Ukukhetha izinhlobonhlobo ze-plums ngenhloso yabo, abalimi bendawo emaphakathi baqaphele ngokuyinhloko ubulukhuni obusika kanye nokuvunwa okuhle.
Lezi zimfanelo zingaziqhayisa ngamaplamu amaningi. Ngaphandle kokugcina phakathi kwabo yi-Eurasia 21, enikeza ukunambitheka okumnandi nezithelo ezimnandi.
Noma kunjalo, ezihlukahlukene kunezici zayo ezifanele zibhekwe uma zikhula.
Plum "Eurasia 21": incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo
"Eurasia 21" ukudonsa ithebula, ukuvuthwa ngezigaba zokuqala kanye neqembu lezinhlobo zama-plum ezenziwe ekhaya. Lesi sihlahla esikhulu esingamamitha amahlanu ubude. enekhanda elincane elincane futhi elincane. I-trunk kanye negxolo lamagatsha awo ziqoshwe igrey. Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu, izinhlobonhlobo zivame ukukhulekelwa kwi-stock ekhulayo.
Izithelo ezihlangene ze "Eurasia 21" zibukeka kahle kakhulu. Wabo ikhasi elimnyama elinemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nomthunzi we-burgundy futhi uhlanganiswe ngokuphelele nge-bluish wax bloom.
Isisindo esincane sezithelo - 23 g, esiphezulu - 33 g I-orange ephuzi neyinyama enomsoco it isakhiwo esithambile futhi evulekile futhi ibonakala ukunambitha okumnandi-sweet nge elimnandi iphunga.
Isamba ushukela ezitshalweni ngu-7.02%, kanti i-asidi yi-2.7%. Amathambo amancane futhi ahlukumezeka ngemuva kwe-pulp..
I-Plum "Eurasia 21" ikhulile ngokudla izithelo ezintsha kanye ne-canning yabo.
Isithelo sikhiqiza ama-juice enambitheka kakhulu nge-pulp, amakhemikhali, ama-jams, i-jam, i-confiture. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yesakhiwo esivulekile se-pulp, lolu hlobo oluthile lwe-plums alufanelekile ekukhiqizeni ama-compotes.
Isithombe
With izinhlobo plum "Eurasia 21" imininingwane eyengeziwe ingatholakala esithombeni ngezansi:
Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa
"Eurasia 21" yatholwa ososayensi be-University of Voronezh Agrarian University. Itholwe ngokusebenzisa i-interspecific hybridization eyinkimbinkimbi.
Amapulazi aseMelika, e-East Asia, eChina nasekhaya, kanye nama plum kanye nama-apricot plums (uSimon) ahlanganyela ekwakheni izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene.
Abalobi be-"Eurasia 21" - abalimi be-AG. I-Turovtseva no-A.N. Venyaminov.
Ngemuva kokuhlolwa kukahulumeni ngo-1986, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zafakwa kwiRejista Yombuso futhi zanconywa ukulima ezindaweni eziphakathi kwe-Central Black Earth yaseRussia. Futhi, "i-Eurasia 21" ingavame ukutholakala emasimini ebhande elikhulu kanye namadlelo.
Izici
Izinhlobonhlobo kubhekwa njenge-skoroplodny. Uqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesine wokuphila. Izitshalo "Eurasia 21" zinikeza kahle kakhulu kodwa azizinzile.
Uma uMeyi ubanda futhi unemvula eminingi, iqhuma kabi futhi cishe ayifuni izithelo.
Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni engcono kakhulu kungenzeka ukuqoqa kuze kufike ku-50 kg we-plums kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa nakakhulu. Phakamisa ama-plums wokuvuna ekuqaleni noma phakathi no-Agasti.
Ubunzima bebusika "i-Eurasia 21" buphakeme kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zasekhaya.
Amapulangwe ayo kanye nezimpande zemibala ziphikisana ngokugcwele, futhi izimpande ziyakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa kuze kube ku--20 ° C.
"Eurasia 21" akukubi esakazwa ukusika okuluhlaza - igxile cishe ku-70%.
Ibuye isetshenziswe njengenzalo futhi ihlanganise isikhumba esincane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i- "Eurasia 21" asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izinhlobo ezintsha.
