Ama-aphid ekubuyekezweni: izinhlobo ezimhlophe, ezimnyama, zasekhaya kanye nezinye

I-Aphid - umndeni omkhulu wezinambuzane ezincelisayo ezifakwe ku-order of hemiptera. Kukhona inombolo enkulu yezinhlobo ze-aphid, ezinye zazo zixazulula futhi zilimaze amasiko athile, ezinye ziyi-omnivorous futhi zingahlala ezitshalweni eziningi.

Ungahlangana nabamele abahlukahlukene be-aphid cishe kuzo zonke izifunda zomhlaba. Yiqiniso kude akuzona zonke izinhlobo ze-aphid ezihlala eYurophu. Sizothula izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu.

Ulwazi jikelele

I-Aphid ihlala ezitshalweni bese iqala ukuncelisa ama-juice kubo, ukwakha ama-necrotic patches.

Omunye - umuntu oyedwa kuphela angeke abangele ukulimala okukhulu, kodwa inkinga yilelo izinambuzane ezincane zikhula ngokushesha futhi uhlele amakoloni amaningi. Kulokhu, kubalulekile ukwenza izindlela nezindlela ezahlukene zomzabalazo.

Ukukhudlwana kwe-aphid, izitshalo eziningi zizofa ngenxa yomsebenzi wazo. Ezinye izinhlobo ngisho kubhekwa njengezinambuzane zokuhlukanisaIsibonelo, phylloxera yamagilebhisi. Yeka ukuthi izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-aphid zibukeka kanjani, ungabheka izithombe ezithunyelwe ku-athikili yethu.

Ezinye izinhlobo zenza ama-galls kanye nezinye izifo zokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo.

I-Peach

Ama-subspecies amabili ayaziwa - i-aphid enkulu ye-peach kanye ne-greenhouse (aka akabheyi nohlaza) aphid.

Okukhulu

Umsunguli unomzimba ohlosiwe umbala obomvu obomvu, kufika ku-5 mm. Inhloko ingumnyama ngamadevu amancane. Emathunjini nasesifuba kukhona ama-tubercles amabili. Indoda ingumbala ofanayo, kodwa incane. Awekho amaphiko.

Intombazane enamaphiko ihlukaniswe nomzimba omncane - kufika ku-4.5 mm, umbala wekhanda nesifuba mnyama, emuva nangesisu kusemhlotsheni futhi kumnyama. Insizwa engenamaphiko inezinsipho ezimpunga ngesimo sepey, emboziwe, njengekhanda elinamabala amnyama. Imilenze ikhanya - ephuzi ne-orange.

Amaqanda anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuqala.okuyinto kancane kancane futhi iphenduka brown. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, kubumnyama, amaqanda abe mnyama.

• Ukusabalalisa kwezwe. Izindawo zezintaba kanye neCrimea.
• Yiziphi izitshalo ezitholakala ku? Ukukhetha izithelo nezithelo zomuncu - i-cherry plum, i-peach, i-almond, i-apricot, iplamu.
• Izici zentuthuko kanye nokujikeleza kwempilo. Yiba nomjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa monoecious. Ama-huddles amaqanda amakhulu athunyelwa ubusika, ephakathi kwamagatsha amakhulu nangaphansi kwamagxolo esiqu. Ngo-Ephreli, izibungu zivela futhi ziqala ukondla ngenkuthalo, zihamba ngomjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa kumuntu omdala ngaphakathi kwenyanga.
  Kusukela kumsunguli, izimpungushe ezingama-50-80 zivela, kusukela kuzintombi ezingenamaphiko, ngokwesilinganiso, 30. Izizukulwane zesithathu nezalandela zizala kakhulu. Izintombi ezinamaphiko zibonakala phakathi kwehlobo bese ziqala ukusabalalisa kwezinye izihlahla, zakha wonke amakholomu amasha.

