Amagilebhisi ezweni lethu anqoba izindawo ezintsha, athutha enyakatho. Lokhu kungenxa yemizamo yabafuyi abakha izinhlobo ezintsha ezimelana nama-vagaries a sezulu ahlukahlukene. Enye yezinhlobonhlobo ezisanda kuvela ezingadini zezakhamizi zasehlobo ngumvini waseFurshetny, obonakala ngamajikijolo amahle futhi amnandi, nokungabekezeleli, okuvumela ukuba ukhule ezifundeni ezibandayo.
Umlando ukutshalwa kwamagilebhisi izinhlobo Buffet
Amagilebhisi eBuffet umuthi omusha omusha owatholakala eZaporizhia ngumthengisi odumile uVitaliy Vladimirovich Zagorulko. Okokuqala, oweta newayini uyaziwa, ngendlela yakhe yokusebenza kanye nesifiso sokudala izinhlobo zokuqala ezikhiqiza amajikijolo amahle, amakhulu futhi amnandi ngesethulo esihle kakhulu.
I-hybrid yaqala imashi yayo phakathi kwezivande zase-Ukraine nezwe lethu ngonyaka we-2008. I-buffet itholwe ngokuwela izinhlobo ezimbili ezaziwayo: i-Kuban ne-Zaporozhye yeSipho. Futhi njengoba izinhlobonhlobo zeKuban, nazo, zivela ezinhlotsheni zaseMoldova naseKhadinali, kuvela ukuthi ama-juices amadlozi amaningi ageleza eFurshetny, futhi kusuka kulowo nalowo wathatha izici ezinhle kakhulu. I-Kuban yamnika ukwakheka nombala wamajikijolo, kanye neZipho Zaporozhye - izinzuzo zesihlahla: amandla nokungathobeki.
"Umama" we-Buffet - amagilebhisi akwaKuban - amnikeze ukuma nombala wamajikijolo
Izinhlobonhlobo ezichaziwe zibonakaliswa ngokuvuthwa okusheshayo (azidluli izinyanga ezi-4), amajikijolo asekulungele ukusetshenziswa maphakathi no-Agasti. Abathandi bachaza ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo ngokuthi "okuhlukile", ama-tasters ochwepheshe nawo awunika isilinganiso esiphakeme.
Njengoba ama-Buffet Amagilebhisi (odume ngokuthi iTafula le-Buffet) asanda kubhalwa, eminye imiqondo yokulinyelwa kwawo namanje ayiqondakali kahle, futhi umlando wale nhlobonhlobo ubhalwe ngaphambi kwamehlo ethu. Kuzothatha isikhathi esithe xaxa ukuphenya ngokuphelele ukumelana kwayo nezifo ezahlukahlukene: ngenkathi bethi inezinga eliphakathi lokungazetheki. Izinhlobonhlobo azikaze zihambele kude kangako enyakatho, ngakho-ke ukuqina kwezinga lokushisa kuchaziwe (kufika ku -22 mayelanaC) mhlawumbe kuzolungiswa.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi uBuffet
I-Buffet Buffet isitshalo esinamandla kakhulu ngohlelo lwezimpande olwakhiwe kahle. Minyaka yonke, lingakhiqiza amahlumela amasha angaphezu kweshumi, ngenxa yalokho isihlahla ngaphandle kokuthena singaba mnene kakhulu futhi, yize sinamandla onke awo wonke umvini, ikhwalithi yesitshalo ingahlupheka, kufaka phakathi ukushoda kwelanga. Amahlathi ahlotshiswe kakhulu, amahlamvu awo aphezulu, amaqabunga makhulu, apendwe aluhlaza okotshani.
