Eminyakeni eminingi edlule yaseSoviet, ama-balconi kanye ne-loggias babekwe eceleni ukuze kugcinwe izinto ezingcolile nezonyaka. Kodwa-ke, namuhla lezi zindawo zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukudala izivande ezivundile, ukutshala izingoma ezinhle zombili ebhodini ngokwalo nasemabhokisini ensimbi.
Ukukhethwa kwezitshalo kule njongo namuhla kunkulu. Kulesi sihloko, sizokwazisa omunye wezinto ezithakazelisayo kunazo zonke nokubukeka ekunakekeleni - uphizi omuhle. Ukuze ufunde indlela yokutshala ama-peas amnandi ebhodini, ngezinhlobo zayo ezidumile kanye nezici zokulima ezifundwa ngezansi.
Izinhlobonhlobo ezinhle zama-peas amnandi okukhula ebhaleni
I-Sweet Peas (lat. Lathyrus odoratus) - i-flower culture yaminyaka yonke, ingeyomndeni we-legume. Igama layo lalingenxa yokuthi lapho izimbali ziphuma iphunga elimnandi kakhulu. Enye igama lembali rank elimnandi. Imvelaphi yalesi sitshalo iya emuva kakhulu esikhathini esidala futhi aziwa ngokuqinisekile.
Uyazi? Imikhuba yama-sweet peas iholela eSicily, lapho iNgisi yamyisa khona ngo-15. Ukukhethwa kwale mbali kwaqala kuqala ngekhulu lesishiyagalolunye leminyaka ngumsosayensi waseScotland uHenry Ekford. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, izinhlobo zezinhlobo eziningana zama-peas amnandi zenziwe, zihlangene zaba ngamaqembu angu-16.
Isiqu se-peas elimnandi sinama-curly, esincanyana, esinyakatho, esinezinhlanzi ezincane. Amaqabunga ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka enomthunzi omuhle wegrey. Emaphethelweni anezintuthwane ezikuvumela ukuba ubambelele ekusekeleni bese ukhula njenge-liana.
Izimbali ezincane (2-6 cm) ziqoqiwe ngama-racemes wezimbali ezingu-15 noma ngaphansi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ziyaqhakaza izimbali ezingu-5-6. Ubude bemibala ngayinye yazo - izinsuku ezingu-4-5. Umbala wabo ungaba ohlukile: omhlophe, obomvana, ukhilimu, obomvu, i-violet, ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, njll. Inkathi yezimbali ide kakhulu-kusukela ngoJuni kuya ku-Okthoba.
Izinhlobo zihlukaniswe zibe zide, ukukhula okuphakathi futhi okufushane. Izitshalo ezide kunazozonke zingafinyelela ku-2.5-3 m, ezansi kunazo zonke zibhekwa njengezimbali ezifinyelele ku-20 cm. Izinhlobo ezide zitshalwe emasimini, zokugcina izithombo (zokusika).
Izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-100 zifanele ukutshala emabhaleni, emasimini naseGazebos. Amaqembu e-varietal athandwa kakhulu yi-Spencer, i-Galaxy, iRoyal, i-Winter Elegance, i-Rufled. Izinhlobo ezincane ezikhulayo (Mammut, Bijou, Fantasia, Cupid) zisetshenziselwa umuthi wamanzi.
Futhi, izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-peas zimehluko ezahlukene kanye nemibala yezimbali. Kungekudala, ababelethi babe nombono wesikhathi eside.
Kubalulekile! Uma ukhetha ama-peas ahlukahlukene, kubalulekile ukucabangela ubukhulu bendawo okuhlelwe ngayo ukutshala, umthunzi wakhe kanye nokuba khona kwamanye amasiko kuwo.
I-peas enhle ingahlanganiswa nezinye izimbali. Uma izinhlelo ziwukulimala okuqondile kwebhokisi, i-petunia ne-hops zizokwenza.
Uma ingadi ehlanganisiwe eduze nawe ungatshala ama-rose nama-geraniums.
Ukwanda ama-peas amnandi ngokusebenzisa izithombo
Izimbali zama-sweet peas zisakazwa ngezindlela ezimbili:
- imbewu;
- izithombo.
Ngaphambi kokutshala ama-peas amnandi kwizithombo, udinga ukunakekela ukulungiselela inhlabathi kanye nembewu kusengaphambili.
Ukulungiswa komhlaba
Uma uhlela ukutshala izithombo kumhlabathi wensimu, kumele ulungele ukuwa. Njengoba ama-peas amnandi atshalwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, phakathi nalesi sikhathi umhlaba ovulekile uzoqhwa. Inani elidingekayo lomhlaba lifakwe ebhaleni futhi ligcinwe kuze kube sehlobo entwasahlobo endaweni epholile.
