama-sacs emoyeni namaphaphu. Usosayensi wabiza i-Find Aspergillusfumigatus. Lesi sifo ngokwaso saziwa ngokuthi i-aspergillosis.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kutholakala ukuthi ukutheleleka okunjalo kwenzeka ezincelweni eziningi ezincelisayo ngisho nakubantu. Lesi yi-mold mycosis evame kakhulu, ebhaliswe emazweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele.
Lesi sifo sibangela ukulimala okukhulu kwezomnotho ezinkukhuleni zezinkukhu. Ngakho-ke, ukufa kwe-stock esincane kufana phakathi kwama-40-90%.
Ama-Causative agents of the disease
Ezinkukhu, i-aspergillosis yenzeka ngenxa ye-Apergillus flavus ne-fumigatus.
Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube ezinye ezinye izinambuzane. Kuyaziwa ukuthi isikhunta esinjalo sivame ukutholakala enhlabathini, ukudla okusanhlamvu kanye nezindaba zokuzala.
Amakhomikhali ayesabi ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa. Zakhiwa ngenkuthalo ngisho nase-45 ° C. Ezinye zezilwane ze-Aspegillus ziphikisana namakhemikhali, kuhlanganise namagciwane e-disinfectant fluids.
Ukutheleleka kwenzeka nge-aerogenic ne-feedary. Ngokuvamile, abantu bayagula, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi i-aspergillosis iba yanda kakhulu.
Ukuqhamuka kwayo kwenzeka kuphela uma kunenani elithile lezincane ezincane. Kulesi simo, ngokuvamile umthombo wesifo uba nesibindi esithathelwanayo endlini.
Futhi, isizathu singase sibe ukwephulwa kokumelana okubangelwa ukucindezeleka, ukudla okungalungile noma ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokuzivikela.
Izilwane ezigulayo nezinyoni - lokhu kungenye imithombo yokutheleleka, ngoba imfihlo yabo igciwane imishini ekamelweni nokudla.
Izifundo nezimpawu
Izinkukhu zivame ukungenwa yindlela yokudla, okungukuthi, isikhunta singena emzimbeni kanye nokudla okuqukethwe kuwo.
Ngokuvamile, izinyoni zihlushwa yi-inhalation yezinhlamvu. Ukutholakala okukhulu kwezinkukhu kuphawulwe esiteji sokukhushulwa. Ngakho-ke, ukumiswa kwe-gelatinous ne-Aspergillusfumigatus kungena ebusweni bamaqanda.
Izimpawu ezisemqoka yizo:
- ukuphefumula;
- ukuphefumula okusheshayo;
- ubunzima bokuphefumula.
Ezimweni eziphambili, ukuvuthwa kungase kuzwakale. Izinyoni ezithintekile azifuni ukudla, zigcwele futhi zilele. Lapho igciwane lezinhlobo ezithile zezincane ezincane, kungase kube nokulahlekelwa kwesilinganiso, kanye ne-torticollis.
Ngokuya ngobudala benyoni, lesi sifo singase sibe nesisindo esiqinile, sibheba noma singapheli. Isikhathi sokugxilwa ngokuvamile sihlala izinsuku ezingu-3-10.
Esikhathini esiyinkimbinkimbi, le nyoni isuke ingasebenzi futhi cishe inqaba ukupha. Unenqwaba yezinpaphe namaphiko aphansi.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lowo muntu ubonakala ephuthumayo futhi ephuma emgodini wezintambo. Ifomu eliyinkimbinkimbi ngokuvamile lihlala ezinsukwini ezi-1 kuya kwezingu-4, kanti ukufa kungu-80-100%.
Muva nje, eRussia, i-alopecia ezinkukhu emakhaya ijwayelekile. Yazi isitha ebusweni!Awazi ukufudumala indlu? Funda mayelana nokugxiliswa kwe-foam phansi kule ngqungquthela!
Ifomu le-Subacute livame ukuhlala ngesonto, kancane kancane - izinsuku ezingu-12. Inyoni egulayo inzima ukuphefumula ngokushesha., futhi lowo muntu udonsa ikhanda lakhe avule umlomo omkhulu.