Amandla esihlahla akuvumela ukuba unikeze izilimo ezinkulu, kepha udinga ukunakekelwa okunekhono
Ngokunakekelwa okuhle, amagilebhisi aseFurshetny minyaka yonke anikeza isivuno esiphakeme kakhulu samajikijolo esimnandi esihle kakhulu. Ama-bunches wesimo esijwayelekile se-cylindrical-conical, isisindo sabo esijwayelekile sisuka ku-500 siye ku-800 g, ezinye izinkomba zikhulu. Kuchazwa imichilo enesisindo esifinyelela ku-2 kg. Amajikijolo agqamile, makhulu, onsomi noma aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, atshalwe ngokuqinile komunye nomunye. Umbala osuka ku-red-violet uye kuzinguquko ezimnyama eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka njengoba uvuthwa, ngakho-ke esiqeshini esisodwa kungahle kube namajikijolo anemibala ehlukene. Isisindo se-berry ngasinye sisuka ku-8 siye ku-12 g, ama-typimens ngamanye angakhula afike kuma-20 g. I-peel kumajikijolo ayiminyene, kepha mncane, ayadliwa. Lokhu, kanye nokuhlanganiswa okuzinzile kwe-wax kuyinzuzo engathandabuzekwa ngokuya ngamathuba okuhambisa amagilebhisi. Ukunambitheka kunambitheka, kugcwele, ku-acid, kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo eziningi ezejwayelekile akukwanele. Juicness ulungile. Ngemuva kokudla isikhashana, ukunambitheka kwamagilebhisi omile, ama-prunes noma ama-mulberry kuzwakala emlonyeni. Amajikijolo agcinwe kahle, cishe awaphuki ngisho nasehlobo elimanzi. Kepha kumele ziqoqwe ngesikhathi: ngokuchayeka ngaphezulu ehlathini, ukunambitheka kuwohloka ngandlela thile.
Lapho abakwa-Fourchette benikeza umbhali walezi zintambo isivuno sokuqala (amaqoqo amabili nje amancane), asizange sisheshe ukusiqoqa, singazi ukuthi kufanele sibe yini esesimweni esiphelele ngokuphelele. Futhi ukunambitheka kwakubonakala kuwukuphakathi. Kepha ngonyaka olandelayo baqala ukuzama kusengaphambili. Futhi kwavela ukuthi amajikijolo akhiwa ngesikhathi ane-aftertaste elicwengekile!
I -chechetine ibhekwa njengemibala ehlobo maphakathi nehlobo: ngokuya ngesimo sezulu salesi sifunda kanye nesimo sezulu samanje, singabhekwa ngezinhlobo zokuvuthwa okuqala noma okuphakathi. Kuthatha cishe izinyanga ezi-4 ukuthi amajikijolo avuthwe, kepha uma kwenzeka kuvuna okuningi, inani eliphakeme lokuvunwa kwalo kungenzeka ngoSepthemba.
Izici zezinhlobo zamagilebhisi zaseFurshetny
Ukunikeza incazelo ejwayelekile kuFurshetny, i-winegrowers kanye ne-tasters kumnika izinzuzo eziningi kakhulu kunokubi. Izinzuzo ezingathandabuzeki zifaka:
- ukumelana kakhulu nesithwathwa;
- amathuba okukhula ezifundeni ezinezimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene;
- ukuvuthwa okuhle komvini;
- ukukhiqizwa okungaphezulu kokukhiqizwayo okuphezulu (kuze kufike ku-20 kg eneminyaka emithathu);
- isigaxa esikhulu samaqoqo namajikijolo ngamunye ngokwehlukana;
- ukuthutha kwamajikijolo;
- ukunambitheka okuhle kwamajikijolo avuthwe kahle;
- Impilo ephezulu eshalofini lezithelo ezinhlobonhlobo zasehlobo.
Ububi bezinhlobonhlobo bungaphansi kakhulu. Kukhona ezimbili ezibucayi, kepha ongalwa ngazo ngokunakekelwa okufanele:
- ukumelana okuphakathi kwezifo eziningi;
- ukuthambekela kokulayisha kakhulu isivuno futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukungapheleli kokuvuthwa kwayo nokuthi kungenzeka kokuvulwa komvini ngaphambi kobusika.
