I-Avitaminosis D yezilwane zezilwane zibiza ukungabi khona kwevithamini yegama elifanayo emzimbeni wenkukhu.
Iqiniso liwukuthi le vithamini ithatha ingxenye esebenzayo ezinkambisweni eziningi ezenzeka emzimbeni wenyoni, ngakho ukulahlekelwa kwayo ngokushesha kuthinta isimo sayo.
Kuyini ukutholakala kwe-vitamin D ezinkukhu?
I-Avitaminosis D ibonakala uma kungabikho lutho noma ukungabi khona kwevithamini D okwenziwe ngenkukhu. Kuyaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi le vithamini ibandakanyeka ezinkambisweni eziningi zomzimba ezenzeka emzimbeni wabasha. Kungakho ukungabi nomthelela omubi esimweni esiphezulu sezinkukhu nezinkukhu ezincane.
Le vithamini idlala indima ebalulekile ekugulweni kwamaminerali.. Ngokusanda kutholakala, kwatholakala ukuthi kungenza kube lula ukutholakala kwamanoni e-calcium ngokusebenzisa udonga lwamathumbu ngamaprotheni akhethekile.
Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa kwaleli protheyini kuxhomeke kakhulu ku-vithamini D. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi i-vitamin D itholakala kulezo zindawo lapho kukhona ukushintshaniswa okusebenzayo kosawoti.
Isigaba sengozi
Indima yamavithamini isanda kusungulwa ososayensi abathintekayo ekuhloleni izinkukhu.
Kuphela manje kungenzeka ukuthi uthi ngokuqiniseka ukuthi yiziphi izinqubo vitamin D ezithintekayo.
Ngeshwa lolu hlobo lwe-beriberi alubonakali ngokushesha, kodwa emva kwesikhathiNgakho-ke, ngisho nomlimi onenkukhu onokuhlangenwe nakho okukhulu ngeke akwazi ukuqonda ukuthi imfuyo yakhe iyini.
Ochwepheshe bathole ukuthi ukungabi khona kwevithamini D akubonakali ngokushesha, kodwa amasonto ambalwa emva kokungondleki.
Konke lokhu, kufanele athole ukuxuba okuphansi kokudla ukuze zonke izinkukhu zizwe ukungabi nalutho kwe-vithamini ebalulekile. Kodwa-ke, izinkukhu eziphethwe yi-avitaminosis D esiteji sokuqala zingakafi ngokushesha, okulungile kumbelethi.
Uthola isikhathi esanele sokulondoloza zonke izinkukhu. Izifo eziyingozi kakhulu izifo ezithathelwanayo ezingaba ngokushesha zibulale zonke izinyoni epulazini.
Ukubonakala kwezinkukhu Intamo encane ayidonseli bonke abantu. Thola ukuthi lolu hlobo luthandwa kakhulu.Imiphumela ye-beriberi C ezinkukhu ahluke ku-beriberi D. Ungafunda ngokungafani okuvela lapha.
Ukuze izinkukhu zife noma ziqale ukuhlupheka, ukutholakala kwe-vitamin D kufanele kube yindlela eyinkimbinkimbi, njengama-rickets. Lesi sifo kunzima ukuphulukisa, ngakho-ke lezi zinkukhu zivame ukubulawa, kepha lokhu kungagwenywa ngokuqapha isimo sabo ngesikhathi.
Izizathu
I-Avitaminosis D ikhula emzimbeni wenkukhu ngenxa yokuntuleka kwaleli vithamini.
Njengomthetho, imbangela yanoma yisiphi i-avitaminosis yokudla okungondleki komuntu omdala noma inyoni encane..
I-Avitaminosis D ivame ukuboniswa kulabo bantu abadla ukudla ngesilinganiso esanele noma ukungahlali okuphelele kwaleli khemikhali ewusizo.
Esinye isizathu esingaba khona sokuntuleka kwe-vitamin D enkukhu kungabizwa ukukhanya okuphansi endlini kanye nokuhamba okungavamile. Le vithamini iqala ukukhiqizwa ngamandla ngaphansi kwesenzo se-ultraviolet, ngakho-ke izinyoni, ezingavamile emoyeni, zivame ukwandisa ukungabi nalutho kwe-vitamin A.
