Indoda enhle kakhulu - owesifazane waseFistle wesilisa: izithombe, izinhlobo, ukunakekelwa ekhaya

I-Thyroid iyi-fern enkulu ekhula emahlathini apholile ama-shady afana namahlathi e-oki.

Lokhu kuboniswa igama labo elisemthethweni - iDktyopteris, ngokwezwi nezwi - fern emahlathini ama-oak.

I-genus iqukethe izitshalo ezingapheli ezinamaqabunga aqinile e-rhizome futhi avulekile aqoshiwe.

I-Shtitovnik engummeli ingokomndeni wase Shchitovnikovy kanye noMnogoryadnik noKochezhednik. Kodwa-ke, kumehluko ngokumelene nesizinda sabo ngezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane ezihlukahlukene.

Izinhlobo

I-Austrian

Emvelo, ihlala eNtshonalanga Yurophu, eCaucasus naseNyakatho Melika. Izindawo ezikhethwayo ezihlala zimanzi njalo.

I-Possesses eside (5-9 dm) amaqabunga angama-pinnate aphindwe kathathu. Umbala uwuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amapulangwe agubungela umhlaba ngekhabethe elibanzi, ngakho igama lesibili lihambile.

I-subspecies yesithombe se-Austrian Schityovnik:

Amur

Ikhula emhlabathini owodwa omile omahlathi asezintabeni. Itholakala e-China, eRussia, eJapane. Ukumelana kakhulu neqhwa. I-Rhizome ihlangene, imincane. Amapulangwe amathathu amahlumela akhula ngamunye, afela ebanda. Umbala wabo unombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obunxantathu.

Ama-subspecies we-Photos ka-Shtybovnik Amur:

Ukuncintisana

It ikhula phezu Madeira, Azores naseNtshonalanga Yurophu. Amaqabunga amancane kakhulu, akhula afike ku-60 cm ubude. Yenziwe njengempaphe, phuma umbala obala obala. Iphoyinti likhonjisiwe, yonke indawo ibhekene nezingxabano ezincane kakhulu. Lezi zinhlobo zinephunga eliqinile lotshani olusha.

Ama-movie we-subspecies weSikhwama se-Shchitovnik:

Bush

Lihlala eziqhingini zase-Iturup, eSakhalin, Kunashir, eHokkaido, eSikoku, ePeninsula yaseKorea nasenyakatho yeChina.

IVayi ihlangene endaweni enkulu enhle ngokuma kwesitsha esifanele. Amahlamvu angakhula ngamamitha ukuphakama, ayomile ebusika, afe entwasahlobo emva kokuvela kwamarekhodi amancane. Ifomu liyi-oval-oval, iphuzu likhonjisiwe. Ubuso beqabunga lisiko lesikhumba, umbala we-jade.

Isithombe sama-subspecies we-Bush Shchitovnik:

I-Villaria

Ukuvela eNtshonalanga Yurophu, kuphi ikhula emhlabathini we-alkali. Evame ukutholakala emazweni ase-England e-calcareous, eWales naseLancashire.

Isihlahla esinomsoco esifanelekayo esivumelana nezivande ze-stony nama-slides alpine. I-Vayi inxantathu, encane (3.5-4.5 dm), ukuphela kwemininingwane kukhonjisiwe. Ibala umbala we-nondescript ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ama-spores amancane kakhulu, ahluke ngephunga elimnandi.

Izithombe ze-subspecies zeTypophilus Vilaria:

Golda

Uhlala emvelweni emahlathini abandayo namahlathi ENyakatho Melika, ikakhulukazi engxenyeni yayo enyakatho-mpumalanga. Unobumnandi obunzima obubusika.

Amaqabunga angakhula afike ku-130 cm ubude, akhe ifomu elikhulu elimile. I-oval yombhalo obanzi, umbala we-malachite. Amapulangwe anezimpaphe ezimbili, ama-rhizomes awancane.