Ososayensi-ama-agrarians bahlola ukumelana kwe-Furshetny kwezifo eziyingozi ezinjengomkhuhlane ne-oidium, amaphuzu amathathu kuphela kwayi-5, okwenza umlimi aqaphele futhi abe nezindlela zamakhemikhali zokulwa nezifo. Kepha, njengoba wazi, kungcono ukuvikela isifo kunokulapha. Isixwayiso sitholakala ngokunakekelwa okufanele. Ukunakekelwa okufanele (ikakhulukazi, ukuthena izihlahla okufika ngesikhathi futhi okunekhono) nakho kuvimbela ukulayisha kakhulu isihlahla ngesitshalo.
Ividiyo: amagilebhisi esihlahleni
Ubungcweti bokutshala nokukhulisa izinhlobo zamagilebhisi zaseFurshetny
Izimiso eziyisisekelo zokutshala nokuhlakulela itafula le-buffet azihlukile kulezo ezisetshenziselwa noma yiluphi uhlobo lwamagilebhisi alinywayo; kukhona kuphela ama-nuances athile ahambisana nekhono lakhe lokudubula eliphakeme.
Ukutshala amagilebhisi
Ukuze kutshalwe ngempumelelo amagilebhisi ezimotweni zasehlobo, kufanele kubhekwe izici eziningana ezinquma impumelelo. Amagilebhisi ayisitshalo esine-Photophilous, futhi ngokushiswa yilanga awunakuthola amajikijolo amahle. Isici sesibili ukushisa: ukukhula okujwayelekile nezithelo zenzeka emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwe-20 ° C, amaqabunga ezinhlobo eziningi aqandayo emazingeni apholile kakhulu, futhi ngisho nokhuni olungapheli lubulawa ngesikhathi seqhwa lika-25-25 ° C. Amagilebhisi - isitshalo esibekezelela isomiso, kepha ngokunisela okuyilo, isivuno sanda kaningana.
Usuku oluhle kakhulu lokutshala amagilebhisi ezindaweni eziningi ukuphela kuka-Ephreli. Ukufika kwe-Autumn kungenzeka futhi eningizimu. Ngokuphathelene nezinhlobonhlobo zeFurshetny, ngokubheka ukumelana kwayo okukhulu kweqhwa, ingatshalwa ezindaweni eziningi ngisho ngoMashi, izinyanga ezimbili, noma ekwindla, ngo-Okthoba kuze kube maphakathi no-Novemba. Ekutshaleni ekwindla, kunjalo, udinga ukusonga ngokucophelela ubusika.
Amagilebhisi akhula womabili asezingeni nasemithambekeni elinganiselayo. Ezindaweni eziphansi nasemithambekeni esenyakatho ayinakubekwa ngenxa yengozi yokulimala yiqhwa lasentwasahlobo. Amagilebhisi akhula kuyo yonke inhlabathi, ngaphandle kwezindawo ezimanzi kakhulu nezindawo ezinamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Ngokutshala amagilebhisi ezweni, udinga ukukhetha indawo evikelekile emoyeni.
Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokutshala inhlabathi endaweni yengadi kuhlanganisa nokumba ngayo ngomanyolo. Ngokungafani nemibhede yemifino, lapho ugaya, awudingi ukususa izingcezwana zezitini, hhayi amatshe amakhulu kakhulu, njll. Amagilebhisi akhula kahle emhlabathini wenhlabathi. Tshala amagilebhisi emigodini. Imvamisa, izimbiwa zimbiwa eduze kwezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene. Ubukhulu - hhayi ngaphansi kwama-80 x 80 × 80 cm. Ungqimba oluhle lwamakhompiyutha kufanele lubekwe phansi komgodi (amatshe, isitini esaphukile, njll.), Inhlanganisela ehlanganiswe kahle ye-humus, inhlabathi enhle, isihlabathi kanye nomanyolo wamaminerali kufanele abekwe. Kepha umanyolo ungowekusasa, futhi batshala isihlahla emhlabathini oxutshwe kuphela nomquba noma umquba obolile (3: 1). Emhlabathini onomunyu kakhulu, kungangezwa lime elincane.
