Ukulima i-Strawberry enkabeni yeRussia kuletha isivuno esisodwa ngesizini, ngenkathi ikhwalithi yaso ithonywa kakhulu yizici zemvelo zangaphandle. Ihlobo elibandayo elinemvula lenza konke okulindelwe kungabi nalutho. Amajikijolo akhula engatholakali, anamanzi futhi mancane. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukutshala kwalesi sitshalo se-thermophilic ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo nezindawo ezishisayo kudonsele ukunakwa okuthe xaxa njengabalimi be-amateur nabasebenza kahle ebhizinisini lokulima. Ungakhula ama-sitrobheli ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ehlobo noma unyaka wonke. Esimweni sesibili, amajikijolo ngokuvamile atshalwa ukuze athengiswe. Ubuchwepheshe bezolimo besiko ku-greenhouse buyehluka emhlabathini ovulekile kwezinye izici, ezinqunywa yisifunda esikhulayo, isikhathi sonyaka nezikhala ezivalekile.
Ubuchwepheshe bokukhulisa ama-sitrobheli endaweni ebamba ukushisa
Ukuze kutshalwe ama-sitrobheli endaweni ebamba ukushisa, kufaka phakathi nobusika, amaqembu amabili wezinto abalulekile:
- iqembu lokuqala - izimo zangaphandle zingashintshiwe nganoma yikuphi ukuhlukahluka. Kufanele zibhekwe zombili nangokulima okungafani nalutho endaweni evulekile, nangokulima okuluhlaza okotshani, kokubili ehlobo nasebusika. Okusho ukuthi, lezi yizimo zemvelo ngaphandle kokuthi i-berry nje ngeke ithele izithelo. Emzameni wokuthola isivuno endaweni ebamba ukushisa, sakha ngokwakha izimo ezisondele emvelweni;
- iqembu lesibili yizimpawu okufanele zibhekwe lapho kukhethwa uhlobo oluthile.
Umphumela omuhle, womabili amaqembu abalulekile.
Ama-Strawberry Fruiting Factors
Ukuze ibhungane lijabulise unyaka wonke, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo i-fruiting yenzeka kumhlaba ovulekile futhi uvaliwe.
Ithebula: Izithelo Strawberry
| Izici | Isici |
| Ukushisa komoya nenhlabathi | Isimo esifanele sizoba lokushisa lika +8 kuya ku-+24 ° C. Ehlelweni lokukhula, kuyadingeka ukufezekisa ukwanda kancane kancane kokushisa kusuka ubuncane kuya kokuphezulu. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuthi kube nokugcina ukushisa okufudumele. |
| Umswakama | Isiko lithinta kakhulu umswakama: kuyadingeka ukuthi kulondolozwe izinga lama-85% lapho ukutshala izinto bese kuncishiswa kube ngu-70% ngesikhathi sezimbali. Ukuswakama ngokweqile kungaholela ekuguleni kanye nokwehluleka kwezitshalo. |
| Isikhathi semini | Ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga, akukho sitshalo esisodwa esingakhula. Kuthatha amahora ayisishiyagalombili wokukhanya ngesikhathi sezimbali namahora ayishumi nesithupha ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa. Izinhlobo ze-Classical zithinta amahora okukhanya kwemini ephelele; izinhlobo zesimanje azithinteki. |
| Ukungcola | Ama-Strawberry adinga ama-pollinators - emvelo noma okwenziwe. Ngaphandle kokuvota, akunakwenzeka ukufeza ukusetha kwezithelo. Izinhlobo zokulungisa zanamuhla ziyazifukusa |
Izici eziyinhloko lapho ukhetha izinhlobo zama-sitrobheli zokuzalela okuluhlaza okotshani
Iphuzu elibalulekile ekutshalweni kwama-sitrobheli emhlabathini ovaliwe ukukhethwa kwezinhlobonhlobo. Ukukhetha okungafanele kwezinhlobonhlobo zokulima ubusika kugcwele ukudumala nokulahleka kwesilimo. Izinqubo kufanele kube yisifunda sokukhula kanye namakhono obuchwepheshe we-greenhouse. Azicatshangelwa kulesi sihloko.
Lapho uhlakulela ama-sitrobheli endaweni ebiyelwe ye-greenhouse, kufanelekile futhi unake lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- impova,
- ukuvuthwa kusenesikhathi
- ukufana kokuvuthwa kwezithelo,
- ukuthambekela emahoreni asemini.