Amaviki okuqala kaMashi - isikhathi esiphezulu kakhulu lapho kufanele utshale ama-peas amnandi kwizithombo. Izinsuku ezingu-6-7 ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela inhlabathi kumele zilethwe endlini ukuze zifudumale. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufanele kuhlanganiswe ne-peat mix for izithombo ezikhulayo (ezithengiswa ezitolo ezikhethekile).
Uma uhlela ukutshala ama-peas ekuthengeni komhlaba, khona-ke inhlabathi "Universal", "Ukuze izitshalo zasendlini". Izinkomishi zepulasitiki ezijwayelekile zingasetshenziselwa ukutshala imbewu, ngoba zenzele izimbobo zangaphambili zamanzi, noma iziqukathi ezikhethekile zezitshalo. Amathangi kudingeka agcwaliswe umhlaba kanye namanzi amaningi.
Ukulungiselela imbewu nokutshala
Ngemuva kokuphatha umhlabathi, kubalulekile ukulungiselela imbewu. Ukuze banqume ukuhluma kwabo, imbewu ihlungwe ngosuku (amahora amaningana) emanzini afudumele (50-60 ºС) amanzi. Ungaphinda ufeze inqubo ye-disinfection yabo.
Kubalulekile! Imbewu kuphela yombala omnyama ayifanele ukuhamba. Imbewu encane yamanzi ayithandi.
Ngosuku olulandelayo, lezo zimbewu ezihamba phezu komhlaba, ziphonsa. Okusele ngezansi, ukuvuvukala, gqoka indwangu encane futhi ikhava ngopula epulasitiki. Ngaphambi kwalokho, ukuze kube nethuba elikhulu lokuhluma, ijazi lembewu lingabanjwa ngommese noma izikhali ze-nail. Nakuba le nqubo ingcono kakhulu eyenziwa ngabalimi bembali abanolwazi.
Ikhono lembewu lifakwe endaweni efudumele izinsuku ezintathu, njalo libahambisa. Emva kwalesi sikhathi, kufanele baqale ukukhafulela (isikhathi eside singadingeka), futhi bangatshala emhlabathini. Ngenxa yalokhu, izimbobo ezincane (2.5-3 cm) zenziwe emhlabathini ezindebe, imbewu eyodwa itshalwa kuyo futhi ipholile ngomhlaba. Amakhono afanele afakwe nge-foil.
Uma imbewu ingahlwanyeli hhayi ezigumbini ezihlukene, kodwa kwisitsha esisodwa, kufanele itshalwe kude no-8 cm komunye nomunye. Emva kokutshala imbewu kufanele kuphuziswa. Ngokushesha lapho kuvela amahlumela aluhlaza, ifilimu kufanele isuswe. Beka izindebe noma i-tray endaweni enelanga.
Ukunakekelwa kwesithombo
Ukunakekela izithombo zama-sweet peas kuhilela ukuqapha izinga lokushisa. Okungaphakathi akufanele kushise kakhulu. Ukushisa okukhulu kungu-20 ºС. Igumbi kufanele libheke njalo, futhi izithombo kufanele ziphuze ngokulinganisela (izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngesonto). Ukondla izithombo nge-nitrogen fertilizer kungenzeka.
Ngemuva kokuba amaqabunga kuqala avele ezitshalweni, kufanele ahlulwe, ashiye u-14 cm phakathi kwamahlumela. Uma kuvela amahlumela, kufanele asuswe ngaphambi kokutshala.
Ukutshala izithombo
Emabhokisini emabhokisini namahlumela amabhodlela atshalwe ngendwangu yomhlaba emva kokushisa kwesimo sezulu. Inqubo yokutshala kufanele iqhutshwe ngokucophelela, ukuze ingalimazi amahlumela amancane namanje nezimpande ezingasetshenziswa kahle.
Lokhu kufinyeleleka kangcono uma imbewu isetshenziswe kahle ngaphambi kwalokho, bese indebe lapho itshalwe khona inqunywa ngezikhali futhi yonke inhlabathi isuswe lapho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo enhlabathini emgodini we-balcony kwenziwa ama-groove angakwazi ukufaka ihlumela kanye ne-clod yonke yomhlaba.
Uma izitshalo eziningana zitshalwe, izikhala phakathi kwazo zishiya okungenani ama-20-25 cm ubude, kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo ezikhethiwe. Izitshalo ezide zitshala izicucu ezingu-4 nge-1 square. m
Ukuze ujwayele indawo entsha ye-peas kuyoba cishe amasonto amabili, ngalesi sikhathi angase abone ukuntuleka kokukhula. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, amahlumela anconywa ukuba abe nomthunzi ekukhanyeni kwelanga.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yama-sweet peas ngqo emabhokisini ebhalini
Isiteji sezithombo ezikhulayo ze-peas zingadluleka, futhi ziqale ukukhula kusuka enhlanzini ngokushesha endaweni lapho imbali izokhula kamuva. Futhi uma uzohlwanyela i-peas ebhokisini lebhokisi eduze kwezinye izitshalo, khona-ke le ndlela izokuba yedwa kuphela.
Enye yezingqinamba zayo eziphawulekayo ukuthi imbali izoqhakaza kamuva - ngoJulayi no-Agasti. Nakuba le nkinga ibuye ixazululwe, kwanele ukumboza ibhokisi ngokugoqa epulasitiki ngesonto ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kufudumele umhlaba kahle.
Ukulungiselela inhlabathi kanye nembewu uma utshala ngokuqondile emabhokisini amabhoksi akufani nalesi nqubo lapho uzalisa izithombo. Ukuze uthole ukuthuthukiswa okuvamile, i-pea elimnandi idinga ukujula (okungenani okungama-60 cm) futhi hhayi umthamo omkhulu kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Ukutshala ama-peas amnandi kungcono kakhulu ngezinhlamvu ezithengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile.
Imbewu yokutshala ikhetha impilo entsha, ishalofu engaphezulu konyaka owodwa. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamacembe amabili wesithathu kunconywa ukubamba susa izitshalo, Lokhu kuzokwenza kube nokugqugquzela ekuthuthukiseni amahlumela aso. Ezinhlobonhlobo zakuqala zezimbali zithatha izinsuku ezingu-60 emva kokuhlwanyela.
Indlela yokunakekela ama-peas amnandi ehlobo ebhaleni
Ama-sweet Peas - lesi sitshalo asizithobeki ekunakekeleni, kepha kusadingeka ukuthi kunakekelwe kancane futhi kulandelwe imithetho ethile yezolimo. Ikakhulukazi le mbali ayibekezeli:
- ilanga eliqondile;
- umthunzi ogcwele;
- umswakama obuningi;
- amaconsi aphezulu okushisa.
Uyazi? Ipea elimnandi kuphela isitshalo se-ornamental; umuntu akufanele acabange ukuthi kungenzeka ukuba akhule isivuno. Igama elifanayo lembali kanye nepelepele liyisigameko nje.
Inqubo ebalulekile yokunakekelwa kuyoba ukukhishwa ngokushesha kwezimbali ezifakiwe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwakheka kwezithelo. Phela, uma i-peas iqala ukuthela izithelo, izimbali zayo ziyancipha.
Ukuchelela okulungile
Ukuphuza ama-peas amnandi kufanele kube okulinganayo. Le nqubo ihamba kahle ekuseni noma kusihlwa. Kuwusizo ukuwufiphaza kumshini wokufafaza, ngenkathi uqinisekisa ukuthi lesi sitshalo asikho ngalesi sikhathi elangeni, kungenjalo ukushisa kwamaqabunga kungenzeka.
Uma ukuchelela amanzi okugeleza kufanele kuqondiswe kude no-20 cm ukusuka kulesi sitshalo.
Emva kokuphuza inhlabathi ngaphansi kwesitshalo, kuyisifiso sokuphulukana nayo ukuze uthole ukufinyelela okungcono kwe-oxygen ezimpandeni.
Ngezikhathi ezithile ezomile nezishisayo, ukuchelela kufanele kube nokuningi futhi kuvame njalo.
Kanye kanye namasonto amabili ungangezela umanyolo emanzini ekudleni okuphephile.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kanye nomanyolo
Phakathi nesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo nangaphambi kokuzimbali, imbali idliwa kanye kanye namaminithi ama-mineral nitrogen. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ungasebenzisa umquba wamaminerali "Flower", "Agricola" (kabili). Ukubheka ngokugqoka akufanelekile. Kukhona ingozi ukuthi lokhu kungaholela ekukhuleni okusheshayo nokukhula kweqabunga.
Ama-stalks we-Garter
Izitshalo ze-Garter zenziwa ngemva kokubonakala kwezintuthwane zokuqala ekupheleni kwamaqabunga. Kulesi kuvulumu udinga ukwelula intambo bese ubopha i-peas kuyo nge-twine.
Kuyoba njengesiqalo sembali, khona-ke yena uzoqala ukukhetha ukwesekwa kwakhe amahlumela. Uzodinga kuphela ukulungisa ukukhula kwawo ngendlela efanele. Ukuze imbali ikhululeke ukugoqa, ungafaka igridi noma isitimela.
Ukuhlakulela ama-peas amnandi ebhodini ngeke kube nzima futhi kuzokunika izimbali ezimibalabala isikhathi eside nesikhathi eside.