I-subspecies yesithombe se-Gold Threaded:

Hlanganisa

Izinhlobo ezivamile, ezitholakala eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika, naseRussia. Ikhetha izindawo ezixhashazwayo ezinomswakama ohlala njalo emhlabathini.

Okufushane okungapheliyo ayifinyelele ngaphezu kuka-50 cm ukuphakama. I-Rhizome plump, emfushane, egcwele izikali. Amaqabunga asemaphandleni akha, abe nefomu le-lanceolate, elilinganiselwe ubude. Ziyizinsizi ezimbili, izimbala ze-malachite. Ama-spores ayindilinga, amnyama, ahlelwe ngemigqa ngemuva kwamacembe.

I-subspecies yesithombe se-Cchitovnik Crest:

Odorous

Lihlala eMpumalanga Ekude naseNtshonalanga Siberia yaseRussia, eNyakatho Melika, eKorea naseChina. Emvelo ungahlangana emhlabathini oyisitembu kanye nesicwebezelayo.

Enye yeziningi kakhulu okuncane izinhlobo azidluli 30 cm ubude. I-Rhizome sloped, ifushane. Amaqabunga amabili aphonse, afol. Ukubala umbala nge-blue tint. Ama-spores atholakala kuwo wonke umhlane wezingqimba. Uhlukana nobuningi bephunga elimnandi.

Photo subspecies Shchitovnik Odorous:

Okubomvu

Ikhula eJapane, eChina nasePhilippines. Umbono we-Thermophilic ohlaza njalo. Ama-Fronds anesimo sezinxantathu ezibanzi, ahlukile embala wokuqala. Intsha amaqabunga ayinemibala yamapayipi, okuyinto kancane kancane ishintshela utshani green shades. Izinhlamvu ezibomvu.

Izithombe ze-subspecies ze-Thyrochos Krasnosorusy:

I-Needle

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu endaweni yehlathi. Lihlala eYurophu, eNyakatho Melika.

Amaqabunga aqoqwe ezinhlangothini ezinzima, afinyelele ubude buka 4-6 dm. Ama-scapes, amaqabunga amaqabunga kanye ne-rhizome ahlanganiswe nezilinganiso ezimnyama. I-Vayi inesimo se-triangular, senziwe ngopende oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. I-Sori encane kakhulu, ifakwe izinso.

Izithombe ze-subspecies Shingovik Needle:

Extreme

Okumelana kakhulu nesithwathwa Izinhlobo ezizalwa eNyakatho Melika. Ikhula ezindaweni ezinamadwala nezinamadwala.

Izinhlamvu zisezintsheni zamaphisi, ngakho-ke igama. Ukuphakama okuyi-socket kufinyelela ku-6 dm, kuqukethe amaqabunga amabili we-feathery emthunzini we-bluish.

I-subspecies yesithombe Shchitovnik Extreme:

Intaba

Qaphela izinhlobo ezisengozini ukuhlangabezana nemvelo kunzima kakhulu. Ikhetha amahlumela ama-fir ne-humidity ephezulu. Kusukela kuma-rhizomes amafushane amancane akhula isixuku esikhulu samaqabunga amakhulu. Biconseous, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, oblong shape.

I-subspecies yesithombe se-Shchitovnik Intaba:

Owesilisa

Izinhlobo ezivamile kakhulu ezitholakala eNyakatho Melika nase-Eurasia. Itholakala kokubili emazweni ompofu nama-fertile omhlabathi.

Lesi sitshalo sikhulu, sibe ngu-150 cm ubude. Ama-flippers abuthana emasokeni aminyene kanye ne-overwinter enohlaza. Zigwetshwe ngombala we-emerald, zibe nomumo oblong nge-tip ebukhali. I-Sori itholakala eduze kwe-vein maphakathi.

Izithombe ze-subspecies Schitovnik Indoda:

Lozhnomuzhskoy

Ikhula eLwandle Olumnyama, eDagestan naseCaucasus. Isitshalo sikhulu-kufika ku-1 m. Ama-fragments aphindaphindiwe kabili, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngoba ebusika kudinga indawo yokuhlala.

