I-currant ebomvu ihluke kumnyama hhayi kuphela umbala nokunambitha, kodwa futhi naseziciweni zobunjiniyela bezolimo kanye ne-fruiting.
I-Currant Red Andreichenko inezindawo eziningi eziyingqayizivele.
Amajikijolo, amaqabunga namahlumela asetshenziselwa imithi yendabuko.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziphelele ukucubungula i-jelly ne-jam, futhi kuvame ukuqedwa.
Incazelo ezihlukahlukene Andreichenko
Ukuphakama kwesibhakabhaka se-1-1.5 m, hhayi ukusikeka kakhulu, okuzungezile, okweqabunga kakhulu. Amahlumela kunobunzima obuqinile, obuqinile, obuqondile, obomvu orange obala, obushelelezi, obukhulu, obunamahlumela aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Amahlamvu ezinhlanu ezikhomba, ezincane, eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ezinobunzima obunamathele, obumnyama, obunomunwe ngaphansi.
Amajikijolo kuhle esikhulu, esilinganisa u-0.5-1 g, obomvu obomvu, nxazonke, ehlangene ebhulashi elincane.
Emaphethelweni okushayela amajikijolo amancane, avuthwe ngokuhlangana, awaphuli uma ngaphezulu. Inyama iyinambitheka kakhulu, iyinambitha, iyamnandi, inomunyu omncane nembewu enkulu. Isikhumba sinomzimba, kodwa sihlala isikhathi eside. Kuthunyelwa kahle, kodwa igcinwe okwesikhashana, cishe amasonto amabili.
Isithombe
Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zavela ekuqaleni kwama-50s. ikhulu leminyaka elidlule, ngenxa yezinhlobo ze-pollination engahleliwe ze-Red Cross. Abalimi beSiteshi Sokuhlola I-Novosibirsk I.V. Shpileva, D.A. Andreichenko no-A.I. Degtyarev.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zenziwa ngo-1987 ezindaweni zase-Ural, Mid-Volga neSiberia. Kakhulu kakhulu ubusika obuhlukahlukene obusika, futhi ngenxa yalokhu, ikhulile ensimini yawo wonke u-USSR wangaphambili. Lezi zihlukahlukene ziye zathola ukuthandwa kakhulu ezindaweni ezimozulu, futhi kuvame ukutholakala hhayi kuphela eRussia, kodwa naseBelarus naseMelika yaseBaltic.
Kulezi zifunda, akuyona kuphela i-currants ebomvu etshalwa emasimini, kepha futhi abamnyama, njengeBiraira, iBelorusskaya sweet, Grossaya, Gulliver nezinhlobo zeDachnitsa.
Izici
Izinhlobonhlobo ziphakathi nonyaka. Ukuvuthwa okugcwele kwamajikijolo kwenzeka phakathi kukaJulayi, kodwa bangahlala ehlathini cishe inyanga.
Ukuthela izithelo isihlahla siqala eminyakeni emibili emva kokuduka. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ezithela kakhulu, ezinakekelwa kahle ezivela ehlathini elilodwa zingaqoqa kuze kufike ku-6 kg amajikijolo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezihlukahlukene ziphikisana kahle neqhwa. Ekuqaleni kwezimbali kungaba ukumelana frost ngisho ephawulekayo, ngaphandle kokulimaza ifihlekile kanye amahlumela. Ezihlukahlukene ezizimele futhi ayidingi impova yokunye. Amajikijolo amnandi ukucubungula nokusetshenziswa kokusha.
Kusukela emajikijolo alezi ezihlukahlukene bapheka jam omuhle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngokuhambisana nama-apula ezinhlobonhlobo ezilandelayo: Summer Summer, Malt Bagaevsky, iMantet, Bolshaya Narodnoe, Medunitsa, Elena nendodakazi kaMelba.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Indawo yokufika kufanele kulungiswe kahle, ngamanzi aphantsi komhlaba aphansi, avikelwe emiphambeni enamandla. Izinhlobonhlobo azikwesabi isimo sezulu esibanda, kepha amahlumela amahlumela esihlahleni angaphuma emoyeni we-squall. Isakhiwo kufanele sibe flat, hhayi ephansi, ngaphandle shading.