Ukungcola
Ukuze kwakhiwe ama-sitrobheli, ama-pollinators ayadingeka. Ezinyangeni ezifudumele zonyaka, ngaphansi kwesibhakabhaka esivulekile, impova yenzeka ngokwemvelo ngokubamba iqhaza kwezinambuzane. Kodwa-ke, kuyaqabukela ukundiza ku-greenhouse, ngakho-ke ukubeka isidleke esinezinyosi kuyo kungaba yinye yezixazululo.
Ezinyangeni ezibandayo, lapho izinambuzane zifihla, ziphendukela ekungcoleni kokufakelwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngebhulashi, impova evela ezimbali evulekile idluliselwa kwezinye izitshalo. Yonke inqubo ilula, kepha esimweni sokukhula samanani amakhulu amajikijolo, inobunzima kakhulu futhi yinde.
Ukuqothula okwenziwe ngokufakwayo kwama-sitrobheli kwenziwa ngebhulashi noma ngendwangu kadoti.
Inketho yesibili yokuxazulula inkinga yokuvota ukukhethwa kwezinhlobo zokuzitholela impova. Kulokhu, ukungenela komuntu okwenziwa ngemishini kule nqubo akudingekile, futhi asikho isidingo sokubamba iqhaza kwezinambuzane. Cishe zonke izinhlobo zesimanje zokulungisa ama-sitrobheli ziyazinyakazisa. Abadume kakhulu yilaba:
- Elsanta,
- Indlovukazi u-Elizabeth II,
- Ostara
- I-Albion
- I-Sigose,
- Lyubava
- E-Fort Laremi,
- Isimangaliso sikaLikhonosov,
- IGeneva
Lapho ukhetha okuhlukahlukene, cabanga ngezimpawu zesifunda sakho. Enye yezinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu zokuthi impova phakathi kwabalimi yiNdlovukazi u-Elizabeth II, uhlobo oluncane lokuhlunga kabusha lwesihlahla. Udume ngokuzithoba kwakhe ngasikhathi sinye nokukhiqiza okuphezulu. Kuyaziswa ngekhono lokusetha inani elikhulu lezithelo, yamajikijolo aqine avumela ukubekezelela izinto zokuhamba, kanye nokwenqabela nokwenqena okwalandela.
Phakathi kokushiyeka, isidingo sokugqokwa masonto onke kwamabhishi amakhulu nokubuyiselwa konyaka kwezinto zokutshala kuyabonakala. Imvamisa isetshenziselwa ukukhula endaweni abamba ukushisa.
Ama-Strawberry Queen Elizabeth II abe nokunambitheka okumnandi nokumnandi kakhulu
Vele, izinhlobo ezintsha zokulungisa zixazulula izinkinga eziningi, njengokuvunda impova ngenkathi ebandayo. Kepha kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi zidinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe, ukugqokwa njalo okuphezulu kwezinto ezenziwe ngezinto eziphilayo kanye nomanyolo wamaminerali, ukushintshwa kwenhlabathi nezihlahla. Lesi isinxephezelo esingenakugwenywa sokwenza izithelo okuqhubekayo.
Ukuvuthwa kokuqala
Emgqeni ophakathi nendawo yesimo sezulu sayo esingazinzile, kufanelekile ukunaka izitshalo ezinesikhathi esifushane sokukhula. Lokhu kusebenza kuzo zombili izilimo ezivulekile zomhlaba kanye nezitshalo ezigcina ukushisa. Ukulima ama-sitrobheli avuthwa kusenesikhathi ku-greenhouse kuzodinga isikhathi esincane, okusho ukunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi, ugesi nokushisa ebusika.
Enye yezinhlobo zakuqala eziye yazibonakalisa phakathi kwama-amateurs nochwepheshe, iMarshmallow. Le nhlanganisela ethela phezulu inika ikhilogremu elilodwa lamajikijolo esihlahleni, avuthwe kusenesikhathi, iyamelana nesomiso nezinambuzane. Izithelo zibekezelelwa kahle futhi zigcinwa isikhathi eside.
Strawberry Marshmallow Okunhlobonhlobo - Ukuqala Nokukhiqiza Okuphezulu
Ezifundeni eziningi eziseningizimu, unganikela ngokukhetha izitshalo ezinezikhathi ezihlukile zokuvuthwa - okuphakathi nendawo. Kulokhu, kuzobhekwa umgomo wokuqhubeka kokuvuna. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kulinywe sitrobheli okuthengiswayo.