Izithombe subspecies Schitovnik Lozhnomuzhskoy:

I-subalpine

Hamba i-lanceolate, encane noma oblong, umbala ohlaza ohlaza. Izinhlamvu eziqhamukayo, ezinye ngamaphiko.

I-subspecies yesithombe se-Shchitovnik Podalpiysky:

Sikhotinsky

Ifana kakhulu nendoda. Ekulweni nokubandayo, ikhula eJapane, eRussia naseChina. Ifinyelela ukuphakama kwe-1.2 m. Izigxobo ziyi-oblong, ziboshiwe, zifa kufubeni.

Izithombe ze-subspecies Shchybovnik Sikhotinsky:

Okuhlobene

Itholakala eNtshonalanga Yurophu emahlathini amancane. Amaqabunga aqoqwe ezinhlangothini ezingavamile, agcinwe kuma-petioles eside. Biconseous, lanceolate.

Ama-subspecies ama-Schitovnik ahlobene:

Bright

Ikhula ngokushesha, yenza ama-thickets angapheli. Uhlala esifundeni sase-Ussuri, ukumelana neqhwa. I-Rhizomes igatsha kahle, likhule ngaphezu kwehlobo ngo-9-13 cm. Ukushisa kufinyelela kumitha ukuphakama. Ama-Frond aphinda kabili, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, anqunyiwe.

I-subspecies yesithombe Shchitovnik Svetly:

Isiwula

I-Evergreen ohlala emahlathini axutshwe nama-coniferous aseJapane nama-Kuriles. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo kuvamile, akudluli 7 dm. Amaqabunga ayamaqanda, ama-three-pinnate, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ama-subspecies e-Photos we-Thyphovil Blunt:

Hamba phansi

Ihlathi eliphakathi kwehlathi elinamaqabunga amancane, ajwayelekile endaweni ehlathini yamahlathi eNyakatho Yezwe Elisha.

I-subspecies yesithombe Shchitovnik Umtholampilo:

I-Curly

Ihlala eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika, ihlala ezindaweni ezihlathini. Amaqabunga avuliwe, kabili amaphini, i-lanceolate. Umbala ubumnyama obumnyama, ubuso bukhazimulayo, isikhumba. Igcina ama-frosts kuya ku-30 ​​°.

I-subspecies yesithombe Shchitovnik Kinky:

Igolide

Ohlala ezindaweni ezimpumalanga eNyakatho Melika. Ikwazi ukukhula u-1 m ukuphakama. I-Vayi inxantathu. Kucatshangwa kakhulu umbono wokuhlobisa ngenxa ithoni yethusi lamaqabunga kanye ne-cannon yegolide kubo.

I-subspecies yesithombe Shchitovnik i-Golden:

I-Marsh (i-telipteris)

Lolu hlobo lwenundu lukhula emaxhaphozini, ludinga umswakama njalo nokuthungwa. Iqukethe i-rhizome encane, ekhula kahle ngezindlela ezihlukile, ngenxa yokuthi iziphi izinhlaka ezinzulu ezakhiwe. Amaqabunga angashadile, aphikisayo, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukuma kuvulekile, kuhlangene.

I-subspecies yesithombe I-Telipteris Bolotny:

Ukunakekelwa ekhaya

Izici ukunakekelwa emva kokuthenga

Ngokushesha ngemva kokuthenga Kunconywa ukuthi ukufakelwa iqhuma emhlabathini omusha, njengoba isitolo sisebenzisa indawo yesikhashana, ukwakheka okungalungile.

Inhlabathi kufanele ibe yinto evulekile, ephefumula, evundile, enezinto eziphezulu ze-humus kanye ne-drainage enhle.

Ukukhanyisa

Shchitovnik uthanda izindawo ezi-shady, kufanele ibe khona kude nefasitela noma ngasenyakatho.