Isikhathi esihle sokuhlala lokhu okuhlukahlukene kuzokwenza ekwindla ekuqaleni, ekupheleni kukaSepthemba. Uma utshala izihlahla eziningana, ibanga eliphakathi kwawo kufanele libe okungenani li-1.5 m.
Lungisa inhlabathi kusengaphambili.
Cishe inyanga ngaphambi kokutshala, isayithi liyakhiwa, ukhula luyakususwa, ikakhulukazi ukolweni utshani nokuhlwanyela amahlumela, futhi kusetshenziswe umquba owenziwe ngamanzi nobunamaminerali: ama-5-6 kg omquba noma umquba, kanye no-1 tbsp. l i-potassium sulfate ne-superphosphate imitha ngayinye. m
Uma inhlabathi iyasebenza, khona-ke impela iyisiqhwaga.
2 amasonto ngaphambi kokutshala, ungakwazi ukumba imbobo, ubukhulu obungama-50 * 50 cm. Umgodi olungiselelwe u-2/3 wevolumu ugcwele ingxube yocansi eliphakeme lomhlaba, ama-compost amabhakethi noma ama-humus, nge-3 tbsp. l superphosphate, 2 tbsp. l i-potassium sulfate no-0.4 kg wezinkuni umlotha. Ukusuka ngenhla uthele ungqimba omncane womhlaba ohlanzekile, ohlwetshiwe, uthele amanzi kahle bese uqala ukutshala ezinsukwini ezingu-2-3.
Shrub ngokucophelela efakwe emgodini olungiselelwe futhi wangcwatshwa, ngokuqinile ukugubha inhlabathi. I-Currant ikhetha ukungenelela okuncane, ukuhlwanyela, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpande ezingcono. Emva kokutshala nxazonke zitshalo wenze umgodi ojulile, unisela kahle futhi uhlanganiswe ngobuningi obukhulu be-peat noma i-humus. Ngokushesha, ukusika izihlahla emva kokutshala kuzokwenziwa: wonke amagatsha aqhathaniswa, eshiya ubude buka-10-15 cm. Naphezu kokumelana nesithwathwa, ebusika bokuqala emva kokutshala, isihlahla esincane siboshelwe ngokucophelela futhi sihlanganiswe.
Ukunakekela iminyaka emithathu yokuqala i-currant ebomvu iqukethe ekutheni, ukuphuza futhi ukukhulula inhlabathi nokukhulelwa okufika ngesikhathi. Ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ungondla isihlahla nge-organic (6-7 kg we-humus ngayinye imitha yesikwele) kanye namaminerali (20 amagremu we-urea ne-potassium sulfate kanye namagremu angu-100 we-superphosphate ngamamitha ayi-square). Ngaphansi kwebusika kuphela umquba eziphilayo ezisetshenziswayo.
Lapho uneminyaka engama-4 nangaphezulu, inani lomanyolo landa: 10 kg we-humus, ama-gramu angu-30 we-urea ne-potassium, nama-gramu angu-100 we-superphosphate ngamitha yendawo ngayinye. m entwasahlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo ze-fruiting zenza ukondla okwengeziwe, okungenani izikhathi ezine ngesikhathi sokukhula.
Okokuqala okunjalo ukugqoka okuphezulu sebenzisa ngaphambi kokuzimbali, okwesibili - ku ukubukeka kwama-ovari, ngemva kwamasonto amabili - ukuvunwa kwesithathu nangemva kokuvuna - okwesine. Kuzo ezintathu zokuqala, ungasebenzisa izitshalo ezikhethekile eziyinkimbinkimbi zamaminerali ezitshalo zeberry. Okwesine, superphosphate ne-potassium sulfate (2 tbsp. Ngamabhakede amanzi) kungaba ngcono.
Ukugqoka okubaluleke nakakhulu futhi okubalulekile. Kungcono ukuwasebenzisa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kanye nokubunjwa kwama-ovari.
Ngenxa yalokhu ungasebenzisa ukukhushulwa kokukhula kanye nokwakheka kwezithelo. Kungcono ukwelashwa okunjalo ezindaweni ezomile, ekuseni noma kusihlwa.
I-currant ebomvu idinga ukuchelela njalo, ikakhulukazi esimweni esomile neshisayo. Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kubhalwa ukuchelela ngesikhathi sejikijolo kokuqala nangemva kokuvuna. Izinhlobonhlobo ze-currant u-Andreichenko impela isomiso, kodwa ngokuntuleka kobumswakama, amajikijolo abe amancane, asomile, kanti isivuno sihla kakhulu.
