Ukuhlakulela izinhlobo ze-apula Ukuhlanzeka ngeke kukulethe inkathazo enkulu futhi nabo bayokuthokozisa ngezithelo ezihlwabusayo nezomnandi izinyanga eziningi.
Uhlobo luni?
Lezi zihlahla ze-apula ziyizinhlobo ze-autumn zezihlahla ze-apula.. Isikhathi sokuqoqa siwela ekupheleni kukaSeptemba. Kodwa ukuvunwa kungenziwa kamuva, njengoba ama-apula avuthiwe awewi.
Isisindo esisisindo sesithelo cishe 150 amagremu. Ama-apula alezi zinhlobonhlobo angokwezinhlobo zezimboni, ngoba izimfanelo zabathengi zesithelo ziphansi. Izithelo ezingamaphesenti angu-30 kuphela ezivela esihlahleni esisodwa zinemikhiqizo emihle yomkhiqizo.
Ama-apula akhethiwe alondolozwe kahle.
Izimo ezithandekayo zokugcina kwazo zibandayo futhi zibumnyama. Ungadla ama-apula kulokhu okuhlukahlukene kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya ku-Mashi.
Ukuvota
Izihlahla ze-Apple ziphakathi kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene impova kuphela kuphela izinambuzane.
Ithiphu: uma ukutshala i-apula akufanele ukushintshe nezinye izihlahla zezithelo. Lokhu kuzoba ngcono izinga lempova.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo ze-Freshness
Ukubukeka kudlala indima ebalulekile lapho ukhetha i-apula.
Esikhathini isithombe ngemuva kwencazelo ye-apple tree Ukuhlanzeka, ungabona izithelo zawo.
Ngaphandle, izihlahla ze-apula zibukeke zibuthakathaka kakhulu.
Bakhula ngokushesha ngokwanele. Izihlahla ziphansi, zinomqhele ohlangene.
Amagatsha aqondiswa phezulu. Amahlumela awawona mkhulu, asundu, ashicilela kancane. Amaqabunga afana ne-oval, kunobuningi. Ipuleti leqabunga elisemkhatsini lincane kakhulu, liphikisiwe.
Umbala weLeaf uhlaza obumnyama. I-inflorescence isayizi obukhulu, obomhlophe ne-pink.
Izithelo ezilinganiselwe. Isisindo sezithelo ezivuthiwe cishe amagremu angu-150, okungajwayelekile nge-200 amagremu. Ukuma kwe-apula kuyindilinga, izimbambo zibizwa.
Isikhumba siphezulu esiphansi, sibhebhezela, sinamafutha kancane kulokhu okuthinta. Umngcwabo ubukhulu obukhulu futhi isoso sikhulu kakhulu.
Amakhamera weMbewu avaliwe. Inyama imhlophe, isinyene, iyamanzi, inomuncu kumnandi. Umbala wesithelo ngokwawo uphuzi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, imivimbo ebomvu ivela eceleni.
Isithombe
Umlando wokuzala
Izinhlobonhlobo zohlobo olusha watholakala e-All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Breeding Fruit Crops ngo-1976.
Izinhlobo zokuzala ezibandakanya u-E.N. Sedov, V.V. Zhdanov noZ.M. Serov.
Lapho bewela lezi ezihlukahlukene, indlela yokuxuba yayisetshenziswa. Izakhi zofuzo zithathwe izinhlobo ze-Antonovka Krasnobochka no-PR12T67.
Esikhundleni somkhakha wesibalo somama u-Antonovka. Ukuze impova ikhethwe ibanga labababa. Kuphelele, izihlahla zomama ezingama-15 zahlanganyela ekuhlolweni, kodwa emva kokuvota kokuqala kuka-10 kuphela. Kwavela kulawa masampuli angu-10 ukuthi impova yathathwa ukuze iqhubeke nokuvota.
Ngaphambi kwenqubo yokuvota impova, impova yahlanzwa ngokujulile, futhi ngenxa yalokhu, ababelethi bakwazi ukuthola imbewu yezinhlobonhlobo ezintsha. Ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kwesitshalo esisha kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa indlela yomqondisi. Phakathi nesikhombiso kuya ezihlukahlukene ezintsha, i-Vf geni yanezelwa., okuqinisekisile ukuphikisana okukhulu kwezifo ezihlukahlukene.
Isifunda sokukhula kwemvelo
Isifunda sokukhula kwemvelo kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo kuphakathi kweRussia. Izinhlobonhlobo zihambisana kahle nokukhula emazingeni aphansi.kodwa ukumelana kwayo kweqhwa kungcono kakhulu.
Ukuze uvumelane nesomiso esinzima, udinga amanzi amaningi. Ngaphandle kokunisela okwanele, umuthi uzokhipha. Lokhu kuhlobene ngokuqondile neqiniso lokuthi izihlahla ze-apula zithatha izakhi ngezindlela ezimpande ngendlela ehlakaziwe. Futhi ngokuntuleka kwabo komuthi ngeke bakwazi ukukhula ngendlela evamile futhi balethe isivuno esihle. Ngakho-ke, kuphela inani elanele lomswakama lingasiza ukuba livumelane nezimo ezishisayo.