Lapho utshala izihlahla eziningana, imigodi yokutshala ihlanganiswa imisele. Futhi amapayipi okugaya kanye nokunisela afana nesakhiwo esikhulu se-hydraulic
Isihlahla sitshalelwe ukujula, ukuze izimpande ezinwebeka ngokushesha kusuka esithendeni sesithombo zingaweli ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa ngaphansi kuka-5 ° C. Uma izihlahla eziningana zitshalwe ngasikhathi sinye, ibanga elincanyana phakathi kwezihlahla zamagilebhisi ngokulandelana kufanele libe yi-1.25 m, kepha amafomu ama-Fourchette anamandla amakhulu kangangokuba kuye leli banga kufanele liphindwe kabili, futhi uma kungenzeka kathathu: kufinyelela kumamitha amathathu noma ngaphezulu.
Ingxube yenhlabathi ene-humus ithululelwa emgodini olungiselelwe ngojikijolo kanye nomanyolo ukuze isithombo, esibekwe isithende kulo mxube, sibukeke kancane. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kugxotshwa isigxobo esinamandla ukuze kuqoqwe umvini okhula ngokuqinile, kanye nesiqeshana sepayipi eliqinile, lapho iminyaka yokuqala engu-1-2 isisa amanzi ezimpandeni. Thela indunduma encane yomhlaba bese utshala isihlahla. Indlela yokutshala ijwayelekile, kepha ekugcineni, izinso ezi-1-2 kuphela okufanele zibonakale kusuka emgodini othululiwe, futhi yize zizosibekelwa ngomhlaba, zenze igquma libe ngu-2-3 cm ukuphakama ngaphezulu kwezinso eliphakeme.
Ukunakekelwa kwamagilebhisi
Ngemuva kokutshala amagilebhisi ekotishi, kufanele uqaphele ukuthi kuzodingeka uwaphathe njalo. Kuliqiniso, umsebenzi omningi utholakala kalula kbaqalayo, kepha kuzodingeka kufundwe okuthile. Imisebenzi eyinhloko - ukuchelela, ukugqoka phezulu, ukugawula, indawo yokuhlala ebusika. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa kaningi, kepha njalo ngonyaka. Amagilebhisi ayithanda kakhulu i-potassium, ngakho-ke umanyolo we-potash angasetshenziswa ngethamo elivumelekile elivunyelwe, lihamba phambili ngendlela yohlobo lwe-ash ash. Ekwindla, kusetshenziswa umanyolo we-organic, ongafakwa kuwo i-superphosphate. Entwasahlobo, noma yimuphi umanyolo kungenzeka, kufaka phakathi i-nitrogen. Ngokuvamile kulula ukwenza ukugqoka okungamaphepha ngokufafaza izihlahla ezinezisombululo zomanyolo ezihlanjululwe. Ukuze ungashisi amaqabunga, le nqubo yenziwa kusihlwa. Ukugqoka kwama-foliar ebaluleke kakhulu isonto ngaphambi kokuqhakaza futhi ngokushesha emva kokuqhakaza, kanye nesiqalo sokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo. Kuhle ukuthatha umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi bese uwusebenzisa ngokuqinile ngokwemiyalo yomuthi.
Manje akukho nzima ukuthola umanyolo ofanele, kunzima ukukhetha efanele. Kuyinto elula ukusebenzisa amalungiselelo alungiselelwe enzelwe ukugqoka phezulu.
