Ama-apula amnandi futhi anomuncu i-Yantar anekhwalithi ephezulu.

Namuhla kunezinhlobonhlobo zama-apula. Zonke lezi zinhlobonhlobo zingaba ehlobo, ekwindla noma ebusika.

Okuthandwa kakhulu yizinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezimnandi nezomuncu zama-apula, okuthiwa yi-Yantar.

Akabaluleka nje kuphela ngenxa yokunambitheka kwakhe okuhle, kodwa futhi ngenxa yokuthi ngosizo lwabo abalimi banethuba lokudala izinhlobo ezintsha zebusika-eziqinile ezibonakala ngezithelo eziphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Izithombo ezincane azikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwalezi zihlukahlukene.

Uhlobo luni?

I-Amber ingenye yezinhlobonhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-autumn apula, ethandwa kakhulu kuma-Urals aphakathi.

Uhlala engomunye wabahola iminyaka eminingi.

Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni ephakeme ngamazinga okushisa aphezulu, aziphatha ngendlela efana nokuhluka kwekwindla yokuqala..

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ezimweni ezinjalo, izithelo zilahlekelwa amandla abo okugcina isikhathi eside.

Zoned i-apula ehlukahlukene Yantar ezindaweni zase-Ural, Volga-Vyatka naseNtshonalanga yaseSiberia.

Kudinga ukuvota impova. Kulokhu, kunconywa ukutshala izihlahla eziseduze nama-pollinators. Njengoba izinhlobo zokugcina ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezifana Empire, Renet Simirenko, Fuji, Gala, Super Chef. Kukhona nezinye, iziphuzo ezincane zokuphuza impova.

Ama-apula alezi zihlukahlukene ahlukaniswa amandla abo okugcinwa ngendlela ehle kakhulu isikhathi eside.. Emva kokuvuna, izithelo zikhethwe ngokucophelela, zihlukaniswe zibolile futhi zonakaliswe. Bese befakwa emabhokisini bese befakwa endaweni emnyama, epholile. Okufanele kakhulu kunazo zonke izikhungo zekhompyutha noma ama-cellars.

Incazelo ezihlukahlukene Yantvr

Izihlahla ze-Apple ezihlukahlukene ze-Yantar zinezilinganiso zokukhula okuphakathi. Lesi sitshalo sibusika-siqinile futhi siyahlukahluka futhi sincane, kodwa sinomqhele oqinile.

Wonke amagatsha asemqoka e-apula ayenesono esincane, egcwele amagxolo amakhulu futhi akhula ngokuyinhloko esitokisini kuphela ngakwesokudla. Amanye amagatsha esiqongweni somuthi aphakamisa phezulu. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-branching ekhethekile yobudala obufanayo iyabonakala emasimini.

Ngokuba u-Amber uhlamvu olubonakalayo, oludwetshwe nge-grayish-brownish tint. Njengomthetho, zinde, zincanyana futhi zincinci.

Amapheshana amancane ombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka anesigqoko se-oval, esincane.. Sinesisekelo esincane, kanye nesiphuzu esicacile esinemikhono encane. Kulezi zihlahla ze-apula elibhekiswe emaphethelweni enziwe nge-tricogy. Iziqu zazo ziphakathi noma ngaphezulu. Ama-stiples anesayizi encane nesimo se-saber.

Esikhathini sokubhakabhaka emithini kubonakala sengathi kunezimbali ezilinganiselwe. Zigcwele ezimhlophe. Ama-Buds abe nombala we-cream okhilimu. Izinhlayiya ze-pistils zilingana ezingeni elifanayo njengezinhlayiya zothuli, kodwa zingatholakala futhi ziphakeme kakhulu kunabo.

Ubukhulu bezithelo zalolu hlobo luyingcosana - isisindo se-apple esiphezulu sihluka kusuka kumagremu angamashumi amane kuya kwangu-70.

Zonke izithelo ze-taper ezisekelweni, ngakho ububanzi obukhulu ngaphezu kwephakathi. Izithelo zigcwele ubuso obushelelezi.

