Umuthi ungomunye wezikhulu kunazo zonke ku-Juglans. Ukuvuthwa umnyama omnyama eNyakatho Melika ithola ukuphakama kwamamitha angu-50 nobubanzi obuyi-2 m. Ezweni lakithi, umuthi uhlwanyelwa kusuka esitezi sesibili. Ikhulu le-XVIII. Amantongomane aseRussia ephakathi eminyakeni eyishumi eyisihlanu afinyelela ku-15-18 m ubude obuningi, kanye no-trunk ububanzi obungama-30-50 cm. Umuthi wesikhuni oneminyaka eyikhulu ungakhula ufike kumamitha angu-25 ukuphakama futhi ube nobubanzi be-cm cm
Umuthi awuphikisana nemibandela eyomile ngenxa yomqhele ophansi ophansi. Lolu hlobo lwezithelo zomuncu luyisimo esinamandla sokuhlanza umoya othulini kanye nokungcola okulimazayo. I-Crohn inikezela inani elikhulu eliwusizo olunempilo kanye ne-tannins. Izithelo ze-Walnut kubhekwa njengento ebalulekile kakhulu eluhlaza kwezicelo eziningi, ikakhulukazi kwezokwelapha.
Uphi indawo engcono yokutshala i nut?
Umuthi ungaphila kuze kube amashumi ayisikhombisa, ngakho-ke udinga ukuthola indawo enhle yokutshala. Kulabo abafuna ukukhula kusayithi lakho enye yezinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu zomuthi we nut, udinga ukwazi okunye okuqondile.
Uyazi? Kunconywa ukutshala izithombo zamantongomane njengokungavamile endaweni encane. I-Phytoncides ekhishwe emthini omnyama wesikhuni omnyama unomthelela onamandla wokulwa namagciwane. Ngaphezu kwamabhaktheriya ayingozi, izinambuzane ezizuzayo ezihlala emzimbeni wethu zingase zihlupheke. Isihlahla sama-Walnut asiyithandi iziqhingi ezinomoya omile.
Ukuhlobana nokukhanya
Umqhele womuthi udlulisa isibalo esikhulu sokukhanya emhlabathini, ukudala isithunzi esibucayi. Ikhuthaza ukuwa kweqabunga - ukuhlushwa kwezinto eziphilayo emhlabathini kuyanda. Siyabonga ngalesi sici, ukulima komnyu omnyama kusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukiswa komhlaba.
Isimo sokushisa
Ukuze kukhule nokuthuthukiswa okuvamile, umuthi udinga ukushisa kwe-air ka -10 ° C. Amantongomane athile okutholakala kwezinhlobo zanamuhla atholakala enyakatho yeSt. Petersburg. Ezimweni zesimo sezulu saseTula, i-nati ye-fruiting yaba nobusika-obuningi, nokugcina izinga lokushisa lomoya -38 ° C. Encazelo yesayense yomunyu omnyama uboniswa: uma kuqhathaniswa ne-walnut, kubanda kakhulu. Kodwa lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziphansi kunezinhlobo zamaManchu nezinhlobo ezimpunga.
Kubalulekile! Amantongomane amadala ngaphandle kokulimala okukhulu esihlahleni abekezelele kahle amaqhwa ebusika afike ku -40 ° C, kodwa intsha (kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu) idinga ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe kusuka emoyeni nakubusika.
Eminyakeni emithathu yokuqala, umuthi omncane uzwela kakhulu ukushisa amaqhwa, ngisho nasezweni lakubo, eNyakatho Melika. Ngemuva kokwakhiwa komqhele, ukushisa okubandayo kwehla emanzini akuyona into embi.
Ubudlelwane nomswakama
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla zesikhuni ziphakathi kwesomiso ukubekezelelana phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinambuzane namantongomane aseManchurian. Ama-botanists ancoma ukuthi atshale izithelo ezimnyama emfuleni wezamanzi. Umuthi uyazi kahle izikhukhula ezincane. ENyakatho Melika, ingakwazi ukumelana nenyanga yokukhukhula kwesiqu ngaphandle kokulimaza izimpande, isiqu nomqhele.
Ubuhlobo emhlabathini
Isihlahla somuthi asibukeli umhlabathi omuncu. Ukuze ukhule i nut kusuka etsheni noma ngezinye izindlela, kuyinto efiselekayo ukukhetha inhlabathi hlangothi noma kancane alkali. Esimweni esinjalo, izihlahla ziyeka ukukhula kwazo ngesikhathi, zilungiselela ubusika obubandayo.
Uma isayithi lakho lokungahambi kahle likhona ezimweni zomhlaba ezingekho omnyama, qinisekisa ukufaka umlotha wokhuni kanye nomanyolo we-phosphorus-potassium emgodini wokutshala. Ukuqhubeka nokuzungeze isiqu, umquba wokuqukethwe kwamakhadi asetshenziselwa ukugcina ibhalansi ye-acid-base (pH - 5.5-8.2). Gwema i-nitrogen ngokweqile emhlabathini wesitshalo - umuthi uzoyeka ukukhula futhi izinkuni zizolahlekelwa izakhiwo zayo ezingabandeki. Nakekela i-microrelief eyamukelekayo yomhlabathi omnyama wokuzala. Izimila azibekezeli imifudlana yasenyakatho nenyakatho-mpumalanga yemoya abandayo.
Ukhula olunamnyama
Ukukhulisa lesi sihlahla kunezici zayo okufanele zicatshangelwe.
