I-chicken pox yisifo esijwayelekile kakhulu segciwane lesandulela ngculazi esibangelwa i-pathogen ye-genus "Avipoxvirus". Njengomthetho, kuhambisane nokubonakala kwe-conjunctivitis ezinyoni, kanye nokuhlukana okuhlukahlukene esikhumbeni nasezinkalweni ezinomuncu.
Kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi lesi sifo siyini, ukuthi iziphi izimpawu zayo, ukuthi ngabe isifo sezinambuzane singatholakala yini ngokuzimele nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo zokwelashwa nokuvimbela okungathatha umlimi.
Amafomu wezinambuzane ezinyoni
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo ezinkukhu, okunye okungafani nezibonakaliso eziningana, kanye nephesenti lokufa kwezinyoni.
Ngakho, cabangela ngokuningiliziwe.:
- Ifomu lesikhumba (ebizwa nangokuthi i-smallpox) - leli fomu kubhekwa ukuthi lilula futhi ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi akukwazi ukulimaza kakhulu umhlambi.
Ngoba ifomu lesikhumba lezinkukhu libhekene nokubonakala kwezinyoni ezindaweni ezingenalutho zomzimba (amacici, ikhefu, isisekelo senyosi, izindawo ezizungezile amehlo) ukukhula, okubonakala lapho kufana nokufana ne-warts egcwele i-scabs yegazi.
Njengomthetho, leli fomu lesifo linyamalalala emavikini angu-5-6 futhi linomqondo omuhle kakhulu, njengoba luqhubeka ngaphandle kokucindezeleka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhukhumba sinendawo kuphela ekhanda lenyoni.
REFERENCE. Ngokwesilinganiso, inani lokufa kwezinkukhu ezivela esikhunjeni sesikhumba se-ingulube alikho ngaphezu kuka-8%. - Ifomu le-Diphtheria le-ingulube - uhlobo olunzima kakhulu lwesifo futhi lubonakala ngamaphesenti aphezulu okufa kwezinyoni (kufika ku-50%).
Izimpawu ezilandelayo ziyizici zalolu hlobo lwenkukhu::
- ukunqotshwa izilonda zomcibisholo womlomo, isisu, i-larynx, kanye ne-chicken trachea;
- ukuphefumula okukhulu, kuhambisane nekhanda;
- ukukhwehlela, isondo;
- inyoni iyakudonsa intamo njalo;
- ibhulogi evulekile;
- inyoni yenqaba ukupha;
- ukubonakala kwe-rhinitis enezicathulo eziphuzi (uma i-diphtheria isifo sezinambuzane ishaya umuthi we-nasal);
- ukubonakala kwe-puffiness ebanzi eduze kwamehlo;
- ukuvuvukala kwamajwabu amehlo;
- ukuhlambalaza okukhulu, njll.
KUBALULEKILE. Lapho kunezimo ezimbi, izinga lokufa emhlambini we-diphtheria isifo sezinambuzane singafinyelela ku-70%. Indima ebalulekile lapha idlalwe yizinkulungwane zezinyoni, izinga lokudla, kanye nezimo zokuboshwa.
- Ifomu elixubile - inezibonakaliso zezici zesikhumba senkukhu ne-diphtheria. Njengomthetho, izinguquko zitholakala esikhunjeni sezinyoni nakwezingqimba zomuncu. Kulesi sifo, ukufa kwezinyoni kuvela ku-30 kuya ku-50%.
Izimbangela nezindlela zokudlulisela
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi inkukhu yezinkukhu ingakhula ngenxa yokungena emhlambini we-pathogen ngaphandle, noma ngenxa ye-pathogen esele iphakathi kwezinyoni isikhathi esithile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umthombo oyinhloko walesi sifo uyagula noma ugula.
Kunezindlela ezilandelayo zokudluliselwa kwenkukhu yenkukhu:
- ukuxhumana kwezinyoni ezigulayo ezinempilo enempilo;
- ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezifakiwe;
- ukuxhumana namagundane noma izinyoni zasendle, ezivame ukuhambisa lesi sifo;
- ngokusebenzisa amathikithi, umiyane nezinye izinambuzane ezinkukhunjulwa izinkukhu zokulunywa;
- ngokusebenzisa indwangu, amanzi, ukondla, izimpaphe, phansi, kanye nesifo sengculazi izingubo.
Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi i-agent causative yenkukhu yenkukhu ingawela emonakalweni esikhunjeni noma emangqamuzaneni ezinyoni.
Ukuhlonza
Naphezu kokuthi izibonakaliso zezinkukhu zingabonwa kakade ekuhlolweni kokuqala kwenyoni, noma kunjalo, ukuthola isifo esifanelekile, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuxilonga ngokunembile.
I-pox pox ivame ukutholakala isebenzisa i-histopathology yezilonda. Kulokhu, isibonakaliso sokuthi kukhona khona lesi sifo ukuhlonza imizimba ye-intracytoplasmic.
Izindlela zokwelapha nokuvimbela
Ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukuba singenzeki emhlambini, kubalulekile ukwenza inombolo ukuvimbela izinyathelo okuyinto ubilise phansi okulandelayo:
- Ukuqaliswa kokugoma, kokubili abasha nabadala - le nqubo iyasebenza kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, umgomo ungenziwa izinkukhu, kusukela ekuqaleni kweminyaka engama-7. Imisebenzi ephumelela kunazo zonke imithi efana nale: "VGNKI", "Nobilis", "FOWL Pox".
Umthamo wenyoni ngayinye ngu-0.01 ml wezidakamizwa. Faka kumele kube sekhanda eliphikisayo. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-7-10, kubalulekile ukuhlola izibonelo zokuba khona kwe-crust noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yomjovo.
UKUKHONA. Uma kungenayo imidwebo endaweni yokujova, khona-ke, kungaphetha ngokuthi umuthi wokugoma unomgangatho ompofu, noma wangeniswa ngokungalungile. Kungenzeka nokuthi izinkukhu sezivele zigonywe. - Ikhishi kufanele igcinwe ihlanzekile njalo ichithelwa i-disinfected njalo.
- Ukuvimbela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthintana nezinyoni ngezinduku.
- Uma kutholakala izinkukhu ezigulayo, kufanele zihlukaniswe ngokushesha nabantu abaphilile.
- Kudingekile ukwenza ukuhlunga okuphelele kokufakelwa kwempahla, kanye nezingubo ezisetshenziselwa ukusebenza epulazini.
Uma kunjalo, izinyoni ezigulayo zitholakala emhlambini wezinkomo, ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela elandelayo:
- Izinyoni ezigulayo nezinempilo kufanele zinikezwe kanye namanzi nge-"Anfluron" (umthamo u-2 ml ngehora elilodwa lmanzi izinsuku ezintathu);
- indlu kufanele iphathwe ngokucophelela ngesisombululo se-formaldehyde (40%) noma i-lime (20%).
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukwelashwa kwezinyoni ezigulayo kuzoba nemiphumela kuphela lapho kuqala lesi sifo. Kulesi simo, inyama yezinkukhu ezigulayo akufanele idliwe, futhi amaqanda kufanele asetshenziselwe ukutshala.
Isinqumo esifanele kunazo zonke kungaba ukuthumela abantu abagulayo ekuhlatshweni, nokugoma abantu abanempilo njengendaba yokuphuthuma..
Sikunikeza ividiyo mayelana nenkukhu yenkukhu:
Ukulimala kwezomnotho kwesifo noma kungani kunconywa ukugoma
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi isikhukhukazi sezinkukhu singabangela ukulimala okukhulu embonweni wezomnotho, njengoba kuholela ekuqothulweni kwaze kube sekuyingxenye yomhlambi wezinkomo, futhi kubonakala ukwehla okukhulu ekukhiqizeni amaqanda ezinyoni.
Isibonelo, eHolland, isikhwama sezinkukhu sibangela u-12% wenani eliphelele lazo zonke ukulahlekelwa embonini yenkukhu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubonakala emhlambini okungenani kanye, lesi sifo sibuya ngokuphindaphindiwe, sibangele amaphesenti aphezulu ekudleni nokufa phakathi kwezinyoni.
Ngakho, njengoba kuphawuliwe ekuqaleni, Ukugoma ngesikhathi esifanele kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokulwa nenkukhu. Lesi silinganiso sizovumela ukuvikela ngokuthembekile "umbuso wezinkukhu" kulezi zifo eziyingozi.
Ukubamba iqhaza, kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi isifo sikhukhu yisifo esibi kakhulu esidinga ukunakekelwa ngokujulile isimo sezinyoni, ukuze kutholakale isikhathi sokuqala sesifo futhi kuthathe izinyathelo ezifanele.