Ukuvuthwa okungalingani kwezithelo
Lesi sici sezinhlobonhlobo sibalulekile ekulimeni kwezimboni. Uzovumela ukuqoqa amajikijolo kakhulu. Ngeke kusaba nesidingo sokubukwa njalo nezihlahla ezivulekile zamabhushi ngifuna izithelo ezisanda kuvuthwa. Ukuvunwa kuzovunwa ngesikhathi noma ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ukungathathi hlangothi maqondana nemini
Izinhlobo zendabuko zakudala zidinga amahora amade okukhanya kwelanga ukuze athele izithelo. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinezithelo zazo ezingathinteki amahora emini. Uma emvelweni wokuhlanganisa ama-sitrobheli, kudingeka amahora angu-8 wokukhanya ngosuku, futhi uma kuvuthwa kuthatha cishe amahora angama-16, khona-ke izinhlobo ezingathathi hlangothi ziyavuthwa ngaphandle kokuqashelwa okuqinile kwalezi zimo. Izinhlobo zanamuhla zokulungisa ingxenye enkulu zinalolu phawu. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokutshala ubusika kwama-sitrobheli, kunoma yikuphi, kufanele usebenzise ukukhanya okungeziwe ngama-phytolamp.
Okudume kakhulu futhi okudingayo izinhlobo ezinjalo zokulungisa ama-sitrobheli asemini angathathi hlangothi njenge:
- Iphayinaphu
- UBrighton
- Mount Everest
- Indlovukazi u-Elizabeth II,
- INdlovukazi u-Elizabeth
- Isilingo
- Ukudakwa kweMoscow,
- Ubuhle be-Ozark
- Iphrofayili,
- Ocebile obomvu
- Sakhalin,
- I-Selva,
- Tribute
- Tristar.
Igalari yezithombe: Izinhlobo Ezijwayelekile zokulungisa amaNeutral Daylight Strawberry
- Strawberry ehlukahlukene Indlovukazi u-Elizabeth II - enye yezindawo ezidume kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi abaqalayo
- I-Strawberry Selva isengozini yokuthola izifo
- I-Strawberry Fruit Pineapple - Umbala Ongajwayelekile ne-Pineapple Flavor
- I-Strawberry ehlukahlukene i-Brighton ingena ngokushesha okukhulu
- Amajikijolo we-Queen Elizabeth ahlukahlukene - amnandi futhi aminyene
- IStrawberry Variety Temptation - ezenzelwe wena ngokwakho
- I-Strawberry ehlukahlukene ye-delicacy yaseMosike ivuthwa emasontweni ama-2 ngaphambili kunezinye izinhlobo
- I-Strawberry Variety Profusion Izithelo zaseFrance ezizalanayo kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuqhwa
- Red Rich Strawberry ezithela - kufika kuma-300 g ehlathini ngalinye
- Strawberry ahlukahlukene Tribute bred e-USA
- I-Tristar ehlukahlukene ye-Strawberry - ebusika-i-hardy, enamajikijolo amakhulu ama-masa 25-30 g
- Strawberry ehlukahlukene Mount Everest - mkhulu
- Ubuhle be-Strawberry Ozark Ubuhle baziwa ngamajikijolo awo amakhulu ngokungajwayelekile.
Ukunisela nokondla
Ama-Strawberry, njengezinye izilimo ze-berry, athande umswakama. Kodwa-ke, umswakama owedlulele uyingozi ezitshalweni ngesikhathi sezimbali naphakathi kokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo. Khumbula, amanzi akufanele avunyelwe ukuthi awele emacembe nasezimbali. Isixazululo esizedlula zonke ukuchelela ngokulinganayo.
Indlela engcono yokunisela ama-sitrobheni iwukudonsa
Lapho ukutshala izitshalo, ukuthambisa kwenziwa nsuku zonke. Esikhathini esizayo (ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali nezithelo) bashintshela embusweni ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-5-7.
Kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula, kuyadingeka ukufaka umanyolo ngamakhompiyutha ayinkimbinkimbi aqukethe i-nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ne-magnesium. Ungasebenzisa izixazululo ze-ketshezi (80 g ze-ammonium nitrate ezihlanjululwe ngo-10 l wamanzi nge-superphosphate ne-10 g kasawoti we-potassium).