Usizo! Ezihlukahlukene yi-samobfruitny. Ukutshala impova kudinga izinhlobo ezivela eqenjini lama-plums asekhaya aqhakaza kanyekanye ne-Eurasia 21. "I-Memory of Timiryazev", "Beacon", "Volga Beauty", "Skorospelka Red" izohambisana ngokuphelele.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Kungcono ukutshala ipulazi le-Eurasia 21 entwasahlobo, lapho izihlahla zingakaze zihlume iziqu. Indawo yokuhlwanyela izithombo kumele ikhethwe kahle, ilanga futhi lifudumezwe lilanga.
I-Plum ikhetha inhlabathi enomswakama nomoya ophefumulayo nge-acidity neutral. Okuhle, lokhu Kumelwe kube nomhlabathi okhanyayo okhanyayo. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi amanzi angaphansi komhlaba endaweni ageleza okungenani ngamamitha amabili ukusuka emhlabathini.
Umgodi wokugibela ama-plums ulungiswa emavikini amabili noma amathathu noma ekwindla. Ukujula kwalo kufanele kube ngu-60 kuya ku-70 cm, futhi ububanzi - kusuka ku-70 kuya ku-80.
Kunconywa ukuthi ukhulule phansi phansi kakhulu ngophubhu noma ifosholo ekujuleni okungaba ngu-25 cm.
Okulandelayo udinga lungisa ingxube enomsoco enomsoco izithombo. Enye yezinhlobonhlobo zokwakheka kwayo:
- isendlalelo se-sod phezulu;
- cishe amabhakede amathathu ama-humus;
- 200 amagremu we-superphosphate;
- 2 noma 3 tbsp. l i-potassium sulfate;
- 3 tbsp. l urea;
- 250-300 amagremu "ama-Berries";
- cishe amagremu angu-300 efulawa lase-dolomite.
Gcoba ingxube kahle bese ugcwalisa umgodi nawo.
Bese kuqala inqubo yokutshala izithombo.
Ephakathi komgodi, isikhonkwane sisethelwe ukuhlanganisa futhi isilonda sodaka sithelwa. Bafaka umuthi kuso, baqondise izimpande bese begcwalisa umgodi nomhlabathi ovundile.
Ukuthungwa komzuzwana ngalesi sikhathi kuncibilikiswa kancane ukuze wonke ama-void phakathi kwezimpande agcwale inhlabathi.
Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi intamo yomuthi ingu-5 noma 6 cm phezulu ngaphezu komgodi ongcwatshiwe.
Ekupheleni komsebenzi, umhlabathi ozungeze umuthi uphonswa phansi futhi ufafazwe kahle ngamabhakede amabili amanzi. Ama-plums ahlanganiswe nesikhonkwane, futhi indawo ejikeleze isiqu ihlanganiswe ne-sawdust noma i-humus ukuze igcine umswakama.
Akudingekile ukutshala iplamu esikhathini sokuqala emva kokutshala. Ngonyaka wesibili nangemva kokufinyelela ku-fruiting, urea isetshenziswe ngesilinganiso esingaphezu kuka-20 g ngayinye imitha yesigca semithi. I-Fruiting plums entwasahlobo bayondla umanyolo we-urea ne-nitrogen, futhi ngesikhathi sekwindla ngamanyolo we-potash ne-phosphate..
Uma umhlaba esakhiweni sivuthiwe, udaba oluthile lufakwe ngaphandle kweyodwa eminyakeni emithathu. Kodwa-ke, umyalo wokutshala umlimi ngamunye ukhetha ngokucacile, ngokusekelwe ezimweni zezulu, ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi kanye nesimo sempilo yezihlahla.
Ngeplamu Ukuchelela okulungile kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba uthanda umswakama ngaphezu kwezithelo zezithelo. Kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ku-Agasti kuyadingeka ukuphuza umuthi okungenani izikhathi ezingu-4-5: okokuqala ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, bese-ke ngesithuba sezinsuku ezingaba ngu-20.
Ngesikhathi sokudonsa eyodwa kudinga okungenani ama-5 amabhakede amanzi. Uma utshela umuthi, ungabi nentshiseko - amanzi e-waterlogging enhlabathini ayingozi kulesitshalo futhi aholela ekuqhekekeni nasekwehleni kwezithelo.