Isikhumba sabo sinemibala enombala ophuzi futhi asinayo okuthiwa i-blush phezulu.. Bawanele umbhobho omncane, okuvame ukunciphisa kusuka ezinhlangothini ezimbili. Kubonakala ngumbuthane obuthakathaka nokukhanya.

Isithelo kwi-apula side futhi sincane. Ama-Sauce we-Amber ahlala flat futhi abe amahlanu hillocks. Izinkomishi zivaliwe, futhi amashubhu angaphansi kwesibhakabhaka afakwe isikhwama.

Inhliziyo ye-bulb yezithelo enezindawo eziningi ezivulekile zembewu. Lezi zinsuku ziqukethe inqwaba yezinhlamvu ezimbalwa nezinhlangothi ezincane zombala omnyama.

Pulp Ama-apula anombala wekhilimu. Kwanele dense, kahle-grained futhi ngempela ujusi. I-pulp enjalo ihlotshaniswa nohlobo lokubhoboza. Isithelo sinomusa ozwakalayo omnandi.

Isithombe

Ezithombeni ezingezansi ungabona ukuthi izithelo ze-apula zibukeka kanjani.

Umlando wokuzala

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-apula ze-yantar kubhekwa njengezinhlobo zokuqala zekwindla.. Kwaqala ukuqala eSverdlovsk Testimental Horticultural Station.

Umbhali walo ubizwa ngeP.A. Dibrov.y Izihlahla ezinezici eziningi ezithuthukisiwe zatholakala ngokuhlwanyela inhlanganisela yembewu ehlukene yempova yokukhululeka, eyayilethwa eMichurinsk.

Ukuzulazula kuvame kakhulu ezindaweni zaseVolga-Vyatka, eNtshonalanga yaseSiberia nase-Ural. Njengoba kunikezwe ubukhulu obuncane bezithelo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo azithintekile kakhulu, ezaziwa ngaphambili ezindaweni ezazisatshalaliswa kuzo. Kodwa-ke, lapho sithole inqwaba yezinhlobonhlobo zama-apula, ama-apula amasha ebusika nasekwindla engcono kakhulu, ukuthambekela ekunciphiseni kwenani labo endaweni yesigodi esisha kwaqala ukugcinwa.

Ekuzaleni, i-Amber isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izinhlobo zebusika ezivezwe izithelo eziphezulu.: Esikrinini nomhlali waseSverdlovsk, u-Emerald no-Isetskom ngasekugcineni, uPapirountarnoe noPepin Sverdlovsk, kanye nabanye.

Isifunda sokukhula kwemvelo

Lezi zihlukahlukene zithandwa ngenxa yokumelana nokushisa okuphansi.

Kulokhu, ingahlwanyelwa ezimweni ezifudumele nezibuhlungu.

Isifunda sase-Ural yindawo enhle yezithelo zemifino enezihlahla ze-apula Amber. Inzuzo yalo enkulu ukujwayela okusheshayo kwezimo ezihlukahlukene zemvelo..

Unamandla okuhlala esiqu. Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi akukho umoya oshisayo, ubanda, noma ukuphosa okushisayo ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kuyingozi ngemithi yama-apula.

Ukuthela

Apple izithelo Yantar igcinwe kahle emagatsheni zezihlahla. Ukuze isitoreji sasebusika eside (cishe kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJanuwari), kufanele kususwe kancane kancane. Ukuvunwa ngokuvamile kwenzeka emva kuka-Agasti 25. Ngemuva kwalokho, ama-apula aqala ukugcwalisa, okubanika ukunambitheka okukhulu nakakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngalesi sikhathi base bevele bangabokuqala ekwindla.

"Yantar" iyinhlobo ehlukahlukene yokuvumela. Ngakho Izihlahla ngokuvamile zithela izithelo okokuqala sekuyiminyaka emihlanu kuya kwesikhombisa emva kokuhluma futhi zihlinzekwe isivuno njalo minyaka yonke ekuphileni.

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa

Izihlahla ze-Apple i-Yantar ikhulile kusuka emahlathini noma ama-shanks.

Indlela yokuqala ivame kakhulu futhi ukutshala izihlahla endaweni ekhethiwe kahle.

Okukhethwa kwesibili kuhilela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-cuttings kuya empande.