Izindlela zokukhulisa ama-sitrobheli endaweni ebamba ukushisa
Ukhula sitrobheli unyaka wonke ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo kungenzeka ngezindlela eziningi:
- emibhedeni;
- emabhokisini, ezikhwameni, ezitsheni;
- indlela ye-hydroponic.
Izinto zokutshala zilungiselelwe kusengaphambili. NgoJulayi-Agasti, amahlumela sitrobheli - amadevu - izimpande emhlabathini ovulekile. Ngaphambi kwesithwathwa, ngo-Okthoba noma ngoNovemba, izihlahla esezikhulile zidluliselwa kwigreenhouse.
Ukusetshenziswa unyaka wonke, abamba ukushisa badinga ukufudumeza
Izithombo zokugcina izithombo zokutshala ezikhula unyaka wonke zidinga ukufudumeza, ukukhanyisa nomoya omncane. Ukunamathela ngokuqinile kuzo zonke izidingo ze-agrotechnical kuzoletha ukwaneliseka kwesivuno.
Emibhedeni
Indlela yakudala yokutshala amajikijolo ngqo emhlabathini ifaka ukutshala izihlahla emgqeni 1 m ububanzi ngokwesikimu se-15 × 15 cm noma ngo-20 × 20 cm. Inhlabathi yokutshala isetshenziswa njenge-loamy, enothile ngezakhi zomzimba. Ukuze ulungiselele, thatha inhlabathi enesoddy yokusabela kwe-acid engathathi hlangothi noma i-acidic engeza kancane, engeza umquba obunjiwe, sawdust, i-lowland peat, isihlabathi. Isilinganiso esihle yi-7: 2: 1, lapho izingxenye eziyisikhombisa zomhlaba we-turf, izingxenye ezimbili ze-peat, ingxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi esikhulu somfula. Ukwenza lula ukunakekelwa, amabala ahlanganiswa nge-agrofibre.
Khumbula ukuthi ukunqotshwa kwamahhashi kunikeza inhlabathi i-asidi eningi, futhi kuma-sitrobheli lokhu akuyona inketho engcono kakhulu. Ukwehla kwenhlabathi kungenzeka ngokungeza izipuni ezi-2 zikafulawa we-dolomite noma ingilazi yomlotha ebhakedeni le-peat.
Kuyinto elula ukubeka imibhede ngama-sitrobheli endaweni eluhlaza ngemichilo eyi-1 m ububanzi bese uyimboza ngama-geotextiles ngokumelene nokhula
Ukutshala okumile
Kungenziwa zombili emabhokisini nasezitsheni noma ezikhwameni.
Le ndlela inezinzuzo zayo:
- ukonga isikhala, ugesi wokupholisa nokubeka izibani. Kusebenza kanjani? Kwiyunithi elilodwa lendawo eluhlaza okotshani, ungabeka amazinga amaningi wokutshala. Ngasikhathi sinye, izindleko zokushisa nokukhanyisa zihlala zilingana nevolumu elinikezwe lokushisa okuluhlaza;
- lula - amajikijolo akwi-limbo, okwenza kube lula ukuwanakekela. Azidingi ukwenza hobhi, kulula ukuphefumula.
Kepha inani lokubi okufanele libhekwe:
- umhlaba emabhokisini noma ezitsheni kumele ushintshwe kanye ngonyaka;
- ukunakwa kusondele kakhulu kufanele kunikezwe umswakama - amabhokisi enkuni awoma ngokushesha, futhi umswakama ezitsheni zepulasitiki ungahle ume;
- amakhreyithi enkuni avela ekuxhumaneni njalo nomhlabathi omanzi ngokushesha ahluleka.
Lapho ulungiselela inhlabathi yeziqukathi ezenziwe ngezinto ezahlukahlukene (izinkuni, ipulasitiki), amandla abo okudlula nokugcina umswakama kufanele kubhekwe nawo. Khumbula, inhlabathi ezitsheni iyoma ngokushesha kunasengadini.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nendlela esekubhalweni kwethu: Imibhede emile: ukuthi ungasithola kanjani isivuno esikhulu se-sitrobheli ezindaweni ezincane.