Ukuhlwanyela kanjani futhi nini nesikhathi
Umgodi wokufika ugoba ngethemba lokuthola isikhala samahhala sokukhula kwezimpande kuzo zonke izinkomba. Kunconywa ukutshala phansi phansi nge humus, izinkuni ash kanye potassium phosphate fertilizer. Ukuze ulondoloze kangcono umswakama, izimpande zenzalo zihlanganiswa ne-80% yenhlabathi futhi ziphuza kakhulu. Amanzi agxila emaminithini ambalwa. Okulandelayo, udinga ukugcwalisa wonke umjikelezo wenhlabathi nomunwe we-mulch pristvolnogo. Ukwandisa izinga lokusinda kwesitshalo, cabanga ngomuthi othandekayo. Ingxenye "ethintiwe" ingxenye ye-trunk namahlumela kufanele ahambe eningizimu.
Ukukhiqizwa kweNut
I-Walnut iphindaphinda ngezindlela ezintathu:
- imbewu;
- ukusika;
- prischepsami.
Uyazi? Izindlela ezithandwayo kakhulu zokuzalanisa lesi sitshalo: izitshalo ezikhulayo ezivela kumbewu nokutshala imbewu eyodwa, ezineminyaka emibili ubudala. Uma isayithi lakho likhona emahlathini ama-oki we-Lower Don, akufanele usebenzise ukuhlwanyela isidleke. Ukuhlwanyela okujwayelekile kwembewu ehlanzekile kudinga ukugcinwa ngokucophelela.
Indlela yokunakekela amanothi omnyama
Ukuze kukhule kahle isikhuni, isidingo esimnyama sokukhulula inhlabathi ngokutshala. Ngaphambi kokuphuma kwe-skincare ukhuni, gaya inhlabathi. Ngo-Julayi-Agasti, yeka ukukhululeka ukuze ugweme ukukhula kwezakhi ze-nut.
Ungamanzi kanjani umnyama omnyama
Nikeza inani elanele lokuswakama ngesikhathi sokukhula kanye nokuqhakaza komuthi omncane. Lokhu kubalulekile ekunakekeleni nut emgwaqeni ophakathi. Nciphisa ukuchelela engxenyeni yesibili kaJulayi ukuze kuphele isikhathi sokuqedela komuthi, ukuvuthwa kwezinkuni ze-trunk ukulungiselela ukupholisa ubusika. Esikhathini esiphakeme nesomiso sasehlobo, ukuchelela okufika ngesikhathi kuyadingeka. Ukuze uthole umquba we-fruiting, kubalulekile ukulondoloza umswakama okwanele ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa izithelo (July - maphakathi no-Agasti).
Ukunciphisa nokubunjwa
Isihlahla ngokwawo sakha umqhele walo - ifomu libekwe yiziqu zalo. Ukuze uthole intuthuko engcono, ungakwazi ukusika amagatsha omisiwe omisiwe futhi aqina kakhulu. Inkathi enhle kakhulu yokusika izihlahla ziyakhiwa entwasahlobo, isikhathi sokudlulisa usongo oluphansi kakhulu (ngezansi -10 degrees).
Ochwepheshe batusa ukukhahlela ngemva kwephutha lokuphuza. Akufanele unciphise umqhele phakathi noma ekupheleni kwesikhathi sehlobo - njengoba uvuselela ukuvuselelwa kwe-efihlekile nokukhula kwamahlumela ebusika, okungafe ebusika.
Umanyolo kanye nokudla okunomsoco
Ukutshala entwasahlobo udinga ukulungisa inhlabathi kusengaphambili kusukela ekwindla. Ukutshala imbewu yembewu ekwindla - ezinyangeni zentwasahlobo. Ngezinyanga eziyisithupha, umhlaba uzothola umswakama odingekayo wezitshalo ezithwala izithelo.
- Ngomitha owodwa wesikwele udinga ukwenza u-3-4 kg we-humus umquba noma umquba.
- Emasontweni amabili ngaphambi kokutshala i-nut, umgodi olungiselelwe (ububanzi nokujula - 0.5 m) ugcwalise umhlabathi ongenhla ohlanganiswe ne-superphosphate (150 g), amabhakede amabili aphakathi kwe-humus (angafakwa esikhundleni sama-5-8 kg omquba) usawoti we-potassium (50 g).
- Umanyolo olungiselelwe usakazwa ezingxenyeni ezingenhla nezingaphakathi zomgodi wokutshala. Ephakathi nendawo eyakhiwe, yenza isigxobo sokhuni, eduze nalokho okuzohlwanyelwa khona imbewu.
- Ngaphambi kokutshala uqonde izimpande, cindezela kwisisombululo esikhethekile se-root system.
Kubalulekile! Ngesikhathi sokutshala kufakazela ukujula kwe-15 cm eziningana ezimbalwa zomhlaba nge-mycorrhiza kusuka ngaphansi kwe-hazelnut. Le minyaka engu-3-4 yokudla iyodla isithuthuthu nge-microelements ezidingekayo.
Izitshalo ezomakhelwane
Umuthi ubhekene nesistimu yezintambo ezijulile ezinamagatsha anamandla ase-lateral nezimpande ze-anchor.
Izimpande zikhipha ubuthi (juglon), ezingalimaza kakhulu ezinye izitshalo:
- i-alfalfa;
- utamatisi;
- amazambane;
- i-apula;
- i-currant emnyama;
- i-pine;
- i-birch;
- rowan.
Abomakhelwane abakhulu kunabo bonke abamnyama bazoba: i-linden encane, i-hornbeam, i-pearl ejwayelekile, i-apple yamahlathi ne-cherry plum. Amahlathi e-dogwood, ama-viburnum ajwayelekile, i-hazel, i-toneysuckle yase-Tatar, i-blackberry ne-redberry, i-quince yaseJapane ayesabi umakhelwane nalesi sihlahla somunyu.
