I-Favus, isikhumba (Favus) - ukutheleleka kwefungal. I-agent causative yalesi sifo yi-fungus ye-genus Favus, ene-brance mycelium encane.
Lesi sifo singunaphakade, esibonakala izilonda zesikhumba kanye nama-appendages alo. Izinguquko ezincane-ezishintshayo ezivela kumasayithi wezilonda zivela ezindaweni ezithintekile zesikhumba. Ngokuvamile lesi sifo sithinta isikhumba, izimpaphe, izinhlanzi kanye nezitho zangaphakathi.
I-agent ye-Causative ebizwa nge-Trichophyton. I-T. gallinae Megnin ibangela izifo ezifuywayo nasezilwaneni zasendle, kanye nasezilwaneni nasezinyoni ezikhulile kwezolimo. Kusukela ezinkukhu, i-turkey, izinkukhu namadada zigula ngesifo.
Iyini inkohliso ezinyoni?
I-scung fungus yabonakala kuqala futhi yafundiswa ngo-1839 yiDokotela waseJalimane uJohn Lucas Schönlein.
I-biology ne-morphology yale fungus iye yacwaningwa ngokucophelela, izifundo zishicilelwe kokubili nakwamanye amazwe ezincwadini zezokwelapha.
Imisebenzi ephelele kakhulu kule sihloko yimisebenzi ye-Peak, i-Viruzhsky, i-Unna ne-Krall. Emisebenzini yabo, izifundo zaqhutshwa emiphumeleni yesikhumba kokubili abantu nezilwane nezinyoni.
I-fungus evamile kakhulu e-Asia naseMelika, kodwana ngesilinganiso esikhulu noma esincane, itholakala kuwo wonke amazwe lapho ukulima kweenkukhu ezimboni kuthuthukiswa khona. Umthombo wesifo ungaba nezinyoni ezithathelwanayo, kungenzeka futhi ukudluliswa okungaqondile (ngokuxhumana ngokuqondile nezinto eziqukethe i-pathogen).
Izinkomba zomnotho zomonakalo obhekene nezifo akuzona ithemba elikhulu.
Umonakalo ukhona ekulahlekelweni kwamafutha ezinkukhu, ukukhiqizwa okuncishisiwe, isifo sobuningi, futhi, ekugcineni, ukufa okuvela emanzini (ngezokwelapha okwanele, iphesenti lokufa kuyinto encane). Ingxenye ebalulekile yomonakalo yindleko ezidingekayo ukwenza izinyathelo zokuvimbela.
Ama-Causative agents of the disease
I-Trichophiton Gallinae (i-Trichophyton. T. gallinae Megnin) yi-agent ye-causative yezinkukhu ezinkukhu.
Lapho kutholakala ulwazi lwezinto eziphilayo, ama-multi-side noma ama-round spores abonakalisiwe, atholakale ngesimo seqoqo noma ngamaketanga.
Lapho ufunda isikhumba sezinwele esithintekile, kubonakala ukuthi izakhi ze-fungus zitholakala ngobude bayo. Amaconsi amafutha amancane namabhulebhu emoyeni atholakala ezindaweni ezithintekile.
Lezi zici yilokho okuhlukanisa i-Achoreon le-fungus kusuka kuma-dermatophyte afanayo. Isici esithile sokuthi izinwele azikaze zigcwaliswe ngokuphelele ngefungus..
Ngenxa yalokho, izinwele zigcina ubude bayo, aziphuli, kepha ngesikhathi esifanayo zishintsha umbala - ziba grey. Izintambo nezinhlamvu ze-fungus favus zingaphandle kwezinwele, zihlasela izimpaphe ezinkukhu ezinjengama-inkukhu.
Ukuvela kwesifo kufaka izinkukhu ezigcwele kakhulu. Kuholela ekulimaleni okwenyuka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wezinyoni. Ezimweni zobunzima, isikhumba sisanda kancane, kodwa inani lezinyoni ezithintekayo lingabonakala liphawulekayo.
Izimpawu kanye nenkambo
Umfanekiso wesitholampilo wesifo uhluke kuye ngezimo zokutheleleka.
Ngokutheleleka kwemvelo, isikhathi sokukhushulwa singahlala izinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngokutheleleka okufakelwayo, lesi sikhathi kuphela amasonto amathathu kuphela.
Izinkukhu zingase zithatheleleke izinkukhu. Noma kunjalo, izimpawu zomtholampilo zivele zivele zisekhulile. Ngokuvamile, le nqubo iqala ku-crest, i-periorbital face part, indlebe lobes. Ku-turkeys, le nqubo iqala, njengombuso, endaweni yomlomo kanye naso, bese isakazeka esiqongweni se-scalp nama-corals.
