Iphakathi

Ezihlukahlukene eziphakathi kwe-pear: incazelo, izici zokutshala nokunakekelwa

Amapheya, ikakhulukazi, izitshalo ezingenakuzithoba ezingadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile noma izimo ezikhulayo. Ngenxa yabalimi, abalimi banamuhla banethuba lokugcwalisa iziqoqo zabo zezihlahla zezithelo nezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ezifanele ukulima ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zezulu.

Umlando wezinhlobo zokukhiqiza zamapheya "U-Rogned"

Izinhlobonhlobo zamapheya e-Rogned yizithelo zomsebenzi wabalimi baseRussia. Ukuze kuzalwe izinhlobo ezintsha eziphikisana nesithwathwa nezifo, ososayensi basebenzisa izinhlobo ezimbili zomzali: "Isihloko" nethi "Ihlathi Elihle". "Inhloko" ngokuvamile isebenza njengesisekelo sokudala izinhlobo eziphuthumayo futhi ngokwayo izici ezikhulayo, njengokumelana nesomiso nokuswakama okungapheli, umonakalo wefungal kuya emahlamvu kanye nezithelo, kanye nobunzima bebusika.

Ibanga elithi "Ubuhle behlathi" - ibanga laseBelgium lamapheya anezinkomba eziphakeme zokunambitheka, ukungathobeki kokushiya nokuvuna okukhulu. Ngokuhlanganisa izimfanelo ezinhle zezinhlobonhlobo ezimbili, eparelini elithi "Rogned" abakhiqizi bathola inketho engenazo izinkinga ezikhethekile. Wabuye wathatha igama elifanele - "Rogneda", okushiwo yi-Slavic version kusho "ozelwe ukubusa."

Izinhlamvu eziphakathi kwelaba "Rogneda"

Izinhlobonhlobo zikwazi ukuzakhela impova, kodwa konke kuxhomeke endaweni yezinhlamvu. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi u-fruiting, kungcono ukunakekela izidakamizwa. Ngolunye u-Rogned pear, ama-pollinators amahle kakhulu yi-Vidnaya, Enkumbulweni ka-Anzin, e-Chizhovskaya, e-Milad. Zonke izihlahla zokuvuthwa kufanele zibe nobusika-obuqinile futhi zibe nesikhathi esifanayo sezimbali.

Kubalulekile! Uma uhlwanyela izitshalo eziphakathi kwe-pear, kunconywa ukutshala izinhlobo eziningana esiqhingini, umahluko oncane ekuvuthweni.

Incazelo yomuthi

Izinhlobonhlobo ze "Rogneda" zine incazelo eningi kakhulu, kodwa okokuqala kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukukhula okuphakathi, ngoba ukuphakama komuthi omdala akufinyelele ngaphezu kwamamitha ayishumi. Umuthi awuhlanganisiwe, amahlumela aphikisiwe kancane futhi anemibala emnyama. Isihlalo sobukhosi sinabantu obukhulu, obumbene, ubujamo be-pyramidal. Amahlamvu aluhlaza, futhi amaqabunga amaqabunga amaqabunga amaqanda anamazinyo emaphethelweni atholakala kuma-petioles ende. Kunamahlumela amaningi, avuke amicably, futhi izimbali zikwazi ukuphumelela ukukhuthazelela ukushisa kwehla.

Incazelo yezithelo

Izithelo zisezingeni elimnyama futhi zinomumo ohlangene, ngesisindo esilinganisiwe sama-gramu angu-120. I-rind iluhlaza, futhi lapho inqubo yokuvuthwa iba mbala ophuzi. Inyama yombala oily, u-cream okhilimu. Ukunambitheka kwesithelo kumnandi ngamanothi we-nutmeg.

Izinhlobo ze-Pros and cons

Inzuzo enkulu ye-Rogned pear yizinkomba zokukhiqiza. Ngokwesilinganiso, esinye isihlahla esakhiwe singakwazi ukuqoqa kuze kube ngu-50 kg wezithelo. Iphayari ibekezelela ukushintsha okungazelelwe kokushisa, ikakhulukazi, nokuncipha kwabo. Izinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana nezifo ezinkulu kanye nezilokazane zezihlahla zezithelo, njengesiko. Abalimi bezitshalo balinganisa izinhlobonhlobo ze "Rogned" ukuvuthwa kokuqala, ukumelana nezikhathi ezomile, kanye nokunambitheka kwezithelo. Inzuzo ye-pear Rogned yikhono lokugcina isikhathi eside nokulula ukuhamba. Isihlahla siqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesithathu emva kokutshala. Ngokuvamile izithelo zishiswa kabusha, kodwa zihle ekuvuneni kwasebusika.

Izimo ezimbi zihlanganisa isikhathi se-fruiting kanye nokuthambekela kokuvuthwa lapho kuvuthiwe, ngakho-ke ukuvuna kwamapheya kuyenzeka esiteji sokukhanya kwayo.

Uyazi? Izinto eziningi ezihlukene zenziwa ngokhuni lwezinkuni: ifenisha, izitsha zasekhishini, ababusi, izinsimbi zomculo. Ubungqayizivele bokhuni eliphakathi kwamapayipi ukuthi alithinti ama-aromas, liqinile futhi alinakukhubazeka.