Ukushisa

Ngokuqondile - 14-19 °, nokwanda kwama-25 ° kuzolimaza. Ekuqaleni isitshalo sehlathi, i-Shchitovnik iyakwazi ukumelana nokushisa kwama-drops kuze kube ngaphansi kwe-25 °, okwenza kube umqeqeshi ofanele ukulima emkhakheni ovulekile. Uyazibamba ngaphandle kwezinkinga, noma ngabe ukhohlwa ukummboza.

Ukunisela

Umswakama womhlabathi ohlala njalo kufanele ugcinwe ngaphandle kwamanzi ahlale ekhona epanini. Amanzi anamanzi athambile njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-2-3.

Umswakama womoya

High! Kudinga ukupompa njalo izingxenye zomhlabathi.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Shchitovnik ikhula kancane ayidingi ukuphakelayo okuvamile. Kanye ezinyangeni ezingu-1-1.5, ungenza inhlanganisela yamaminerali ama-ferns.

Ukufakelwa

Amakhophi amancane zatshalwe njalo entwasahlobo ebhodweni elikhudlwana eligcwele inhlabathi, abadala - kaningi kangako, njalo eminyakeni 2-3.

Ukudubula

Bakha amafolda amadala, ama-yellowed noma amagatsha aqine amandla okugcoba ukuze balondoloze ukuhlobisa kwebard.

Ukuzala

Mhlawumbe ngezindlela eziningana:

Izingxabano

Izinhlamvu ze-Sportivnik zithuthuka emhlane ongemuva kwamaqabunga. Ngemuva kokuvuthwa, badinga ukunqunywa nokumiswa, bebekwe ephepheni. Amabhokisi agcwele ingxube ye-peat, ishlabathi nesiqabunga seqabunga ngokwesilinganiso se-2: 1: 1.

Spread spores ngokufanayo ebusweni be-substrate bese u-moisten nge-spray. Inhlabathi ayilele! Ukumboza isitsha ngefilimu ye-polyethylene noma ingilazi encane futhi uhlale ushushu futhi unomswakama. Ukuhluma kuqala emva kwamasonto ama-5-6. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-greenhouse iyasuswa.

Uhlukanisa isihlahla

Indlela isheshe futhi idle isikhathi esiningi. Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwesitshalo, ingxenye ehlukile ye-rhizome ngamaqabunga bese utshala embizeni ehlukile.

Izilimo eziyizigaxa

Izinhlobo eziningi zikhula indodakazi yezilimo eziyizigaxa noma ama-whiskers, ezingahlukaniswa nesitshalo kanye ne-prikopat ngokwehlukana ngokucishe kube ngu-7 kuya ku-13 cm emhlabathini. Khululeka futhi uhlale unomsoco njalo.

Amahlumela

Shchitovniki ingaphonsa ingane amahlumela (brood efihlekile). Zivela emaqabunga bese ziqala ukukhula. Ngemuva kwalokho, zingahlukaniswa nesikhunta, zifakwe ku-peat noma i-moss egayiwe futhi zihlanganiswe nebhokisi lesiplastiki lesigamu noma ingilazi yeglasi. Ukuqothulwa komzimba kwenzeka emasontweni ambalwa, khona-ke isithombo siyiswa enhlabathini evamile.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Ama-rhizomes e-Rotting kwenzeka lapho umswakama omile emhlabathini kanye ne-pallet, mhlawumbe, umhlaba wahlanganiswa futhi wayeka ukudlula umswakama. Noma ukuchelela kwenzeka kaningi.

Izinambuzane azifani nemigodi, ingahlasela kuphela shieldovki. Lezi zinambuzane ezincane ezibukeka njengezinsundu noma ze-beige plaque emaqabunga. Uma engekho ngokwanele kubo, ungawaqoqa ngesandla, izilwane ezinkulu zibhujiswa yizinambuzane - Konfidor, Aktellik, Tanrek, Aktar nabanye.

Isiphetho

Ukukhula endlini yabalimi kulula futhi kulula. Uma ubanikeza ukunakekelwa okwanele, izihlahla ezihlobisa izimbali zizohlobisa ingaphakathi isikhathi eside futhi zijabulise abanikazi babo.