Lapho ulungisa izimo ezihlukahlukene ezibandayo, izinyathelo ezikhethekile azidingekile.njengoba leli banga linemibono emihle yokumelana neqhwa. Into kuphela engasiza isihlahla ngokushesha ukuphuma esimweni esicindezelayo ifaka umquba nge umquba eziphilayo.
Ukuthela
Umkhiqizo walezi ezihlukahlukene uphezulu.
Isihlahla siqala ukuthela izithelo iminyaka emihlanu emva kokutshala.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele okuvela esihlahleni esisodwa ungakwazi ukuqoqa kuze kufike ku-45 kilogram yama-apula. Isikhathi sokuvuna siwela ekupheleni kukaSeptemba. Ngalesi sikhathi, izithelo zifinyelela isisindo esihle, kodwa izithelo ezivuthiwe aziwa. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ukwandise kancane isikhathi sokuvuna. Imvamisa ye-fruiting yalezi zinhlobonhlobo - 1 isikhathi ngonyaka, kodwa uneminyaka yobudala be-apula, lesi sibalo sehla.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Impilo ye-Apple incike ngokugcwele kumuntu. Kuphela ngokufunda indlela yokunakekela kahle i-apula, ungathola izivuno ezinhle kakhulu.
Izihlahla ze-Apple azizithobeki ezimweni zokukhula. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukubeka kahle lezi zihlukahlukene kusayithi. Ufanelwe kahle indawo ekhanyayo, hhayi kude nezinye izihlahla ze-apula.
Izimbiza zokutshala izithombo akufanele zibe mkhulu kunamitha ayi-1, futhi angaphezu kuka-60 cm ububanzi. Umhlabathi emgodini kufanele ukhule futhi ukhululeke. Uma ngaphambili kusayithi lokutshala ama-apple izihlahla zomquba kakade sekusetshenzisiwe, ngakho akudingekile ukuba umanyolo umhlabathi.
Kubalulekile: lapho inhlabathi igcwele umanyolo, i-apula izokukhula kahle, kodwa isivuno siyoba mpofu.
Uma utshala umuthi okumele ulandele intamo, kufanele ube sezingeni eliphansi. Emva kokutshala, umuthi kufanele uthululwe ngobuningi ngamanzi. Lokhu kuzovumela umhlaba ukumboza izimpande ngokuseduze.
Ukunakekela umuthi we-apula kuyadingeka sonke isikhathi. Ukunakekelwa okufanele kwe-apula kufanele kube okuphelele futhi kufaka izinyathelo ezinjalo ezidingekayo njenge:
- Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwesihlahla.
- Amanxeba okuphulukisa.
- Ukusika izihlahla ezomile nezonakalisiwe.
- Ukuhlanza nokukhulula inhlabathi ezungeze isihlahla.
- Ukuphalaza ngokumelene nezinambuzane.
- Ukuphuza njalo.
- Ukugcoba isiqu.
Ukuqaphela lezi zinyathelo zokunakekelwa, i-apula izoletha isivuno esihle unyaka nonyaka.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Apple Trees Freshness okungajwayelekile ukugula. Ngenxa yegciwane le-Vfoni, cishe ayitholakali nezifo ze-fungal. Futhi izinga labo lokumelana ne-scab liphakeme kakhulu. Kodwa ngisho nezihlahla zalezi ezihlukahlukene kungase kube ngaphansi kwezifo ezinjenge-bacterial burn, umdlavuza omnyama. Ake sihlole ngokuningiliziwe izinyathelo zokulwa nazo:
- Ukushisa amabhaktheriya kwenzeka ngenxa yokunakekelwa komuthi okungalungile. Izindlela eziyinhloko empini yokulwa nokushiswa kwebhaktheriya ukubhujiswa nokucwiliswa komthombo wokutheleleka.
- Umdlavuza omnyama ivela kumlingana omncane. Into esemqoka ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukungena kwisayithi. Ama-fertilizer asePotassium afaneleka njengezinyathelo zokuvimbela.
Ukubonakala kwezinambuzane ngama-apula kuyisimangaliso esesabekayo. Izinyathelo zokulawula izinambuzane eziyisisekelo:
- I-aphid eluhlaza. Ukucubungula ukumnika kwe-dandelion kusiza ekulwa nama-aphid kuma-apula.
- Apple Mole. Isixazululo seClorophos yiyona ndlela kuphela ekwazi ukubhubhisa amabhu ku-apula.
- Isikhwama sephepha. Uzosiza ukuqeda isisombululo se-leafworm se-nitrofen.
- Apple Blossom. Ukuvimbela ukuhlasela kwe-beetle yembali, udinga ukucubungula i-apula ngesixazululo se-karbofos.
Izinhlobo ze-Apple Ukuhlwithwa kusakazwa kabanzi emapulazini asezimboni. Bazuza udumo lwabo ngenxa yokuphikiswa kwezifo ezinhle.
Ngeshwa, izithelo azikho izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zempahla., kodwa lokhu akubavimbeli ukuba abe yinye yezinhlobonhlobo zokudla ezidumile zabantu abadala nabantwana.
Futhi kule vidiyo ungabona umuthi we-apula okhula engadini:
