Izihlukahlukene ezingenakuzithoba nokunambitheka okukhulu - uVolochaevka cherry

Lokhu kuhlukahluka kuyakwazisa ukunambitheka okungenakuphikiswa nokungazitholi kokuqhathanisa.

Kuyinto enqabile kakhulu futhi ibusika kahle, ayidingi ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela kakhulu.

Amajikijolo obomvu okukhanyayo eVolochaevka akhokhwa abathandi be-cherries e-dessert. Ukunambitheka kuhlanjululwe, kumnandi, hhayi ku-tart.

Ngokuqhubekayo incazelo yencazelo yezinhlobonhlobo zama cherry Volochaevka nezithombe lapho uzobona ukuthi yini le cherry ibonakala.

Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa

Izinhlobonhlobo zibhalisiwe esigabeni "sezithelo zetshe" ebhalweni lombuso futhi sezivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa eRussia kusukela ngo-1997.

Isakazwa esifundeni esiphakathiIsibonelo, esifundeni saseMoscow.

Yakhiwe eSelection Institute for Horticulture and Nursery (i-FSBIS WSTISP), isikhungo esidala futhi esifanele esasigubha iminyaka engu-80 ngo-Agasti 2015.

Ukuze uyithole Evstratov A.I. Ama cherries Vladimirskaya neLyubskaya awela.

U-Anatoly Ivanovich unemiphumela emihle ekudaleni amasampuli angenqamuki, usebenzisa izindlela zomdabu nezindlela ezintsha zokukhiqiza. Isandla sakhe sisezinhlobonhlobo ezidumile zenkumbulo e-Enikeeva.

Ukubonakala kwe-Cherry Volochaevka

Cabanga ngokwehlukana umbono wezwi lomuthi nezithelo.

Isihlahla

Amajikijolo avuthwa phezu kweziqu ezinomqhele ohlosiwe kanye nesembozo esincane esinamahlathi, amaqabunga ombala omnyama obumnyama nobukhulu obuphakathi. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungamamitha amathathu. I-Novella inokuphakama okufanayo kwesihlahla.

Izithelo

Amajikijolo enama-oval, elikhulu kakhulu, elilinganiselwa ku-4.5 g., futhi ithambo liyingayizi ephakathi futhi lihlukaniswe kalula. I-beacon efanayo ingaziqhayisa izithelo ezifanayo.

Kulula uma ucubungula, kodwa amajikijolo nawo ahlanzekile okuhlwabusayo, ahluke ku-dessert ukunambitha ngomunyu omncane.

Umsi wombala obomvu obomvu ubonisa ukuthi lezi ezihlukahlukene ziyiqembu le-moreli noma i-griotov. UVladimirskaya noGriot eMoscow.

Izinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene

Cherry Volochaevka ubusika obunzimakodwa ukumelana kwayo kweqhwa kunomkhawulo: ekushiseni okungezansi -30, izinso ziyathinteka futhi lokhu kunomthelela omubi ekuvuneni. Ubusika-hardiness bubuye bube ne-Shokoladnitsa, i-Chernokorka, i-Shubinka, inomusa.

Iqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesine futhi iletha cishe 12 kg.lokho kuthathwa njengesivuno esiphezulu. Fruiting njalo ngonyaka ekupheleni kukaJulayi. Umvuno omuhle kakhulu ubonisa futhi uMalinovka, omkhulu omkhulu, Hope.

Lokhu kusikisela lokho ukuhluka kwelangakanye nabangaphambili, isibonelo u-Annushka, uvuthwe ngoJuni noma ekuqaleni kukaJulayi. Phakathi kwezinye izinzuzo - ukumelana kahle ne-moniliasis ne-coccomycosis, nakuba kubhekwa njengesijwayelekile.

Ezihlukahlukene ezizimeleNgakho-ke, akudingi ukuvota impova kanye nomkhiqizo awuncike ekutheni izinambuzane zokuvotela, indawo eminye yemithi kanye nezimo zesimo sezulu.

Isikhathi esifanayo, i-Lighthouse ne-Youth ibuye ibe ne-self-fertility.

Isithombe

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa

Ukungahloniphi kukaVolochaevka akufaki isidingo sokulandela imithetho elula kakhulu kodwa ebalulekile.
Ukufika

1. Kutshalwa ngo-Ephrelingaphambi kokuba ifihlekile ekude kwamamitha amathathu emigodini enobubanzi buka-60 cm nokujula okufanayo. Umgomo ukuthola uhlelo lwempande endaweni eqondisiwe.
2. Ekuqaleni, kuyadingeka ukuhlola izimpande: unqume labo abonakalisiwe, futhi uma bome kakhulu, babambe emanzini amahora amaningana.
3. I-Humus, i-potassium chloride, i-superphosphate, nomlotha yanezelwa emhlabathini, nesihlabathi sobumba.
4. Isikhonkwane sinyanyiswa phakathi nendawo lapho isithombo siboshwe khona. Khona-ke ingxube iyathululelwa, ubuso bubekwa futhi buhlanganiswe ukuze intamo eqinile iqhube kancane emhlabathini. I-roller yenziwa ukuze imbobo yenziwe.
5. Ukunisela kwenziwa nge-2-3 amabhakede.
6. Umgodi wokufika uhambelana - ivikela ekukhuphukeni komswakama kanye nokuqhekeka (ngotshani, umquba).

Ukunakekela
Ihlanganisa imisebenzi ehlukahlukene:

• Isivikelo esivela ku-frost sisebenza njengemfihlo kanye nomusi. Isikhala ngaphansi komqhele sigcwele iqhwa, bese kuthiwa ungqimba lwe-mulch. Igcina inhlabathi igcwele isikhathi eside, izimbali zizolibaziseka futhi ukupholisa kuzohamba ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa.

  Uma ubhema, i-sawdust noma i-peat igxiliwe ukuze yenze umusi obanzi, okukuvumela ukuba uvikele i-Volochaevka emakhazeni. Lena yindlela ethandwayo, ukungalungi okubandakanya ubungane obungekho emvelo kanye nobunzima bokuthatha isiqondiso somoya.

• Umanyolo. Iminyaka eminingana, okwenziwe ekuqaleni ekuqaleni ngokwanele. Ngemva kwalokho banikeza ukudla okungeziwe, kodwa ngokulinganisela: izihlahla ezingaphezu kwamanzi zihlushwa kakhulu ebusika.

  Ukusetshenziswa komquba kanye nomquba namaminerali asetshenziswayo. Isu eliqondile lingashintsha futhi kuxhomeke esimweni semithi nezinye izici, futhi ngokuvamile kubukeka kanje:

  1. Urea ibambe iqhaza kulo nyaka wesibili;
  2. entwasahlobo, ngonyaka wesithathu benza umquba we-nitrogen ohlanjululwayo emthini ngamunye;
  3. Urea uqaliswa ngonyaka wesi-4 entwasahlobo; ehlobo noma ekwindla - kabili superphosphate ne potassium sulfate; ekwindla ngendaba ephilayo yenziwa;
  4. Ammophosh isetshenziswa ngonyaka wesihlanu nesithupha;
  5. I-7th - urea entwasahlobo esivumelwaneni esiseduzane sokumba, futhi ekwindla - superphosphate ne-potassium sulfate, engokwemvelo yengezwa emiphakathini yonyaka;

  Ngokulandelayo ezintweni zemaminerali kanye kanye neminyaka emine eziphilayo ezilinganiselwe ngomnyaka wesikhombisa.

  Akufanele sikhohlwe mayelana nokukhawuleka kweminyaka emihlanu. Ngenxa yalokhu, kusetshenziselwa i-limestone, i-choki ne-dolomite.

• Ikhulula umhlaba uchithe ngenkathi yonke yokukhula okungenani kathathu. Umhlaba okhululekile kahle nokhula usiza ukukhula nokuvikela izilonda.

• Ukudubula bayakwenza njalo ngonyaka, bekhulula i-trunk ekuqinekeni okungadingekile: amagatsha omisiwe, kanye nalabo abaphazamisa ukukhula okufanele. Lokhu kwenziwa entwasahlobo, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ekupheleni konyaka, isibonelo, ukususa amagatsha aphukile.

• Ukunisela I-Cherry Volochaevka ayifuni kakhulu ukuchelela, noma kunjalo, ikhiqizwa ngezikhathi ezithile: emva kwezimbali; ngesikhathi sokuthululwa kwesithelo; ekuqaleni kwekwindla. Ivolumu esetshenziselwa cishe cishe amalitha amahlanu. Izidingo ezingeziwe uma kusetshenziselwa umquba omanyolo omile.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Kokomikoz livela engxenyeni engenhla yeqabunga elinamabala asundu namachashazi futhi ziqhakaza phansi. Ziyakhubazeka futhi zanciphisa, izithelo zinezinyosi. Emva kokuvuna, kufanele uchithe amaqabunga.

Uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka okukhulu, uphathwa nge-urea ne-Bordeaux liquid.

Izinhlobonhlobo Zhukovskaya, Podbelskaya noKharitonovskaya banemibono emihle yokulwa ne-coccomycosis.

Monilioz kubangela ukuguqulwa. Amagxolo agcwele ukukhula, athululela kumajikijolo, abese esomile. Izingxenye ezithintekile ngokushesha zinqunywe futhi zibhujiswe.

Ekulweni kusiza: i-sulfate eqinile, i-Bordeaux liquid, i- "Topsin-M" nesisombululo se-aqueous se-perchloric copper oxide.

Phakathi kwezinye izifo kungabizwa i-perforated spotting, i-anthracnose, ukwelashwa kwe-gom.

Ukubonakala okuphazamisiwe, kanye ne-moniliosis, ihlasele amaqabunga nezithelo, kubangele ukuthi bome. Ukulwa nalesi sifo kuqhutshwa ngezindlela ezifanayo.

I-Anthracnose ikakhulukazi kuthinta izithelo: ama-speck ezinamabala, ama-bumps futhi kukhona i-patina ebomvana, bayomisa.

Isiza ukuphinda kathathu nge-Poliram.

Ukuziqhenya atholakala ngaphambi kokukhishwa kwamanzi angenambala - i-gum.

I-sulfate ye-Copper kanye ne-lime iyaphathwa nge-prophylaxis, umonakalo uphathwe nge-patralatum.

I-Volochaevka yizinambuzane eziyingozi, kubandakanya:

1. Aphid esiphuza ijusi. I-Inta-Vir ne-Spark isetshenziswa.
2. I-Weevil. Udla amaqabunga, izimbali nama-ovari. Ukukhulula, ukufiphala kwe-kinmiks kanye ne-carbaphos kusiza.
3. I-Larvae sawfly emangcwabeni udle amaqabunga. Inta-Vir ulwa naye.
4. Isibungu udla amahlumela, amaqabunga namaqabunga. U-Decis no-aktar bazosiza kulo.

I-Volochaivka inhle kakhulu engxenyeni ephakathi yaseRussia, futhi, uma ulandela imithetho elula yokunakekelwa, uzojabulela izitshalo ze-dessert iminyaka.

Buka ividiyo mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo ze-cherry Volochaevka.