Ngaphandle kokutshala, njalo bafeza izihlahla ezihlongozwayo zokuvuselela izihlahla. Ungayisebenzisa kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Eminyakeni engu-2-3 emva kokutshala, izihlahla zokuqala zokukhiqiza zenziwa: wonke amagatsha aqhathaniswa futhi akhula eduze komhlaba asuswe, eshiya 4-5 eqine kakhulu.
Akunakwenzeka ukunciphisa amagatsha - lokhu kunganciphisa kakhulu ukuvuna ngonyaka ozayo.
Izihlahla eziguga ukuguga ziqala iminyaka engu-7 emva kokutshala. Wonke amagatsha endala angakhulayo aqothulwa, esikhundleni saso, amahlumela amasha. Ukusika izikhathi ngesikhathi esifanele nokunakekelwa kahle kwe-currants ebomvu kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yezifo.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Phakathi kwezinzuzo eziningi zezinhlobo ezibomvu currant Andreichenko zingabonakala futhi eziningana ukwehluleka: ukutholakala kokulimala nge-anthracnose kanye ne-aphid yengongolo.
I-Anthracnose i-currant iboniswa ekubukeni kwamaqabunga amachashazi amancane abomvu. Ziyakhula masinyane, zihlangane futhi zidale amaqabunga asele ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi awa phansi. Amahlumela e-Anthracnose nawo angathinteka. Izimo ezihle kunazo zonke zokubonakala kwesifo ziwumswakama ophezulu nesimo sezulu esifudumele.
Ukuze silwe nalesi sifo, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, isihlahla siphathwa ngesisombululo sethusi noma se-nitrafen. Ukwelashwa kwesibili kwenziwa ngaphambi kokusila, usebenzisa i-1% ye-sulfur colloidal. Emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10-12 - okwesithathu. Ukufafaza kokugcina kwenziwa ngemva kokukhipha amajikijolo usebenzisa i-%% ye-Bordeaux liquid.
Phakathi kwezifo zasadini, i-anthracnose, i-bacteriosis, i-chlorosis, i-rubella kanye ne-carcinoma ye-bacteria yande kakhulu. Ungazijwayeza izinyathelo zokuvimbela kwazo ezihlokweni zesayithi lethu.
Ngezinye izikhathi ibanga u-Andreichenko ingase ihlaselwe ama-aphid amaqabunga. Ungabona izibungu zalo ngaphansi kweqabunga, lapho ifomu elincane elibomvu lokuvuvukala ifomu. Amaqabunga awonakele asomile masinyane futhi awe phansi.
Njengezindlela zokulwa, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, isihlahla siphathwa nge-karbofos (40 amagremu ebhakede ngalinye lamanzi). Ukufafaza isitshalo esithintekile ngesisombululo sensipho noma ukukhishwa kwe-garlic kusiza kahle. Ungasebenzisa impova nge uthuli noma isinamoni. Wonke amaqabunga abathintekile namahlumela kumele ahlulwe futhi ashiswe.
Ukuze ugweme ukuhlasela kwalesi sifo, kuyadingeka ukutshala imibhede eminingana kagalikhi noma utamatisi eduze kwesihlahla se-currant. Kubuye kudingeke ukuba ukhulule njalo umhlabathi, uhlanza amaqabunga awile futhi ugobe ngokucophelela emhlabathini ekwindla.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-currant ebomvu "u-Andreichenko" iningi kufanelekile:
- isivuno esikhulu;
- ukunambitheka okukhulu;
- isethulo esihle;
- ubusika obunzima;
- ukunemba.
Ukungalungi kakhulu kakhulu:
- ukuphikisana okungekho emthonjeni we-anthracnose;
- ngezinye izikhathi kungahlaselwa amaqabunga e-gallic aphid.
I-currant ebomvu "u-Andreichenko" ephelele ukutshala ekhishini labo lasehlobo, futhi ngokunakekelwa okufanele kuzonikeza isivuno esivamile.
Kumele futhi uqaphele izinhlobo ezinjalo ze-currants ezibomvu, njengoNatalie, uJam no-Beloved.
