Isihlahla sesithelo esivame kakhulu siwu-apula.
Izinhlobo zakuqala zithandwa, njengoba kunconywa ukuba zisetshenziswe ngokushesha ngemva kokuvuna.
I-Mantet ehlukahlukene-uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwezihlahla zama-apula zakuqala.
Uhlobo luni?
Apple tree mantte ibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo zasehlobo. Izithelo zigcinwa okwesikhashana, ngisho nokugcina yonke imithetho yokugcina izinhlobo zehlobo: ukugcina ipholile, ama-apula angadliwa cishe amasonto amathathu.
Izinhlobonhlobo ezinconywayo zokuvota impova yizihlahla zama-apula uMelba, uPapirovka noRed Melba.
Incazelo ezihlukahlukene Mantet
Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-apula zihlukile kakhulu ekubukeni kwezihlahla nezithelo zazo.
Ngokujwayelekile izihlahla ube nobude obuphakathi.
Apple umqhele okungajwayelekile, oval in shape.
Amagatsha enamandla, eqondiswe phezulu.
Amahlamvu izihlahla zine-ellipse, zikhomba phezulu, eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ezinkulu, ezikhumba.
Amahlumela Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinombala obomvu futhi une-pubescence eqinile.
Flower I-manthet isayizi ngobukhulu, ifana ne-saucer, futhi ifihlekile imbali ingumbala ophuzi obomvu nomthunzi we-lilac.
Usayizi we-Apple I-mantet isilinganiso.
Isisindo sesithelo esisodwa ufinyelela kuma-gramu angu-180, amancane - ama-90 amagremu. Ukuma kubumbene, kugobile, kancane kancane.
Kuqaphele i-degree encane yokukhwaza phezulu.
Umbala wemibala evamile - oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi, njengoba livuthiwe, liphuzi.
Ikhasi ingase ifakwe ngokubomvu okubomvu noma okukhanyayo okwesibhakabhaka okuhlanganisa i-specks.
Ikhava mncane, ubushelelezi.
Fruit pulp umbala unombala omhlophe, onama-pink tinge, omanzi, unomnandi omuhle futhi unambitheka kancane omuncu.
Imbewu ye-Apple ezincane, ezincantathu, ezimnyama.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-apula kuyasiza kakhulu empilweni, ngaphandle kokungaboni ngaso sonke isikhathi:
- ascorbic acid,
- titrated acid,
- ushukela,
- izinto ze-pectic.
Isithombe
Ku-apula yezithombe "i-Mantet":
Umlando wokuzala
Kukholelwa ukuthi i-Mantet ehlukahlukene ingumfiki waseCanada. Kutholakala ngosizo lwe-pollination yamahhala e-Grushevka Moskovskaya abalimi esikhungweni saseCanada sokuhlola ukulima e Morden, Manitoba.
Kodwa-ke, abanye abalimi bakholelwa ukuthi izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zaseRussia, zangeniswa eCanada ngabafuduki baseRussia. Kodwa ngokusemthethweni lezi zihlukahlukene zivela emvelaphi yaseCanada.
Isifunda esikhulayo
I-mantet ikhula, engokwemvelo kulezi ezihlukahlukene, ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esifana neCanada, futhi zihlanganyela ekuhlaleni lezi zinhlobonhlobo.
Futhi, ngokusho kwerejista yombuso, ukukhula kwemvelo kwalezi zihlukahlukene yi-Middle Volga nezifunda eziphakathi.
Izifunda ezisenyakatho ziphikisana ngenxa yokungahambisani ne-apple frosts.
Ukuthela
I-mantet ibhalwe njenge-skoroplodny - iqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesithathu. Izihlahla ezincane ziletha isivuno esihle futhi esicebile, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi isivuno siba nesimo esingenakulinganiswa, singakwazi ukunye okunye phakathi neminyaka.
Esikhathini sezinhlobo zama-apula ama-fruiting amaningi kakhulu ngobukhulu obuncane.
Izinsuku zokukhula kusukela ekupheleni kukaJulayi no-Agasti.
Kodwa ukungalungi akukona ukuvuthwa okufanayo ngesikhathi samapula, ngakho-ke, ukubhekwa kuyadingeka ukuze ungaphuthelwa ekuqaleni kokususwa nokuvimbela ukuvuthwa kwesithelo.
Ngakho-ke, ama-apula anemakethe emakethe.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Umuthi ngamunye wesithelo unezici zawo zokutshala nokunakekelwa.
Abalimi bezitshalo batusa ukutshala noma yikuphi okuhlukahlukene kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla Kodwa lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngesikhathi sonke somuthi.
Ekwindla, ukutshala kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuqala kwezinsuku ezibandayo, futhi ngesikhathi senhlobo - ngesikhathi, kuze kufike amaqabunga.
Isihlahla se-Apple sibhekisela ezitshalweni ezimilayo: Isikhathi sokuphila se-apula sinekhulu leshumi leminyaka, lapho umuthi wesithelo uthela isivuno esikhulu.
Ngakho-ke, kudingeka uqaphele ukulungiswa kahle kwenhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala okuhlongozwayo kwezithombo.
Okokuqala, inyanga ngaphambi kokutshala, udinga ukucacisa indawo okuzokhula kuyo.
Kufanele ivikelwe kahle ekuphefumulweni kwamandla abandayo, imidwebo futhi ikhanyise ngokwanele.
I-TIP: Ukutshala, kuyinto efiselekayo ukusebenzisa izithombo kusuka eminyakeni eyodwa kuya emithathu, ngoba kule minyaka ukuthi umuthi unomkhuba omuhle womhlabathi.