  Uma ungenzi lutho, ngo-Agasti i-aphid izothola zonke izihlahla engadini, eziphakathi kwamagatsha namagatsha. Phakathi nenkathi yonyaka izizukulwane eziyizikhuhlane eziyi-8-10 zakhiwa. Abesilisa bazalwa ekwindla futhi bacebise abesifazane ukuba benze amaqanda okugubha amaqanda.

• Yenzani umonakalo? Ukuphumelela imifino emithini, i-aphid ayikwazi ukubhubhisa ngokuphelele isitshalo. Kodwa-ke, umsebenzi walo unciphisa amandla okuzivikela esihlahla, okuholela ekuthuthukiseni izifo ezihlukahlukene zegciwane.
  Ngaphezu kwalokho, linikeza ithuba lokususa isikhunta, esihlala emicimbini enhle ye-aphid. Ngaphandle, ukuhlasela kwe-fungal kubonakala ezindaweni zamnyama ezimanzi.

I-peach ehlaza noma egwayi

Umsunguli unomzimba we-oval, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - ophuzi, ngezinye izikhathi nge-pink tint. Ubude bufinyelela ngaphezu kwe-2.5 mm.

Insizwa engenamaphiko enesayizi encane, umzimba unemibala ebomvu, i-green-yellow noma iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amehlo abomvu, ama-antenna alula futhi afushane.. Ubude obuphakathi - 1.5 - 2 mm.

Amaqanda ahlangene, elliptical. Umbala omnyama nge-shelic metallic.

• Ukusabalalisa kwezwe. ENyakatho Melika, e-Asia (ikakhulukazi iJapan, i-China ne-India), iMpumalanga neYurophu yaseYurophu, i-Southern Urals.
• Yiziphi izitshalo ezitholakala ku? Izinhlobo ezincane ezingekho emthethweni ezihlala ngamapayipi, ama-cherry plums, ama-plums, ugwayi, iklabishi, ukhukhamba, ama-eggplant, amazambane, i-pepper, i-radishes, i-dill ne-parsley, i-ulethisi nezinye izitshalo eziningi, kuhlanganise nezitshalo zokushisa nezitshalo zokwelapha.
• Izici zentuthuko. Intuthuko igcwele imijikelezo ephelele noma engaphelele (uma uhlala ezindlini zokugcina izithombo). Izibungu zalabo abasunguli bevela emaqanda abhalwe phansi ngoMashi - Ephreli. Ukushisa kwemoya kufanele kube okungenani 20 °. Baqala ukondla izinso. Ukuthuthukiswa komuntu ovuthiwe kusuka ezinsukwini ezingu-18 kuya kwezingu-28. Umsunguli unikeza amaqanda angama-30-60 enzalo. Ukwanda okukhulu kwesibalo kubonakala phakathi nhlobo kwehlobo. Izizukulwane eziyi-12 zingathuthuka ngaphezu kwenkathi. Amaqanda ebusika ayenziwa ngesisekelo sezinso.
• Yenzani umonakalo? Ukulimala okuphawulekayo kubonakala kumahlumela amancane nezitshalo ezihlukahlukene zemifino, kanye nogwayi. Kukhona ukuphazamiseka kwamaqabunga, ukuphika, ukubonakala kwezindawo ezomile. Kulimaza kakhulu izimbali, okuwumphumela owomile nokuwa.

Amazambane amakhulu

Insizwa engenamaphiko inomzimba we-ovalubheke ngemuva. Inemibala elubomvu noma eluhlaza. Ubude abukho ngaphezu kwe-4 mm. I-Antenna ne-ponytail yinde, emzimbeni womzimba.

Intombi enamaphiko incane, kuze kube ngu-3.5 mm ubude. Umzimba omncane uwuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, imilenze nezintuthwane zinobundu.