Uma uhlola ngokucophelela izindawo ezithintekile ngokusebenzisa iglasi lokukhulisa, uzobona ama-specks amancane ahlangana phakathi kwabo. Isilonda esibucayi sibonakala ngokubonakala kwe-overlink. Khona-ke amabala amhlophe kancane kancane athola i-tint ephuzi ephuzi, ama-crusts anesimo se-concave nokungahambisani okungafani.
Ukuba khona kwemfundo kubonisa isigaba sokugcina sesifo, lapho inyoni ilahlekelwa khona amanoni ayo, iphela, i-anemia ivela, kanye nesifo sohudo. Uma lesi sifo sidluliselwa ngegazi eliyingozi, izinkinga ezimbi kakhulu zenzeka - ekusebenzeni amathambo nemisipha zithintekayo, ezimweni ezingavamile - ubuchopho.
Ukuhlonza
Uma kwenzeka isifo sinesifiso, njengombuso, kukhona isithombe esitholakala emtholampilo, izilonda ezivame ukubonakala kalula.
Ngakho-ke, ukuxilongwa ngokungafani nokuxilongwa akubangeli izinkomba ubunzima obukhethekile. Ukuhlukanisa nabo kusukela ku-trichophytia ne-microsporia kuvumela isimo sezinwele esilahlekelwa ubushelelezi nombala, siba somile futhi siphume kalula.
Ngemuva kokuhlolwa okujwayelekile, ukuhlolwa okuncane kakhulu kwezinto zokwelapha kwenziwa, okuqinisekisiwe ukuthi kutholakala yini. Okokuqala, i-favus iyatholakala izici zishintsha ezinkukhu ezisezintabeni nasezintabeni.
Kusukela ku-pathological material ukukhetha i-favus elula. Amakholomu we-fungus abonakala ngokukhula okusheshayo, ukukhanya okukhanyayo kwe-mealy, isikhungo esiphakeme kanye nemifantu ephakeme ekhona nxazonke.
Ukuhlola okufuywayo kwezinkukhu ezafa ngenxa yesifiso sezinkukhu kubonisa isithombe esilandelayo.:
- ukukhathala;
- i-anemia;
- ukutholakala kwezindawo ezingalindelekile;
- isikhwama;
- ama-nodules kanye nezilonda zitholakala kwi-goiter, emathunjini nasezindaweni eziphezulu zomoya;
- Izidumbu zinephunga elizwakalayo legundane.
Ukwelapha
Emapulazini amakhulu ezinkukhu kuqala ubala ukutholakala kwezomnotho kwemisebenzi elandelayo.
Kuye ngemiphumela, le nyoni ingabhubhisa noma iphathwe.
Lokhu kwenziwa okulandelayo ukuphatha lesi sifo.:
- ukwelashwa nge-fungicidal ointments;
- i-griseofulvin ngaphakathi;
- ukwelashwa okubuyisela emuva.
I-skutules ephumela kuphethwe ngamafutha angama-3% noma ama-5% e-creolin, i-tar nesibabule ngokuvamile isetshenziswa kusuka kumafungicides.
Ochwepheshe bacubungula ukwelashwa okudidiyelwe kunabo bonke ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela yamathuluzi. Isibonelo, isibabule sisetshenziselwa ukwengeza u-10% we-sulfate yethusi kanye no-5% saliclic acid.
Izindlela zokulawula nokuvimbela
Kuze kube yimanje, kuthathwa izinyathelo zokuvimbela kuphela, njengoba kungekho zindlela zokuvimbela izifo zokuvimbela izifo.
Uma lesi sifo sitholakale emapulazini amakhulu ezinkukhu eqenjini lonke lezinyoni, leli qembu elithelelekile libhujiswa.
Ukuze kuvikelwe lesi sifo lokhu okulandelayo okuhlanzekile kwezilwane nemithi kanye nezinye izinyathelo zenziwa.:
- ibhizinisi libikwa kabi;
- ukuhlukaniswa kwezinyoni ezigulayo nezinsolo;
- ukumisa ukuvinjelwa ekuthengiseni nasekuthukelweni kwezinyoni ezigulayo;
- Izakhiwo ezivuliwe zihlanza kahle;
- ukuchithwa kwe-disinfection kwenziwa ngezixazululo ezishisayo zama-alkali, i-lime esanda kumuncu nesisombululo se-carbolic acid;
- irradiation izinyoni ethintekile nge izibani ultraviolet;
- uthathe izinyathelo zokubhubhisa izinambuzane nezidumbu.
Ukuzalwa kwezinkukhu Bielefelder - izinyoni ezinhle ezingahlobisa noma yiliphi igceke.Uma unesithakazelo sokuhluma ukolweni, okungukuthi ungawuhlwanyela kanjani, khona-ke kufanele nje ufunde lokhu!
Ukususa imingcele kwenzeka kwezinsuku ezingu-21 ngemuva kokuba inyoni egcina igciwane ibuyele. Ngaphambi kokususwa kwemingcele, imicimbi kufanele ibanjwe okungenani kanye ngezinsuku ezingu-10.