Njengoba i-aspergillosis ivame ukuthinta ama-sacs emoyeni, ukushaya ngekhanda nokuvuthwa kuzwakala ngesikhathi sokuphuza. Kamuva kunesifo sokudla, ukoma okukhulu kanye nesifo sohudo. Izinyoni ngokuvamile zifa ngenxa yokukhubazeka.
Ukuhlonza
Ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa kudinga uhla lwezinhlolo zokuhlola. Ngokuvamile, ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngemuva kokufa kwenyoni. Zonke amasampula kumele ziqoqwe besebenzisa ezinye izinhlobo zokulwa nezifo.
I-material eyalandela ihlwanyelwa esikhulwini esifanele somsoco. Ngokuvamile lokhu ku-agar asekelwe nge-dextrose noma ikhambi le-Czapek.
Izivivinyo ze-serological azikho inani elikhethekile. Lokhu kungenxa yemvelo engahambisani nezinhlobo ze-antigens.
Ukwelapha
Lapho ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswa enyoni egulayo, i-nystatin iphathwa njenge-aerosol.
Ngokuvamile, le nqubo ithatha amaminithi angu-15 futhi yenziwa izikhathi ezingu-2 ngosuku. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengesiphuzo udinga ukunikeza inhlanganisela yama-60 ml amanzi kanye no-150 mg we-iodide ye-potassium. Ukuqapha okukhethekile kufanele kuhokhwe ekudleni nasezimweni zokuboshwa.
Enye indlela yokwelashwa ihilela ukondliwa kwe-nystatin ngesilinganiso se-350 IU ngamanzi e-litre kanye nokwelashwa kwe-aerosol ekamelweni izinsuku ezingu-5.
Ku-1 m3 kuyokwanela 10 ml isisombululo se-iodine 1%. Umphumela omuhle unikezwa ngokupuniza i-iodine monochloride noma isisombululo se-Berenil 1%.
Ngemuva kokuqeda umthombo wokutheleleka, le nyoni kufanele ivuselelwe. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhipha ekudleni konke ukudla okuthinteka yi-Aspergillus amakhowe.
Igumbi lapho umuntu ogulayo egcinwe khona kumele abe ukukhipha amagciwane nge-sodium hydroxide solution 1% noma isisombululo se-alkaline se-formaldehyde 2-3%.
Ukuvuselelwa kwemishini kanye nendlu yonke kufanele ikhethe i-Virkon-S. Ngemuva kwalokhu ukwelashwa, kunconywa ukuthi igumbi lihlanjululwe nge-lime slaked 10-20%.
Ukuvimbela
Njengengqinamba yokuvimbela, amathangi amanzi okuphuza kanye nokudla kufanele ahlanzwe futhi aphethwe yi-disinfected nsuku zonke.
Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ekusakazeni i-aspergillosis, kubalulekile ukwengeza isixazululo sethusi sulfate emanzini ngezinyoni ku-1: 2000.
Noma kunjalo, le ndlela ayikwazi ukubhekwa njengokwethenjelwa kakhulu. Ochwepheshe abancoma ukuthi bayisebenzise kaningi.
Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokugoma e-Aspergillusfumigatus kuvunyelwe. Ukunciphisa inani lama-microorganisms kufanele njalo livuselele igumbi. Ukuphumula kwemvelo kungcono kule njongo.
Uma ukuqubuka kwalesi sifo kusekhona epulazini lezinkukhu, konke isethi yemisebenzi:
- ukuhlonza yonke imithombo yokutheleleka;
- ukukhishwa ekudleni kokuphakelayo okusolisayo;
- ukubulawa kwezinyoni ezigulayo esezivele seziqala ukukhubazeka;
- ukuchithwa kwegumbi egumbini phambi kwezinyoni;
- ukubhujiswa okwesikhashana kwesikhumba kanye nayo yonke imfucuza.
Ngenxa yalendlela enamandla, ukufa kwezinyoni kunganciphisa noma ukutheleleka kungagwenywa ngokuphelele.