Okufanele ukukhula kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo kungumhlabathi owodwa, kodwa uma i-apula inikezwa ukunakekelwa okufanele futhi okuvamile, izithombo zizosetshenziswa kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lomhlabathi.
Uma indawo ikhethiwe, udinga ukuqala ukumba umgodi wokutshala nokulungisa inhlabathi.
I-TIP: Umgodi kufanele ugoqwe ngeseluleko somlimi wezinsimu ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshala lesihlahla, ngakho-ke phakathi nalesi sikhathi sikhulelwe ngokwanele futhi sikhuliswe.
UKUKHONA! Ubukhulu bomgodi wokutshala izithombo kuxhomeke kwikhwalithi yenhlabathi, kanye nasezingeni lokulungiswa kwalo.Endaweni evundile, kunomgodi omncane kunalokho - kufanele ube ngamasentimitha angamashumi amane ububanzi, futhi ingxenye yesithathu yemitha ngokujula.
Ubukhulu obukhulu bomgodi wokugibela kuyadingeka uma leyo ndawo ingagciniwe, futhi umhlaba unzima.
Kulesi simo, ukujula komgodi kufanele kube ngamasentimitha angu-70, futhi ububanzi kufanele bufinyelele emitha.
Ngemuva kokumba umgodi, ukulungiswa kuyadingeka.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, igcwele ungqimba oluphezulu olugciniwe, lapho i-peat noma i-humus yengezwe khona, kodwa akukho nhlobo umquba omusha, nasenhlabathini yomhlabathi.
Okulandelayo, inhlabathi kumele ikhule.
I-TIP: Ingqimba ngayinye engamamentimitha angu-20 ifafazwa ngomanyolo.
Emgodini udinga ukwakha isigundane ukuvimbela ukwakheka kombhobho. Ngaphambi kokutshala ku-seedling, kubalulekile ukususa amagatsha aphukile, izimpande ezibola, bese utshala isihlahla emgodini omncane emgqonyeni.
Kuyinto efiselekayo lapho utshalwa ukubamba iqhaza kwabantu abaningana ukuze izenzo ziqaphele.
Okokuqala udinga ukulungisa kahle izimpande emgodini, ugcwalise ngendwangu evundile yenhlabathi bese umanyolo.
Emhlabeni umuthi otshaliwe ugoqa umhlabathi ukuze umquba nomswakama ubambeke kangcono. Isigaba sokugcina sokutshala siphuzisa.
Ngokuba isithombo esisodwa siyodinga cishe amalitha amabili amanzi. Ukuze phakathi nomoya umuthi ungahlupheki, awunamathele emaphethini.
Imithetho eyisisekelo yokugcinwa kwezitshalo eziphakeme - ukuchelela ngesikhathi esifanele, ukubhujiswa kokhula, ukusika izihlahla, ukugcoba, ukufaka umanyolo kanye nenhlabathi yokukhulula.
Ukunisela kufanele kube njalo futhi njalo - kanye ngesonto, kodwa hhayi njalo, ukuvimbela ukubola.
Ukudubula Isihlahla sinomphumela omuhle ku-fruiting. Inhloso yalo ukukhipha amagatsha awonakele noma adala.
Indawo iphathwa nge-pitch engadini.
Ukutshala kanye ngonyaka. ngoba lokhu, humus, 50 amagremu of superphosphate kanye 20 amagremu of izinkuni ash noma sulfur potassium kufanelekile.
I-complex prophylactic yezinyathelo zihlanganisa ukubhujiswa kwamagxolo ezindala ezivela emithini yabantu abadala, futhi leyo ndawo iphathwa nge-whitewash ukuze igweme ukungena kwezifo.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Phakathi nesikhathi semiswakama ephakeme, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zeMantet zitholakala kalula.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukugwema lokhu kutheleleka zihlanganisa ukupompa njalo umqhele wesihlahla.
Isikhumba siqala ukuvela phansi phansi kweqabunga, bese sesakazeka esihlahleni sonke ngokuvuvukala emahlumela bese kuhlasela emaqabunga.
Uma isikhumba sihlanganisa zonke izimbali zomuthi, lokhu kungabangela ukuntuleka kokuvuna.
Amaphuzu abalulekile ekugwemeni isikhumba ukubhujiswa kwamaqabunga anegciwane kanye namahlumela, ukudala izimo ezihle: ukukhanya okuhle komqhele womuthi, kanye nokuphuza umoya okwanele.
Izindlela zokulawula isikhala zihlanganisa ukwelashwa kwezinkuni Bordeaux fluid esikhathini esiyimvula.
- Futhi, emva kokufuthwa kwezimbali ngamakhemikhali alandelayo:
- Sistanom
- I-Horus
- Ngokushesha.
Phakathi kwezithako ezisebenzayo namafungicide aqukethe ithusi ne-carbonate - kufanele asetshenziswe engxenyeni yokuqala yehlobo.
I-mantet - i-apula ehlukahlukene yokuvuthwa kokuqala, okubhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo ze-skoroplodnyh.
Izinzuzo zalesi sihlahla sesithelo zihlanganisa ukunambitheka okuhle kwesithelo.
- Kwakungekho ukungalungi:
- lokhu kuhlukahluka kunokwemvelo,
- hhayi ukumelana nomkhuhlane
- isikhathi sokuvuthwa asikwenyathi kanye futhi sinwetshiwe.
Izinkuni zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zibuthakathaka kakhulu. Futhi, ama-apula anemakethe ephansi ngenxa yempilo yamashefu emfushane.