Inqubo yokufika ifaka phakathi ekwindla kuze kube maphakathi no-Okthoba, noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ukuhleleka kungcono ukukhetha indawo ezovikeleka ngokuthembekile emoyeni abandayo unyaka wonke. Kudingekile ukuthi indawo ekhethiwe ingaba flat noma nge-slope kancane. Uma kunokwenzeka, i-apula iscono ukutshala endaweni ephakeme kakhulu..

Umhlaba ngaphansi kwalesi sigaba khetha i-medium loamy, ukuze umswakama onomsoco ugcinwe emhlabathini isikhathi eside. Kumele futhi kuqaphele ukuthi le nhlabathi inekhono eliphezulu lokuphefumula emoyeni. Ngakho-ke, ngokwendlela yokutshala ama-apula, imifino ye-meadow-chernozem kanye ne-sod-podzolic nayo ifanelekile.

Imbewu isitshala emgodini ngokujula kufikela kumamitha angu-0.6 ngobubanzi obuyizingalo eziyi-0.7.

Uma ugoba, kubalulekile ukususa ngokucophelela ingxenye engenhla egcweleyo yomhlabathi kuya ohlangothini ukuze umboze izimpande ze-seedling nayo.

Ingqimba engezansi isetshenziselwa njenge-roller engakwazi ukugcina umswakama isikhathi eside.. Bese bekhulula phansi bese beqala ukutshala imbewu ngqo.

Kubalulekile ukuthatha indlela enesibopho kulokhu, ngoba ukuthuthukiswa komuthi kuxhomeke endleleni efanele yokutshala. Izihlahla ze-Apple i-Yantar zitshalwe ukuze intamo yempande ibe umphumela ngamasentimitha amahlanu ngaphezulu kwezinga lomhlabathi.

Ukukhwabanisa kumele kuthunjiswe ngobumnene ngenkathi umgodi ulala - Inhlabathi iqinisa kakhulu futhi izimbobo ezakhiwe phakathi kwezimpande, zigcwele ngokuphelele. Ekupheleni kwenhlabathi ukunyathela, kancane kancane ukuhambisana.

Ukunisela izihlahla ze-apula, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuchelela okunamandla kuzothinta kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwezihlahla. Ngokuvamile, ngesikhathi sehlobo, amanzi amaningi amanzi akwanele.

Futhi, akufanele nanqabe izinyathelo zokuzivikela ezisiza ukuvimbela ukutholakala kwezifo: ukumba njalo isisindo somhlabathi, ukugcoba okumhlophe kwonyaka wesikhwama somuthi, ukuhlanganiswa kwemifino, ukuqoqwa okuvuthiwe kwezithelo ezivuthiwe neziwile, ukuhlanza amaqabunga omile omhlabathi. Phela, ngokunakekelwa kahle, izihlahla ze-apula zemifino ye-Yantar ziveza isivuno esiphezulu.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Yantar cishe azivezi ezinambuzane nezifo ezihlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni yemvula, izihlahla zivame ukutheleleka ngesikhumba. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kubalulekile ukufeza izinyathelo zokuvimbela.

Ngenxa yalokhu, izihlahla ze-apula zitshalwe ezindaweni eziphakeme, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi lezi zihlahla zazingekho amagatsha owomile nokuqina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele inikeze umoya omuhle kanye nokukhanya. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukudla okunomsoco - akudingeki ukwedlulele izitshalo ngamaminerali omanyolo.

Uma umuthi we-apula usuleleke ngesikhumba, ke-ke kubalulekile ukususa amagatsha amaqabunga, abonisa izimpawu zesifo.

Njengendlela yokulwa nayo, amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene asetshenziswa "Skor", "HOM", "Polykhom".

I-Amber iyinhlobonhlobo yamapula amahle, ama-juice. Angasetshenziselwa kuphela kwifomu lonke. IJam ne-jams zenziwe kubo, ama-juice kanye nama-compotes ahlekile alungisiwe. Sizazisa lezi zithelo ukunambitheka okumnandi okumnandi kanye nokuvunwa okuphezulu kwamashumi eminyaka ambalwa.