Imvamisa ukugqoka phezulu okuhlanganiswa nokwelashwa kwe-Bordeaux ketshezi ukulwa nezifo. Inketho enhle kakhulu, ehlanganisa ukugqoka okungaphezulu nokuvinjwa, ukusetshenziswa komlotha wezinkuni, okugcizelelwa emanzini ngosuku (idlanzana lomlotha ebhakedeni lamanzi). Izifo eziphambili zeReception - imvelaphi yokukhunta: isikhutha, i-anthracnose ne-oidium.
Izidingo zokunisela ziyahlukahluka ngesifunda kanye nesimo sezulu. Ukunisela izihlahla ezisencane kuyimpoqo, kuyilapho zingakatanga kahle ngokwanele futhi azange zinezimpande ezijulile. Kumakhasi othela izithelo, ukuthambisa kuvame ukudingeka ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali futhi, ekwindla owomile, ngaphambi nje kobusika. Okujwayelekile ehlobo amabhakede angama-2-3 esihlahleni ngasinye, nokuningi ebusika. Kodwa-ke, uFurshetny, ngenxa yekhono lakhe lokukhula futhi athele izithelo, udinga amanzi amaningi, ngakho-ke kufanele ulungele iqiniso lokuthi ehlobo elomile kuzodingeka uphuze kakhulu. Ngaphandle komswakama owanele, amajikijolo awo ngeke abe namanzi njengoba ekhula ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle. Kodwa-ke, amanzi ngokweqile angadala ukukhula ngokweqile kwamahlumela, ukuvuthwa okumpofu, ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kuzoba kubi kakhulu. Okungenakwenzeka nakanjani ukunisela amagilebhisi ngaphambi kokuqhakaza noma phakathi kwawo: izimbali zizodilika, kuzoba namajikijolo ambalwa. Ukunisela kuyadingeka ngesikhathi sokulayishwa kwamajikijolo, kepha kufanele kumiswe inyanga ngaphambi kokuvuna.
Owafanelekela kakhulu wonke amacala esivinini ayathenwa: ngeke ufunde ukuthi ungawuthena kanjani umvini ngaso leso sikhathi, kodwa ngaphandle kwawo ngeke kube khona ukuvuna okuhle. Ukuthena empeleni, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa okufuna ikhono nobuciko. Kuze kube ukuqala kokuqhakaza izithelo, izihlahla zigawulwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokugeleza kwesiqu, futhi emva kweminyaka emine - kuphela ekwindla. I-Buffet cishe njalo yakhiwa ngokuya ngemigomo ye-fanless fan, ishiya amahlumela angama-30 aqinile esihlahleni ngasinye. Ngasikhathi sinye nokuthenwa, amagxolo amadala alele ngemuva komvini kufanele asuswe ukuvumela umvini ukuba "uphefumule" futhi uvumele ukwakheka kwengqimba encane yamagxolo.
Okokuqala, sidinga ukunqunywa kwezindawo ezifakwe iqhwa kanye namahlumela okuqina kwesihlahla okuphazamisa ukukhula kwezinto ezinamandla. Ngokuvamile, kunezindlela eziningi zokwakha isihlahla okudingeka uzitadishe kakhulu izincwadi ezikhethekile ngaphambi kokufika ebhizinisini. Ukwenza lula ukuthenwa, udinga njalo ukugqekeza amahlumela amancane aluhlaza ehlobo: isihlahla ngeke sibe nobuhlungu ukuphula uluhlaza. Ngokuqhekeka okufika ngesikhathi, ihlumela eliluhlaza lisuswa nje ngesandla. Awukwazi ukwenza ukwaphuka kuphela ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali.