Ngezizathu ezifanayo, kwenzeka ezinkukhu ezihlale zihlala emabhokisini avulekile ngaphandle kokukhanyisa okwanele. Kulesi simo, i-vitamin D yokuqala ihamba kancane noma ishiya ngokuphelele, okuthinta ngokushesha izinkukhu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukutholakala kwe-vitamin D kungenziwa ezinkukhu ngenxa yokuthi noma yiziphi izifo zesimiso sokugaya ukudla. Kulokhu, i-vitamin D iyakhiwa ezinkukhu, kodwa ukugoma emathunjini amancane akukwenzeka, ngakho-ke ngisho nokudla okunempilo kanye nezithako eziqinile ngeke zikwazi ukwelashwa kuze kube yilapho isifo sezinambuzane ezincane kanye neminye iminyango yabo siphathwa.
Izifundo nezimpawu
Ngokuntuleka okubonakalayo nokungabikho okuphelele kwe-vitamin D emzimbeni wenkukhu, izinqubo ezihambisana nokumuncwa kwamanoni e-phosphorus avela emathunjini amancane abe ngegazi ziphazamiseka ngokushesha.
Kancane kancane, ukuhlushwa kwalawo usawoti kunciphisa, okubangela ukubambezeleka ekuthuthukiseni izilwane ezincane. Njengomthetho, kubonakala ngokunciphisa amathambo amathambo.
Umzimba wenyoni encane izama ukukhokhela ukungabi khona kwamavithamini. Ngokuba lokho kwandisa umsebenzi wezinhlayiya ze-parathyroid kanye nama-gland adrenalesheshayo ukukhipha ama-salcium usawoti emathanjeni enkukhu.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isikhumba se-pituitary kanye ne-thyroid gland baqala ukusebenza kancane, okuholela ekuthuthukiseni amathambo okungavamile ezinkukhu.
Ziyakwazi ukukhubazeka futhi zanciphisa, i-epiphyses iba yimbi kakhulu, imigqa ayinamatheli umthwalo futhi inyembezi, ihlukumeza amalunga. Amapayipi amancane kakhulu ama-stockings amancane ahambisana nokuntuleka kwe-phosphoric ne-calcium usawoti emkhakheni wokudla okunomsoco.
Izinkukhu ezindala ezingu-10-15 ezinamavithamini D ezilahlekelwe ukudla nokubuthakathaka. Izilwane ezincane azinawo amandla okuqapha izinqwaba zazo, ngakho-ke ziba zingcolile futhi zichithe amandla, ngezinye izikhathi ukulahlekelwa kwayo kungabonwa.
Ngemuva kwamaviki angu-2-3 e-avitaminosis ezinyoni ezincane, izinga lokuzivocavoca liyehla, njengoba ukuxhumana kokuhamba kuqala ukuhlupheka, futhi izinkukhu azikwazi ukuhamba ngendlela evamile.
Eceleni ne-cloaca, izimpaphe ziba mnyama ngenxa yokuhuda ephikelela. Ngokuqondene namathambo enyoni, inkuni futhi ihluma, iba lula futhi iguqule isimo ngisho nangaphansi kwengcindezi encane.
Amakhulukazi asezindaweni zasemaphandleni namanje bayathanda inzalo yezinkukhu zaseYerevan. Phela, akusizi ukuthi izimo ziboshiwe futhi ziyakwazi ukuthwala kahle!Ukuze uthole ukuthi ungakanani ukupheka ummbila epanini, hamba lapha: //selo.guru/ovoshhevodstvo/ovoshhnye-sovety/ckolko-vremeni-varit-kukuruzu.html.
Izinhlanzi ezingaphezulu nangaphansi zikhuphuka, zingase zenzeke, njenge-rubber. Ngaphambi nje kokufa, izilwane ezincane zihlangabezana ne-osteomalacia - ukuphelelwa amandla okuphelele. Izinkukhu zilele phansi emgodini ovulekile, zilula izinyawo zazo zife kanjalo.
Ku-broiler izinkukhu, lezi zimpawu zivela ngokushesha kakhulu, ezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-10 ubudala. Bangabhekwa ukungazweli okuphelele, isimo esimpofu sempaphe, kanye nokuhamba ezinxenyeni zesithende. Abakwa-Broilers bayeka ukuzuza isisindo, ngakho balala ngemuva kwezinkukhu ezinempilo ngo-50%.
Ukubeka izinyosi eziphethwe yi-avitaminosis D ziqala ukubeka amaqanda anegobolondo elithambile. Ngokuhamba kancane, amaqanda-ebekayo ayeka ngokuphelele, ngoba izinkukhu azikwazi ukuhlala ngokujwayelekile. Njengomthetho, bayakwazi ukuthatha i-penguin posture. Wonke amathambo enduku ekhulile aqala ukuguqula nokunciphisa, ukuhlanekezela ukuhamba kwenyoni. Kukhona ukubambezeleka ekukhuleni kanye nenani lamaqanda elibekwa.
Ukuhlonza
Ukuxilongwa kwe-avitaminosis D kwenziwa ngesisekelo somfanekiso womtholampilo jikelele, idatha ye-autopsy yezinyoni eziwile, kanye nokuhlaziywa kokudla izinyoni ezidla ngaphambi kokufa.
Lokhu kucabangela izinga lokuqukethwe kwabo, izinga lokukhanyisa, inani lamahora okuhamba.
Ukuze uphawule ukuthi le nyoni ibhekene nokuntuleka kwe-vitamin D, Ochwepheshe bathatha ukuhlaziywa kwe-yolk of amaqanda ezigabeni nasegazi.
Ezimweni zokubeletha, izinto eziphilayo zihlaziywa ngokuqukethwe kwe-phosphorus, i-calcium, i-salts kanye ne-citric acid. Ukuhlushwa okujwayelekile okwezinyosi emzimbeni wenkukhu kufanele kube kusuka ku-5.0 kuya ku-6.0 mg%.
Ukwelapha
Ngesikhathi samahhala, izidingo zezinkukhu zika vithamini D zihlanganiswe ngokuphelele ngokuhlanganiswa kwayo kusuka kuma-provitamini, afika nefolda eluhlaza ngaphansi kwesenzo selanga.
Yingakho kudingeke ukuba ukhiphe izinkukhu eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanti nokuhlinzekwa ngesikhathi esifanele sezulu esihle.
Kumele uqaphele ukuthi ngezikhathi ezahlukene zonyaka, izinyoni ngezindlela ezahlukene zidinga i-vithamini D. Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, izinkukhu kumele zithole i-vitamin D ngendlela yamaphilisi, izithasiselo zokudla, kanye namafomu. Ngesikhathi ukwelashwa, le nyoni kufanele ithole okungaphezulu kwalokhu ku-vithamini..
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinyoni ezincane ezigulayo kufanele zinikezwe amafutha enhlanzi ne-vithamini D emithonjeni engaphezu kwe-prophylactic 2 noma izikhathi ezintathu. Kuphumelela kakhulu ukujova amavithamini ngamagciwane, ngoba ngaleyo ndlela bamba ngokushesha emzimbeni wenkukhu enegciwane.
Ukuvimbela
Ngokwesilinganiso, izinkukhu zidinga u-0.05-1 mcg we-vitamin D, nezinkukhu ezindala zidinga 2-4 mcg.
Ukuze kuvikelwe izilwane ezincane nezilwane ezincane ezikhukhuleni, abalimi banikeza amafutha okudoba futhi bagxila kumavithamini D2 no-D3. Amafutha okudoba Kuyinto elula kakhulu ukunikeza izinyoni kanye nokudla okuphuziwe ngesilinganiso se-1 g ngalinye ikhanda ngalinye ngosuku. Izinkukhu kufanele zinikezwe u-0.5 g wamavithamini nge-100 g yokudla.
Enye indlela yokuvimbela i-avitaminosis D imisebe ye-ultraviolet yezinyoni ezindala. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ukwandise ukukhiqizwa kweqanda. Indlela efanayo iyasetshenziswa ezinkukhu ezincane.
Kungenzeka ukuthi i-irradiate izinkukhu kusuka ezinsukwini ezingu-10 ubudala kuze kube nemizuzu engu-3 ngosuku. Inkambo ye-prophylactic ihlala ngezinsuku ezingu-10-14, emva kwalokho kufanele uthathe ukuphumula okudingekayo ngezinsuku ezingu-10. Lokhu kuzosiza umzimba wenyoni ukuthi ungenele kangcono umthamo we-vitamin.
Isiphetho
I-Avitaminosis D yisifo esingathandeki esingabangela ukufa kwezinkukhu ezincane. Ukuze uzigweme, kwanele ukondla kahle abasha futhi usebenzise izinyathelo zokuzivikela, uma le nyoni ingavamile ukuthatha ilanga. Konke lokhu kuzosiza ukugcina izinkomo zezinkukhu epulazini ziphephile futhi zizwakala.