• Ukusabalalisa kwezwe. Cishe yonke indawo. Ekuqaleni kwavela eNyakatho Melika.
• Yiziphi izitshalo ezitholakala ku? Nokho, njenge-omnivorous ye-polyphagine, ikhetha amazambane, utamatisi, iklabishi, beet, kanye nezitshalo zokushisa nezitshalo zasendlini.
• Izici zentuthuko. Umjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa ongaphelele. Ukukhiqizwa kuphela yi-parthenogenetic.
  Ekusentwasahlobo, abantu abangenazimpondo bayabonakala bese behlala eceleni kwezingqimba zeqabunga zezitshalo zomanyolo. Ukushisa kubonakala kunomhlanjesi nasenhlabathini noma emakamelweni afudumele.

  Phakathi nenkathi, kukhona ushintsho oluqhubekayo lwezizukulwane ezingenamaphiko nezingamaphiko. Zonke ezinye izinhlobo azikho.

• Yenzani umonakalo? Lolu hlobo lwe-aphid lungathwala izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-50 zezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.

Apple Green

I-egg - eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ilula kancane kancane ize ibe mnyama. Umsunguli unomzimba we-oval ngephuzu elingemuva elingemuva. Ipeyinti eluhlaza, ikhanda elibomvu noma i-chestnut.

Intombi engenasiphelo ifana kakhulu nomsunguli. Intombi encane enamaphiko, une-belly eluhlaza. Ama-Paws, umsila, isifuba nekhanda kukhona abamnyama.

Owesifazane ongenamaphiko akanamaphiko, isiqu sinemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umsila kanye nemikhawulo ye-antenna kukhona abamnyama. Indoda ihluke kumfazi ongenamaphilo kuphela ezincane ezincane.

• Ukusabalalisa kwezwe. EYurophu EMpumalanga, eCaucasus nase-Asia Ephakathi.
• Yiziphi izitshalo ezitholakala ku? Ikhetha i-pome izihlahla zezithelo - i-cotoneaster, i-apula, i-medlar, ipheya, i-quince, i-irgu, i-mountain ash, i-hawthorn.



Kubonakala sengathi isithombe ku-aphid eluhlaza ye-apple eluhlaza.


• Izici zentuthuko. Ngenkathi yonyaka ishintshwe izizukulwane eziningana, zihluke ngokwemvelo. Izimpungushe zomama ezisungula ziphuma eqanda ngesikhathi seqabunga lamaqabunga amaqabunga.

  Omunye umuntu unikeza izintombi ezingapheli ezingu-120. Inkathi yentuthuko yizinsuku ezingu-9-13. NgoJuni, abantu abaphiko abanamaphiko bavela, baqala ukusakaza abantu emithini ehlukene.

  Isizukulwane sezizukulwane sincike esimweni sezulu sokuhlala futhi sinezizukulwane eziyisi-6 ezifundeni ezibandayo kuze kube ngu-17 esishisayo. Ukuhlanganisa nokubeka amaqanda ebusika kwenzeka ngo-Okthoba.

• Yenzani umonakalo? Izitshalo ezincane zihlupheka kakhulu. Kodwa izihlahla ezivuthiwe nazo zithola umonakalo omkhulu. Amaqabunga aphihliwe, amabala akhiwe phezu kwezithelo, amagatsha kanye namahlumela aphelile.

Ekulweni nama-aphid folk remedies funda lapha.

Rose Green

Zonke izinhlobo nezinyathelo zokuthuthukiswa azifani neze nomunye nomunye. Noma yimuphi umuntu unomzimba ohlaza okwe-ellipsoidal, izintuthwane ezindala ezibomvu, umsila onjengekrele.

• Ukusabalalisa kwezwe. Lihlala cishe yonke indawo.
• Yiziphi izitshalo ezitholakala ku? Ngaphezu kwama-roses kanye ne-rose rose, i-aphid ingaphila ku-strawberry, amapheya nama-apula.
• Izici zentuthuko. Kuthatha umjikelezo ogcwele. Overwinters emagatsheni esiteji samaqanda. Abasunguli ngokwesilinganiso banikeza amaqanda angaba ngu-80 ngamunye. Kuzo zokugcina izithombo kanye nokugcina izithombo kuzaliswa unyaka wonke.
• Yenzani umonakalo? Ukukhula kwemifino kuvinjelwe, amaqabunga ama-curl, amaqabunga awaqhakaza, izitshalo ezibuthakathaka azibekezeli ubusika kanye nokuhlaselwa kwamagciwane.

Leaf gallic

Amantombazane angenamaphiko anomzimba oval., ezidwetshwe ohlaza okombala noma ophuzi. I-Antennae eside, emnyama. Ama-wings ayencane kakhulu, anamaqabunga aphilile. Umzimba unombala obomvu.

• Ukusabalalisa kwezwe. Nomaphi.
• Yiziphi izitshalo ezitholakala ku? Ama-currants amhlophe, abomvu namnyama.
• Izici zentuthuko. Umjikelezo ophelele.
• Yenzani umonakalo? Ukuphuza utshwala kusuka emaqabunga, ubeka ama-galls phezu kwabo - ukuvuvukala noma ukuphuzi. Izihlahla ezincane zilimaza kakhulu, abantu bayakwazi ukubhubhisa lesi sitshalo.

Ukuze uvikele izitshalo, ungasebenzisa amakhemikhali ukulwa nama-aphid.

Beet noma Bean

I-egg - emnyama, i-ellipsoid. Umsunguli nomalokazana ongenamaphiko banomzimba ovundlile, wenezelwa ezinhlangothini.

• Ukusabalalisa kwezwe. Yurophu, eNyakatho Melika, Asia Ephakathi naseNingizimu Caucasus.
• Yiziphi izitshalo ezitholakala ku? Izinhlobonhlobo zezinyosi, i-jasmine, i-euonymus, ubhontshisi, imbewu ye-poppy, i-viburnum, i-spring vetch, i-sunflower namazambane.
• Izici zentuthuko. Ukushintshwa kwezizukulwane phakathi nonyaka okhulayo wezitshalo zomanyolo, izakhamuzi zokugcina izizukulwane futhi ubeka amaqanda ebusika.
• Yenzani umonakalo? Amaqabunga ahluma futhi aphephe, isitshalo sivinjelwe ekukhuleni futhi singafa. Iphethe izifo ezihlukahlukene zegciwane.

Ikhukhamba (ikhabe)

Umzimba ohlangene ophethe ubuciko obuphambili obudwetshiwe ku-shade ehlukene eluhlaza. I-Antennae ne-paws abamnyama.

Isithombe esihle se-aphid.

• Ukusabalalisa kwezwe. Nomaphi.
• Yiziphi izitshalo ezitholakala ku? Amagxolo, ukhukhamba, beet, ukotini, ugwayi, amantongomane, i-sesame, i-citrus, i-eucalyptus.
• Izici zentuthuko. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-parthenogenetic, ukuthuthukiswa akuhambisani nhlobo. Phakathi nenkathi, izizukulwane eziningana zezintombi ezishintshayo. Fecundity - abantu abangu-40-50 besifazane.
• Ukulimala kubangele. Lezi zinhlobo zingenye yezinto eziyingozi kakhulu. Kubangela umonakalo omkhulu ezitshalweni ngenxa yokuzala okuphezulu.

Iklabishi

Unomzimba ohlaza oval obala obala, izinti ezincane ezimnyama.

Iklabishi isithombe se-aphid.

• Ukusabalalisa kwezwe. Ngokuvamile kuwo wonke amazwe, eRussia akatholakali ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba.
• Yiziphi izitshalo ezitholakala ku? Uhlala ikakhulukazi kubantu abathintekayo, ikakhulukazi abathanda ama-radishes neklabishi.
• Ukuthuthukiswa Ezimweni ezifudumele, ukuthuthukiswa akuphelele, kuzo zonke izifunda kukhona umjikelezo ogcwele. Ngesikhathi sivela ezizukulwaneni ezingu-6 kuya kwezi-30.
• Yenzani umonakalo? Ukuphindaphinda ngokuphindaphindiwe, ukunamathela kuyo yonke isitshalo, okuholela ekufeni.

I-phylloxera yamagilebhisi

Umzimba uvunguza, umbala uphuzi noma ubomvu. I-Antenna ne-proboscis imfushane kakhulu.

• Ukusabalalisa kwezwe. I-Viticulture eYurophu, eNyakatho Melika, e-Afrika nase-Asia.
• Yiziphi izitshalo ezitholakala ku? Ihlala kuphela kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamagilebhisi. Ifomu leafisi alihlali ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ze-pubescent.
• Ukuthuthukiswa Amafomu amaqabunga namaqabunga, uhamba ngomjikelezo ogcwele. Omunye umsikazi wesifazane uyakwazi ukukhiqiza amaqanda angama-500. Kule nkathi kufakwe esikhundleni sezizukulwane ezingu-9.
• Yenzani umonakalo? I-Phylloxera iyinambuzane yokuhlukanisa indawo. Ezimpandeni zivela galls, ku-deformation amaqabunga. Abantu bayakwazi ukubhubhisa ngokuphelele isivini.

I-carrot

I-torso ene-oval ephakeme iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka embala, ama-antenna amfushane futhi alula, njengemilenze.

• Ukusabalalisa kwezwe. Nomaphi.
• Yiziphi izitshalo ezitholakala ku? On izaqathe nezinye izitshalo isambulela.
• Ukuthuthukiswa Umjikelezo wokuphila ogcwele.
• Yenzani umonakalo? Amaqabunga aphihliwe, ukudla kwezimpande kunciphisa, ngakho izinga kanye nokulingana kwesitshalo kuhlupheka.

I-Poplar (i-poplar) emhlophe

Abantu banesibindi se-oval sombala omhlophe noma ophuzi. Ama-wings asemhlophe kuphela.

• Ukusabalalisa kwezwe. I-Asia Ephakathi, iYurophu YaseYurophu, i-Iran, i-Western Siberia.
• Yiziphi izitshalo ezitholakala ku? On black, pyramid nezinye izinhlobo poplar.
• Ukuthuthukiswa Umjikelezo ophelele.
• Kuyingozi. Ukumisa amafihledi, ukuphihliza amaqabunga, ukwehlisa izihlahla, ikakhulukazi abasha.

Hermes

Umsunguli unomzimba omnyama omnyama. Izizukulwane ezilandelayo zigcwele izinwele ezimhlophe, eziluhlaza.

• Ukusabalalisa kwezwe. Nomaphi, lapho kukhona khona ama-conifers.
• Yiziphi izitshalo ezitholakala ku? Noma yimaphi ama-conifers, ikakhulukazi ngesi-spruce, i-pin, i-larch nomsedari.
• Ukuthuthukiswa Akuphelele. Phakathi nenkathi 4-5 izizukulwane zivela.
• Kuyingozi. Zihlukumeza ukuthuthukiswa nokuhluma izihlahla, zinciphisa amandla okuzivikela futhi zinciphisa umphumela wokuhlobisa.

I-Mealy (inwele)

I-feminine engenamaphiko inomzimba omuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, umumo ovalwe. I-setae eminingi ikhona ezinhlangothini. Umzimba wonke ugcwele ukuqhakaza kweqhwa, okufana nofulawa.

Insikazi enamaphiko ihluke kumuntu ongenamaphiko kuphela ngenxa yokuba khona kwamaphiko.

• Indawo yendawo. Nomaphi.
• Yiziphi izitshalo ezitholakala ku? Ukukhetha izithelo ze-citrus, amagilebhisi, izitshalo eziningi zasendlini kanye nezokushisa.
• Ukuthuthukiswa Insikazi ingabeka amaqanda angama-2 000, lapho izibungu zizovela maduzane. Ziselula futhi ziyahamba zonke izitshalo ezizungezile, ziphuza ijusi. Ekhaya nasezindlini zokugcina izithombo, ukuthuthukiswa nokukhiqiza kuqhubeka.
• Kuyingozi. Ukuguqulwa kwamagatsha kanye neziqu, ukomisa kanye nokuxhaswa kwamaqabunga namaqabunga, ukuvinjelwa kwentuthuko, ukwehlisa izimfanelo zokuvikela zezitshalo.