Izici zokutshala izinhlobo zezithombo zama-pear "Rogneda"

Izinsuku zokutshala ezamukelekayo ze-Rogned pear: Ngo-Ephreli (kuze kufike amaqabunga aqhakaza) noma iminyaka eyishumi yokuqala ka-Okthoba.

Ukukhetha indawo yokufika

Pear "Rogneda", uma ugcina imithetho yokutshala nokunakekelwa, uzophendula ngokuvunwa okucebile, okunomsoco nokuphilile. Khetha indawo ekhanyisiwe yepeyari, ngaphandle kwalokho izithelo ziyoba mnandi; emthunzini i-pear izoveza isivuno esincane. Gwema ukuhamba okuncane kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, nasezindaweni eziphansi kwezwe kufanele kube nomsele ophansi. I-acidity yenhlabathi kufanele ihambisane nezinga le-pH le-5.6-6.

Inqubo yokuhambisa isinyathelo

Umgodi we-seedling kumele ube ngamasentimitha angama-80 ngobukhulu, kanti ibanga eliphakathi kwezithombo kufanele libe ngamamitha angama-1 nengxenye. Okubaluleke kakhulu kokutshala yizimbewu ezineminyaka emibili nantathu ubudala, nezinqubo ezinamandla neziguquguqukayo, ngaphandle kokulimala okubonakalayo.

Umhlabathi wesakhiwo uhlanganiswe nama-humus nesihlabathi emabhakede amabili bese ufaka ama-800 amagremu enkuni. Ngaphambi kokutshala ngokuqondile, izimpande zenzalo zifakwe kwisisombululo esishukumisayo. Khona-ke, uthele ingxenye yenhlabathi elungiselelwe phezu kwemithombo, faka isithombo, uqondise izimpande zawo, umboze ngenhlabathi esele bese uyichoboza, ukuyicindezela kancane. Intamo yentambo ye-seedling kumele ibe ngu-5 cm ngaphezu kwenhlabathi. Emva kokutshala, isitshalo esincane siboshelwe isikhonkwane futhi sinisela kakhulu, bese sigcwele umjikelezo we-trunk nge-mulch.

Kubalulekile! Uma usufaka i-pear ngaphandle kwe-coma yenhlabathi, kubalulekile ukumba umuthi ube ububanzi obuningi ukuze ungalimazi izimpande, futhi ngemva kokususa, kukhishwa phansi ngemfoloko.

Izici ukunakekelwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zama-pear "Rogneda"

Njenganoma yimuphi omunye umdwebo wepeyidinga udinga ukuchelela, ukufaka umanyolo nokuhlanza ngesikhathi esifanele emhlabathini kokhula.

Indlela yokuvikela eliphakathi kwezinambuzane nezifo

Ngisho nokuphikisana kakhulu nezifo kanye nesiko lokubulala izinambuzane kudinga ukuvimbela, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izinyathelo zokuzivikela ezingathí sina. Ukuvikeleka kwe-Rogned pear ezivela ezinambuzaneni kuvame ukuqhutshwa ngokusifuthisa ngamakhemikhali, nakuba kwezinye izimo izixazululo zabantu zisiza: ukumnika i-marigold noma i-garlic, ukuqongwa kwamatamatisi. Ama-fungicides, ukwelashwa kwe-prophylactic ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuba izinso zivuvuke noma zifake ngokuphindaphindiwe ngesifo se-lesion zizovikela i-pear ezifweni.

Indlela yokuqhuba ukuchelela

Baphuza amapheya izikhathi ezine ngenyanga, kanye namalitha ayishumi amanzi ngomuthi owodwa omdala. Uma kwenzeka isomiso esinzima kungenzeka ukufiphala amahlamvu.

Kuyathakazelisa Ukukhulunywe kokuqala kokubhaliwe okuphakathi kweyesibili leminyaka BC. e. I-South Asia ibhekwa njengendawo yokuzalwa yamapheya asendle. EYurophu, lesi sitshalo seza iminyaka engu-1000 BC. e., nakwamanye amazwe aseMelika atholakale ngaye ngaye eminyakeni engamakhulu amane edlule.

Ukudla nini futhi kanjani

Umanyolo wephethini "U-Rogned" wenziwa empandeni. Ama-organic fertilizer noma izingoma eziyinkimbinkimbi zamaminerali ezihlahla zezithelo zihle kakhulu ekuzigqokeni okunjalo. Yondla isitshalo ngenkathi ekhulayo ekhulayo, ngesikhathi sezimbali, kanye nokubunjwa kwezithelo. Ngemuva kokugqoka, inhlabathi ezungeze isitshalo ihlanganiswa.

Ukukhipha izihlahla nini futhi kanjani

Ukusika izikhonkwane "I-Rogned" ibanjwe njalo ngonyaka, umqhele uphelelwa ngaphandle futhi amahlumela aqinile kuphela ahlala. Qinisekisa ukuthi uhlanza amagatsha abuthakathaka nabonakalisiwe, amahlumela asomile noma aphukile. Umqhele wokugcoba ukwandisa ikhwalithi ye-fruiting futhi unciphisa ingozi yezifo.

Amapareya akhula "Agijima" emgwaqeni ophakathi ubaluleke kakhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo ubusika-obuqinile, bunomkhuhlane, kokubili izifo nezinhlekelele zemvelo: isomiso noma izinguquko ngokuzumayo ekushiseni. Emazingeni okushisa aphansi aphikisana nombala wepeyari, okuyisimo esibaluleke kunazo zonke zezithelo ezithela izitshalo.