I-Magnolia ingenye yezimbali ezinhle kakhulu, njalo iyamangalisa wonke umuntu ohambisana nobuhle bayo, i-variegation nephunga eliyingqayizivele. Abathandi bomklamo wokuhlobisa abangahlosiwe bazama njalo ukuhlobisa izindawo zabo siqu ngezihlahla ezinjengokuhlobisa, ngenkathi bezama izindlela ezahlukene. Njengamanje, abafisi bezimbali babela izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza, okuyilowo nalowo osebenzayo futhi olula ngokwanele ukuze azibonele.
Magnolia Ukuzala Izindlela
Njengayezinye izihlahla ezihlobisa izimbali, izindlela eziyinhloko zokuzalanisa i-magnolia zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili:
- Ukukhiqiza izitshalo (by cuttings kanye layering);
- Ukusakazwa kwembewu.
Ngayinye yalezi zindlela ikuvumela ukuba ufeze umgomo - ukwandisa i-magnolia. Ukukhiqiza izitshalo kulula, kuqondakala futhi kufinyeleleke kubalimi abangenalo isipiliyoni esinjalo, kodwa abantu abanolwazi oluthandayo bayathanda ukukhula kusuka kumbewu, ngoba kuyisihluthulelo sokuhlanzeka kwezinhlobonhlobo kanye nempilo ye-shrub esikhathini esizayo. Le ndlela iyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ngokuvamile ivele ibe yinto efanele.Uyazi? UMagnolia ubizwa ngokuthi yi-botanist uPierre Magnoli, owayengumngani omkhulu kakhulu kaSharya Plumier, owathola lesi sitshalo esimangalisayo ngendlela emangalisayo. Igama lokuqala lesiRussia elithi "Magnolia" laba nzima kakhulu ukubiza amagama futhi ekugcineni laguqulwa laba "magnolia" manje.
Indlela yokusakazwa ngayo imbewu ye-magnolia
Ukukhiqizwa kwembewu kuyinkimbinkimbi eyinkimbinkimbi efuna indlela ekhethekile, yingakho wonke obala izimbali efuna ukufunda indlela yokutshala i-magnolia ngembewu.. Imbewu elungiselelwe neyandulelwe ngaphambili (kuleli fomu, ngokuvamile itholakala emashalofini ezitolo ezikhethekile) ingahlwanyelwa ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile (kusukela ngoSepthemba kuya kuNovemba) noma ifakwe imbewu ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi ihlwanyele endlini encane yokushisa ebusika.
I-Magnolia Seed Stratification
Ukwakhiwa kwemvelo kuyindlela yokulingisa ngokuthe ngqo ukuthonya kwemvelo nezimo zezulu esitshalweni. Ngaphambi kwe-temkak zihlume imbewu ye-magnolia, kumele ibe ngaphansi kwe-stratification. Le nqubo iyathinta ngokuqondile imiphumela yokugcina yokuphindaphinda nokulima magnolia. I-Magnolia imbewu stratification kufanele kwenziwe cishe + 5 ° С.
Imbewu iqhwa ngokusho kobuchwepheshe obukhethekile. Kumele zihlukaniswe zibe yi-substrate ecebile kakhulu (i-sawdust, amahlamvu, ama-croup husks, hay, njll) futhi ifakwe efrijini amaviki amathathu. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, lo msebenzi okhishwa emsebenzini ususwe, udonwe ekamelweni lokushisa futhi ohlwanyelwe endaweni evulekile, egcwele umquba.
Kubalulekile! Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunzima kangakanani, noma yikuphi ukuphambene nemibandela yokushisa enconyiwe nemithetho yesondlo (izinga lokushisa kusuka ku + 1°C kuya ku- +5° С futhi ukugcinwa njalo kwenhlabathi umswakama) ngokuqinisekile kuyobhubhisa imbewu.
Lapho ukuhlwanyela imbewu
Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa emva kokuqedwa (njengomthetho, okungaphezu kuka-4), imbewu yokuqala iqala ukuchithwa, okuyisignali yokuyihlwanyela emhlabathini ovulekile, i-crate noma ibhodlela. Uma i-magnolia itshalwe imbewu, iveza i-taproot enamandla kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukukhiqiza nokutshala kabusha kufanele kube ngaphezu kuka-30 cm ukuphakama - ngaphandle kwalokho impande izophumula phansi, futhi i-magnolia izoyeka ukukhula masinyane noma ifa ngokuphelele. Ngekwindla yokuqala, izithombo kufanele zibe ngu-15-20 cm ukuphakama. 
Uyazi? Ukuqeda imbewu ye-magnolia kwandisa ukusebenza kahle kokuhluma ngezikhathi ezingaphezu kwezingu-2. Lokhu kubangelwa ukuthi imbewu ikhuni, ivumela izithombo ukuba ziphikisana kakhulu nezinguquko ezimweni zezulu, izinambuzane nezifo.
Izidingo zomhlaba
I-Magnolia shrub ayibucayi nje kuphela ekunakekeleni kokuqala, kodwa nangesimo somhlabathi. Umphumela wokuphela wokulima nokukhiqiza ngokuyinhloko unquma ukuzala kwenhlabathi kanye nokuqukethwe kwayo kwe-carbonate. Kubuye kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, ngaphambi kokufika kokuqala, uhlelo olugcwele lwamanzi kumele luhlelwe khona, olukwazi ukuqinisekisa ukugcinwa njalo kwenani lomswakama lomhlabathi.
Ukuphumelela kokukhula kungathuthukiswa ngokungeza imifino ephilayo kanye nezinhlanganisela zamaminerali emhlabathini, ezitholakalayo futhi zinikezwa cishe zonke izitolo zembali.
Kubalulekile! I-Magnolia ayibekezelelisi ukwanda kwe-acidity yenhlabathi. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukutshala kungcono ukukhetha imibhede engakaze iphathwe ngaphambili ngamakhemikhali zokwenziwa izingoma. Isixazululo esihle kakhulu ukutshala isihlahla sama-magnolia lapho ezinye izimbali zikhule khona.
Indlela yokutshala i-magnolia
Ukukhula kwe-magnolia kusuka kumbewu kufanele kuqale ngokuqamba, okwandisa kakhulu ukuhluma. I-Magnolia ihlwanyelwa endaweni ejulile ye-4 kuya ku-10 cm (kuye ngokuthi ubukhulu bomhlabathi bukhulu kangakanani). Ukuhluma kwembewu kuleli cala akungavamile ukufika ku-70%, okusho ukuthi imbewu ingahlwanyelwa kakhulu, iphinde isuke ibanga elincane. Ukukhula ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-20-25 kungatshala ngqo ensimini (ukwenza kangcono ngenkathi efudumele). Ibanga kufanele likhethwe, kucabangela ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwe-magnolia shrub.
Uyazi? Izinhlobo ze-magnolia ezincane ezincane ezincane ezivame ukukhiqizwa zivame ukhiqiza ukuzimela ngesikhathi sokushisa okufudumele kakhulu. Kusukela kulezi zitshalo kuvame ukukhula izibonelo eziyingqayizivele nezinhlobonhlobo ze-magnolia, okungafani kakhulu nesitshalo sokuqala. Kungenxa yalowo mhlaba we-magnolia ukuthi ezinye zezinhlobo zawo zanamuhla, ezithandwa kakhulu esikhathini sethu, zivele.
Ukunakekelwa kwesithombo
Ngemuva kokuba imbewu ye-magnolia inike amahlumela okuqala, inqubo yokukhiqiza nokukhula kufanele ithathwe ngokucophelela nangenhlonipho. Amahlumela okuqala yinkomba ethile yokufaneleka kwezenzo eziteshini zangaphambili. Imbewu ingeke ihlume ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngakho kufanele uqhubeke nokunakekela amahlumela.
Izithombo zikaMagnolia zakhula kusuka imbewu, kuze kube yilapho zihlwanyela ngokugcwele emhlabathini ovulekile, zizwela ekushintsheni kwezimo zezulu nezimo zenhlabathi. Ngakho-ke, phakathi kwamasonto amabili okuqala kunconywa ukuba ubuyekeze izimo ezikhululekile kakhulu zokukhula nokuqiniswa kwamahlumela e-magnolia. Yenza kube lula:
- Isiqukathi esinamahlumela kufanele sibe egumbini elinesimo sezinga lokushisa lomoya kanye nomswakama;
- Kudingekile ukudala izimo zokuhlinzekwa kwe-air uniforms kanye nokuvikela izithombo kusuka emaphethini;
- Amahlumela nsuku zonke kufanele athole ukukhanya (okufakelwayo kanye / noma ilanga) kuze kufike kumahora angu-4-6;
- Ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, umswakama wenhlabathi kufanele ulawulwe, ulondoloze ngokunisela njalo;
- Ukwandiswa okungeziwe kwenhlabathi kuvunyelwe ngenani elincani lamaminerali amaminerali;
- Ngemuva kwamasonto angu-1-1.5 emva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala, kubalulekile ukususa isitsha semifino ebuhlungu futhi encane, ngaleyo ndlela sikhulule isikhala sokuthuthukiswa nokuqinisa uhlelo lwempande lamahlumela aqinile aseMagnolia.
Indlela yokusakaza i-magnolia ngokubeka
Uma ngesizathu esithile umphumela wokukhiqiza kwenzalo awunelisekile, kuyakulungela ukusebenzisa ukukhiqizwa ngokubeka. Le ndlela iphumelela kakhulu ekukhuleni ama-shrub magnolia. Ukwenza lokhu, kwanele ukugoba amagatsha emhlabathini ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ukuyibeka ngokuqinile (ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba okuphelele), futhi kusukela phezulu uthele intaba engenalutho engaba yi-20 cm high. Ukusheshiswa kokubunjwa nokukhula kwesimiso kungase kuqinisekiswe nge-notch encane encane phakathi nendawo ye-muzzle yokufika. Ngale ndlela ungathola izithombo ezengeziwe ezi-3 kusuka ku-shrub noma umuthi ngamunye. Ukukhiqizwa ngokubeka izinto kunikeza imiphumela ngokushesha kakhulu kunokutshala imbewu noma ukusabalalisa kwe-magnolia yi-cuttings (kusukela eminyakeni engu-1 ukuya kweyesi-3). 
Kungenzeka futhi ukudala ukugoba umoya, okungahle kulungiselelwe kusukela ngoMeyi kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJuni. Igatsha lapho kubalulekile khona ukudala ukhula lwenkohlakalo emzimbeni ihlotshiswe kahle noma isuliwe ngokuphelele emagqumeni. Indawo engacacile kufanele iphathwe ngokujulile ngokukhushulwa kokukhula. Masinyane emva kwalokhu, indawo ephathwayo igubungulwe nge-moss futhi ihlanganiswe ngokuqinile efilimu.
Kubalulekile! Kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ekwenzeni ukusika nokuhlanza igatsha lezinkuni izinkuni azilimazi. Lokhu ngeke kube nomthelela omubi emiphumeleni yokwakheka kwezimpande, kodwa kungaholela eqinisweni ukuthi igatsha, bese kuthi sonke isihlahla siqala ukubola nokushabalala.Njalo ngenyanga, indawo yokuqothula kufanele ihambelane ngokugcoba umsila nge-syringe. Sekudlule izinyanga ezimbalwa, uhlelo lwempande olunezinkinga olwenziwe kahle egatsheni, emva kwalokho ekutheni i-cuttings ingasuswa futhi itshalwe njengesithombo. Izendlalelo, ukunqunywa futhi zitshalwe ekwindla sekwephuzile, ziphikisana namazinga okushisa aphansi kanye nezimo zezulu eziyingozi, okusho ukuthi ngisho nasebusika abakwazi ukumbozwa.
Ukuzala okwenziwe nge-magnolia
Abalimi abaningi kanye nochwepheshe bazi kahle indlela yokutshala i-magnolia kusukela ekunqumeni. Le ndlela yokukhiqiza iyatholakala kakhulu - impumelelo yayo incike kakhulu ekuboneni ukushisa okushisa kanye nokufaneleka kokuqaliswa kwezincomo.
Uma lezi zinqunyiwe zincane, i-greenhouse ingashintshwa yi-mini-greenhouse noma i-tank lapho phansi ingashiswa khona. Lokhu kuyadingeka ngoba ngaphambi kokutshala i-magnolia, kuzodingeka ulawule izinga lokushisa nomswakama wemvelo. Ukuphumelela kokuzalisa i-magnolia kuncike ezintweni ezilandelayo: izinga lokuvuna, ukukhetha inhlabathi, kanye nokutshala okulungile nokunakekelwa.
Ukulungiswa nini futhi kanjani ukusika
Ukuvuna ama-cuttings of magnolia akufani nenye inqubo efanayo ngokuphathelene nezinye izihlahla noma izihlahla. Ukukhiqizwa okuhle kakhulu kuphawulwe phakathi kwezihlahla ezenziwe ngamagatsha amabili ubudala. Ukulungiselela ama-cuttings kungcono kakhulu okwenziwa entwasahlobo. Ukuze ulungise ukusika kwe-rooting, amagatsha anqunywa ngokuqondile ngaphansi kwehlumela (ukuhoxisa u-2-3 mm), emva kwalokho amaqabunga amabili aphansi asuswe ngokusika, okushiya amaqabunga amabili ngaphezulu kwawo. Amaqabunga amakhulu kakhulu ancishiswe ngu-2/3 ubude. I-second undercut i-4-6 cm ngaphezu kwamaqabunga asobunxele. Ukulungiswa kokusika kufanele kugcwaliswe ngokuphathwa kwalo kwisisombululo se-roots-stimulator noma i-analogue efinyelelekayo.
Ungenza umshini wokusebenza kanye namaqabunga amaqabunga. Ukwenza lokhu, unqume ngokucophelela ipuleti leqabunga nge-scape, lapho uhlaka oluncane lwamagxolo kufanele luhlale khona. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukuthi izinso ezikhona azithintekile. Isigaba sokugcina sokuvuna ukucubungula ukusika kwezimpande zokusungula izimpande.
Uyazi? Ngokomunye wezinganekwane ezisempumalanga, i-magnolia ibonakala sengathi iyintombazane eyicelile iNkosi ukuba ibonise ubuhle beqiniso, ubukhulu kanye nesibonakaliso sokuphila. Ngokusho komlando, ekuseni ekuqothulweni kwavela umuthi omuhle kakhulu - i-magnolia. Abantu abesabayo futhi bengasamukeli lesi sipho bazama ukusika umuthi futhi bahlakaze izinsalela zayo, kodwa i-magnolia entsha yabonakala esakhiweni ngasinye sokusika.
Indlela yokukhetha inhlabathi yokutshala ama-cuttings
Okubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha inhlabathi yokutshala. Kungakhathaliseki indlela yokuzalanisa ekhethiwe, kunconywa ukuba ukhethe umhlabathi ovulekile ngokuphendula okungathathi hlangothi noma nge-asidi encane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izingxenye zokubala zibulala ngokushesha ngisho nesistimu yezimpande ezithuthukile zalesi shrub. Umphumela wokufika kwe-cut is ikakhulukazi kuxhomeke ekubeni khona kwezinsimbi zamaminerali kanye namanyolo ekubunjweni kwenhlabathi.
Phakathi kwezinye izinto, i-magnolia iyisihlahla, okukhiqizwa nakho okungenzeka futhi kusuka ekusikeni, emhlabathini onesihlabathi nomhlabathi uyoshona ngokushesha, kuze kube sekufeni. Isayithi elihle lokuhlala liwumbhede onenhlabathi evulekile, elula, ehlwanyelweyo kanye nenqubo ehlelekile yokugeleza kanye nokunisela.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa kokusika
Kubalulekile ukuqonda hhayi nje kuphela ukutshala i-magnolia emhlabathini, kodwa nokuthi ungayenza kanjani ngendlela efanele endaweni ethile. Ukutshala izihlahla ze-magnolia emhlabathini ovulekile kumele kwenziwe emva kokuba isitshalo sibe nesimiso esinamandla, esanele ngokwanele, ngenxa yokuthi ngokushesha emva kokusika nokulungisa ukusika kungcono ukutshala nokugcina izimo zokushisa. Ukufika esakhiweni, njengombuso, kwenziwa ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-2-3 ngemuva kokunqunywa. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokutshala - ekupheleni kukaJune - phakathi kukaJulayi. Kule nkathi i-magnolia ikhula kakhulu ngenkuthalo.
Umhlabathi esakhiweni sokuthutha kufanele ukhululeke futhi ukhule, futhi ube nesistimu yokunisela nokugeleza efakwe. Ngokusekelwe ubude obuphelele bokusika, kungcwatshwa ngamasentimitha angu-5 kuya kwangu-10, ukulahla inhlabathi evulekile, evundisiwe.
Ukuze isiqu siphendule kangcono futhi siqale ukukhula okukhulayo, kufanele siphuze amanzi njalo ngezinsuku ezingu-3-4, silawula izinga elihlala njalo lomswakama. Lesi sitshalo kumele siphinde sivikelwe kusuka kumashilo kanye nezinambuzane. Ukwakha ukukhula okuqondile kungasebenzisa ukuma kokusekela, kufakwe eduze eduze nesibambo. Ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo magnolia kuyafana nezinye izithombo - ukuchelela ngesikhathi, ukufaka umquba, ukwelashwa ezivela izinambuzane.
Izindlela ezihlukahlukene nezindlela zokulima nokuphindaphinda kwe-magnolia kunkulu futhi kufinyeleleke cishe cishe wonke umuntu. Ukufeza umphumela wokuzalisa i-magnolia kulandela ukulandela izincomo ezinikezwe ngenhla. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwemizamo encane ekwenzeni ukukhula kwezihlahla ezinomlando we-magnolia izihlahla zizophenduka imbali yobuhle obungakaze bube khona, okufanelekela ukuziqhenya kwabanikazi kanye nomona womakhelwane babo.