Igalari Yezithombe: Ukukhula Kwentambo Strawberry Ngezindlela Ehlukile
- Izikhwama ezenziwe ngomumo zama-sitrobheli ezikhulayo zithengiswa ezitolo zezingadi
- Izitsha ze-sitrobheli zepulasitiki zibamba amanzi kangcono
- Impilo yamabhokisi okhuni enziwe ngama-sitrobheli okhulayo ilinganiselwe
Ukukhula Kwe-Hydroponic Strawberry
Indlela ye-hydroponic ingukudla kwezitshalo ikhambi elizuzisayo. Kulokhu, izimpande azikho emhlabathini, kepha ngokuqondile kusixazululo sezakhamzimba ekumiselweni emazingeni ambalwa. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi unciphise kakhulu inani lendawo okuhlalwa kuyo ngokutshala futhi wandise ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwamakhono wokugcina ukushisa. Futhi futhi okucacayo futhi ukungaxhumani komhlaba. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngumhlabathi ongumthombo wezifo wezitshalo.
Indlela ye-hydroponic igwema iziphazamiso zokuzalelwa kwe-sitrobheli zakudala
Ukuze ukhule ama-sitrobheli usebenzisa indlela ye-hydroponic, kutshalwa izitshalo ezitsheni noma emabhodweni, ezibekwe kwisisombululo sezakhi. Ukuhlelela izondlamzimba ngezinto eziwusizo, sebenzisa i-aquwater, moist-air, porous solid noma enye into ephakathi. Isidingo esibalulekile salezi zindawo ukuqinisekisa ukuphefumula okujwayelekile kwezimpande.
Kunezindlela ezi-2 zokukhulisa ama-sitrobheli ngokwe-hydroponically:
- Isihlahla ngasinye sifakwa ebhodweni elihlukile nge-substrate. Umsoco - umuntu ngamunye futhi ufinyeziwe ebhodweni ngalinye. Le ndlela ingasetshenziswa uma kunesidingo sokudla okuzimele kwezitshalo ezahlukahlukene.
Lapho usebenzisa indlela yoku-1 yokukhula ama-sitrobheli e-hydroponics, isihlahla ngasinye sifakwa ebhodweni elihlukile nge-substrate
- Izitshalo zitshalwa ezimbizeni ezine-substrate ekhethekile, yona, ibekwe ezitsheni ezinkulu ezivamile ngesixazululo esikhethiwe. Izimpande zeStrawberry zidlula endaweni engaphansi kanye nezimbobo ezimbizeni bese zifinyelela kusisombululo.
Ngendlela yesi-2 yokukhula ama-sitrobheli yi-hydroponics, amabhodwe ngamanye afakwa esitsheni esijwayelekile
Ama-sitrobheli e-hydroponic asetshenziswa kaningi ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo zezimboni.
Ividiyo: Ama-sitrobheli e-hydroponic
Ukubuyekezwa
Uma uhlela ukukhulisa amajikijolo athengiswa - udinga izinhlobo ezinamajikijolo aminyene athuthekayo. Enye into ebaluleke kakhulu “ngokuhweba” okuhlukahlukene ukungafani kwamajikijolo ngosayizi. Kulula ukuthengisa amajikijolo aphakathi nendawo amakhulu kunaleso nesiqingatha esikhulu.
I-Viktorio//farmerforum.ru/viewtopic.php?t=792
Kungcono ukutshala ama-sitrobheli ekwindla nasentwasahlobo, kepha ngesinye isikhathi sonyaka kungenzeka, usazokwazi ukudala izimo zokufakelwa. Futhi kusuka ekuyekeni - lokhu kuyadlula kwesinye isikhathi, ukhula, ukuchelela, umanyolo omncane futhi njalo ngonyaka kubuyekezwa izithombo ezincane. Umbono wami ukuthi kungcono ukukhulisa emabhokisini, amabhodwe abe nendawo encane yezimpande kanye nengqimba.
Semenjpl//forum.derev-grad.ru/domashnie-rasteniya-f97/kak-vyrastit-klubniku-v-kvartire-t9005.html#p126841
Kwesinye isikhathi ebusika ngithenga ngaphandle, kepha amanani entengo, yebo, futhi iningi lifisa ukunambitheka nephunga, ngakho-ke ngithole umbono ngempela!
UDolgopolova Alena//forum.derev-grad.ru/domashnie-rasteniya-f97/kak-vyrastit-klubniku-v-kvartire-t9005.html#p126841
Ukukhula kwama-sitrobheli sekuheha abantu kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe bezolimo bukuvumela ukuthi wenze lo nyaka unyaka wonke. Futhi bobabili abalimi abangama-amateur nabasebenza kwezolimo bangaphumelela kulolu daba.