Ungahlubula amahlumela aluhlaza ongezekile kalula futhi ngaphandle kobuhlungu
Ezindaweni eziningi zezwe zokuthola amagilebhisi wasebusika wezinhlobo ezitshaliwe kufanele zimboze isithwathwa. Lokhu kuyasebenza naku-Buffet Amagilebhisi. Ngaphambi kokukhoseliswa, kwenziwa izihlahla ngokuphelele, kususwa amagatsha aphukile nokweqile, kanye nezingxenye zomvini ezingavuthiwe. Amahlumela avuthwe kahle asuswa ezisekelweni abekwe phansi, abopha izinyanda ezihlanganisiwe. Amagilebhisi agcinwa ekugcineni kuka-Okthoba, futhi izindlela zokukhosela zincike ekutheni ubusika bukhulu kangakanani esifundeni esithile, ukuthi kuneqhwa elingakanani. Mhlawumbe efaneleke kakhulu kwiFurshetny kuzoba indawo yokukhosela ethembekile yemivini ekhishwe ku-trellis enamagatsha e-spruce noma wephayini, noma ngesendlalelo esinamaqabunga omisiwe esihlahla sezithelo. Uma ingekho i-lapnik, imivini ebekwe phansi ingambozwa ngamabhodi, ngesilayidi kanye nokunye okuphathekayo: kuze kube yilapho ithela iqhwa, izihlahla zizoshaywa umoya, amagundane angawesabi. Futhi ngaphansi kweqhwa izihlahla zizofudumala, uma kuphela ngesikhathi.
Kuzo zonke izindlela ezingenzeka zokuhlela imivini yeFurshetny, ngenxa yamandla esihlahla sakhe, kulinywe kuphela i-trellis - kunoma yikuphi ukusekelwa okufanele. Zingahluka: kusuka kudivayisi yamapayipi aqonde phezulu naphezulu kunoma iyiphi i-mesh enamaseli amakhulu. Ukusatshalaliswa ngisho kwemivini esikhaleni kunikeza ukukhanyisa okuhle nokuhlanza isihlahla.
Ngokufakwa kwe-trellis, izinsika eziqinile noma amapayipi wensimbi aqhutshwa emhlabathini. Inombolo yabo iyakhethwa ukuze babambe ngokuqinile izintambo ezihlala isikhathi eside nomthwalo wamabhushi ngesitshalo kulezi zintambo. Imvamisa, kudonswa imigqa eminingana eqondile: eyokuqala ebangeni lama-50 cm ukusuka emhlabathini, elandelayo ilandele amasentimitha angama-30-50. Entwasahlobo, imivini ebusika iboshelwa ngokuqondile kocingo olungaphansi. Kukhula amahlumela amancane aboshwe, kuyilapho ephula okweqile. Shiya amahlumela angama-25-30 esihlahleni esidala.
Ukubuyekezwa
Amagilebhisi anokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, alungele ukuthuthwa, asetshenziswa amasha.
Khabarovs//habarovy.ru/?page_id=177
Buffet - amagilebhisi anezici ezihle.
I-Zagorulko V.V.//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-1485.html
Ithebula lethu le-buffet, elitshalwe ngonyaka odlule ngesithombo esikhulayo, lakhombisa ukukhula okuqinile, ukumelana okuhle nezifo.Ngesikhathi sokukhula, zaphathwa kuphela ngemikhiqizo yemvelo, yaxhunyelelwa isikhutha kancane, futhi kwaqhekeka amaqabunga acishe abe yi-10.
Nina E.//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-1485.html
Izinhlobo zamagilebhisi zaseFurshetny namanje azikaziwa yibo bonke abalimi, kepha abathandi bangempela bamagilebhisi sebevele bakwazile ukudumisa izinhlobo zamagilebhisi zaseFurshetny ngesivuno sawo, ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu kanye nokuzithoba ekukhuleni.Ukumelana nesithwathwa esiphakeme kukuvumela ukuba uhlakulele itafula le-Buffet hhayi eningizimu kuphela, kodwa nangomgwaqo ophakathi nendawo, kodwa ngokuya ngendawo eyanele: izihlahla zomvini zikhula zinamandla futhi ziyanda.