Umsuka

Umzimba ungavezwa ophuzi, omhlophe noma obuluhlaza, omaqanda. Inhloko, izintuthwane nesifuba esibomvu. Umzimba wonke ugcwele umbala ophuzi obomvu.njenge-wax.

• Indawo yendawo. Nomaphi.
• Yiziphi izitshalo ezitholakala ku? Cishe wonke umuntu.
• Ukuthuthukiswa Amantombazane angenalutho angenawo emhlabathini. Entwasahlobo kusuka kubo izibungu zizalwa. Bese bachitha ingane. Phakathi nenkathi kuthathelwa izizukulwane eziningana nezinyathelo zokuthuthukiswa.
• Kuyingozi. Ukuphuza ama-juice ezimpandeni ezihlangene nezilwane, izinambuzane ziphazamisa ukugeleza okuvamile kwezakhi ezitshalweni.

Ngenxa yalokho, iyancipha, ayikwazi ukuthuthukisa ngokugcwele. Uma ungathathi isinyathelo - isitshalo sefolda sizofa.

Ikhaya noma igumbi

Kufaka ama-subspecies amaningana ahluke ngokubala. Kukhona i-aphid emhlophe, i-aphid ebomvu, kukhona i-aphid eluhlaza nelomnyama.

• Indawo yendawo. Nomaphi.
• Yiziphi izitshalo ezitholakala ku? Cishe yonke imibala yangaphakathi.
• Ukuthuthukiswa Umjikelezo ophelele. Ukuqhathaniswa kwe-parthenogenetic futhi ngezikhathi zabantu abakhulu. Abahambanga ebusika, bahlakulela unyaka wonke.
• Kuyingozi. Amahlamvu, amahlumela kanye namafihlethi abuna futhi asomile, aweke. Izitshalo ziyeke ukukhula, zife kancane kancane.

Isiphetho

Ama-aphid angahle ahlukaniswe ngokuvumelana nezintandokazi zezitshalo zokudla nokuhlala. Ngakho-ke phuma i-aphid engadini, imbali, ingadi kanye nesitshalo.

Isihlahla se-aphid siphila emithini yezithelo kanye nemibheki ehlathini, esenza umonakalo omkhulu ezitshalweni zensimu. Le oda lihlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi zezinambuzane zembala ehlukahlukene. Umjikelezo wokuphila uvame ukuqedela, kanye nokushintsha kwezizukulwane ezahlukene. Umehluko ukhona enani lezizukulwane nenani lezinzalo.

Flower aphid ikhetha izimbali kanye nezitshalo zokuhlobisa ezihlala emibhede yemifula, phambi kwedizadi, imibhede yemifula.

Izitshalo ze-aphid ezitshalweni ezahlukene zezitshalo - imifino kanye namakhambi. Okuhlukile kuphela kunoma yiluphi uhlobo anyanisi nogalikhi.. Ayikho i-anyanisi ye-aphid emvelweni, njengoba izinto ezinamandla eziqukethe izitshalo ziyesaba izinambuzane. Le ndawo isetshenziselwa ukulwa nama-aphid.basebenzisa u-anyanisi osiketshezi kanye ne-garlic infusions. Ukuze uthole ulwazi mayelana nokuthi ungabhekana kanjani nama-aphid, funda isihloko esithi "Amakhemikhali amahle kakhulu wokulwa nama-aphid ingxenye 1 nengxenye 2".

Yebo Akunakwenzeka ukuchaza wonke ama-aphid kusihloko esisodwa.ngoba kuningi labo. Noma kunjalo, sazama ukuqoqa zonke izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu.

Ividiyo ewusizo!