Ukukhulula inhlabathi ezungeze iplamu akuyona into ebaluleke kakhulu kunanisela. Kudingekile ukugcina imibuthano ye-pristvolny ihlanzekile, ngesikhathi sokukhipha ukhula nokwehlisa umhlabathi.
I-Plum ijwayele ukukhula kwezimpande, okuvimbela isitshalo futhi inomthelela ekuvuneni okuphansi. Ukuqeda lesi sici esibi, umhlabathi uhlaselwa phansi kwesiqu futhi amahlumela aphelile. Inqubo enjalo kufanele yenziwe okungenani izikhathi ezine phezu kwehlobo.
Eminyakeni yokuqala emva kokutshala, ukusika izihlahla ezifomayo kwenziwa. Emthini oneminyaka elilodwa ubudala, kushiywe amagatsha amahlumela amahlanu kuya kwayisishiyagalombili futhi anciphisa ingxenye yesithathu iminyaka engu-3 noma engu-4 entwasahlobo.
Ngemuva kokungena kweplamu ngesikhathi sokuhluma phezu komqhubi okhishwe kakhulu wegatsha. Ngalendlela, umqhele owenziwe ngesitsha usungulwa, okungcono kakhulu konke okukhanyiswa ilanga.
Esikhathini esizayo, zonke izinhlanzi zasemuva zasempumalanga nezokuvuselela izihlahla ezihlahla izihlahla ziyakwenziwa. Umqhele ungcwelisiwe, amagatsha ashisayo, omisiwe anesifo. Futhi uthathe amagatsha ekhula ngaphakathi nangamafoloko, ekwakheni i-angle efanele. Akunconywa ukususa amagatsha amancane mayelana no-30 cm ubude.
Izifo nezinambuzane
"Eurasia 21" une ukumelana nezifo ngokulinganisela. Izithelo ukubola (i-moniliosis) ne-cluster sporosis ziyingozi kakhulu emithini yemifula.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela zibalulekile ukuvikela isitshalo ekuvuneni kwezithelo.. Ekwindla, inhlabathi iyabanjwa kanye namahlamvu, amahlumela kanye namagatsha ashintshiwe asuswe, kanti i-carrion iqoqwe futhi ibhujiswe. Ngaphambi kwesikhathi sezimbali futhi emva kokuba izihlahla ziphathwa nge-copper oxide noma e-Bordeaux utshwala.
Lezi zinyathelo ezifanayo zisiza ukuvikela iplamu kusuka ku-asperiasis noma ukuphazamiseka kwe-perforated.. Lesi sifo siboniswa ukubonakala kwamabala asundu emaqabeni nasezithelo.
Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu "Eurasia 21" - iplamu sawfly, i-moth ne-aphid. Ebusika emhlabathini sawfly wabhidliza besebenzisa i-spring ukumba umhlaba emhlabathini. Uma isitha singabuyiselanga, ungabhubhisa "Karbofos", "Cyanox" noma "Iskra", ngaphambi nangemva kwemifula, ukuphatha izihlahla ngezidakamizwa.
Ngesiza senundu ukubhekana nalokhu: "Konfidor", "Benzophosphate", "Aktara". Ukuphalaza kwezihlahla kufanele kwenziwe ezinsukwini ezingu-5 noma ezingu-6 emva kokuqhakaza.
Maphakathi noJuni, amabhu amatshani avunwa ngokusebenzisa amabhande wokuzingela. Izibhamu ezihamba emhlabathini, zonakaliswa ngokukhululeka kwenhlabathi zonke izinsuku ezingu-8-10.
Ama-aphid asebenza kahle kumaqoqo amancane. ama-folk amakhambi ngesimo sokumnika ugarlic, u-anyanisi, umhlonyane, i-celandine noma umlotha. Amacembu ale nkathazo encane angabhubhisa kuphela ngosizo lwezinambuzane "Decis", "Benzophosphate", njll.
Yiqiniso, "i-Eurasia 21" inezinselele ezithile okufanele zicatshangelwe uma zikhetha. Noma kunjalo, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinezinzuzo eziningana, ngokunakekelwa okufanele, okuvumela ukuthola izithelo eziphakeme ze-plums ezihlwabusayo nezikhangayo.
