Ezihlukahlukene ezigqamile nenhle nenambitheka eyingqayizivele - i-pear Kraarlia

Izinhlobonhlobo "Krasulya" aziveli esikhathini eside esidlule ezenzakalweni zensimu, kodwa sezivele zithola ukuthandwa kakhulu. Ngeke ukwazi ukubona phakathi kwezinye izihlahla eziphakathi kwe-pear, ngenxa yezithelo ezikhazimulayo eziqhakazile nge-tart ehlukile.

Ukuze uhlume, ukhule futhi uthole isivuno esihle ama-pears ahlukene wama-Krasuli, kubalulekile ukwazi zonke izici ezihlukahlukene nezidingo zokuwunakekela - incazelo egcwele yezinhlobonhlobo nesithombe sesithelo kuqhubeka nalesi sihloko.

Uhlobo luni?

Iphakathi kwe "Krasulya" izihlobo zasehlobo nezinkathi zokuvuthwa kwezithelo ezingenasiphelo.

Ivuthisa cishe isonto ngaphambi kwezihlobo ezinjalo eziyaziwa ngokuthi ubuhlobo bayo njenge "Severyanka".

I-Krasulia idume ngokunambitheka okumnandi kwezithelo futhi ikhulile ukuze isetshenziswe kalula, kanye nokulungiselela ukujamu, i-juice ne-compotes.

Izinhlobo zasehlobo zihlanganisa: Duchess, Chizhovskaya, Moscow Early and Limonka.

Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa

Ezihlukahlukene ziwumphumela wokuzalanisa umsebenzi ekutshalweni kwamapheya angakwazi ukuthela ngempumelelo izithelo ezimweni ze-Urals. I-South Ural Institute for Horticulture kanye namaPatato, esedolobheni laseChelyabinsk, lahlanganyela kulo msebenzi.

Izinhlobo zeziphambanoInjabulo encane"futhi"Ukuhamba kwesikhathi", umbelethi owaziwayo u-E. A. Falkenberg wathola ikhasi elimangalisayo elithi" Krasuli "eliphakathi kwelo, elapho laqala ukuzwelana nabalimi.

Izinhlobonhlobo "Krasuli" ngo-1987 zanikezwa izinhlobonhlobo ze-elite, futhi ngo-2002 kwakunconywa ukulima esifundeni sase-Ural. "Krasulu" ingatholakala hhayi kuphela ezindaweni zokuhlala, kodwa nasezindaweni zase-Western Siberia.

Kule ndawo, izinhlobo zenza kahle: Lada, uLyubovitsa Yakovleva, Izingane neDessert Rossoshanskaya.

Iphakathi kwe "Krasulya": incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo nezithombe

Izihlahla zinemibala ukuphakama okulinganiselwe futhi angafinyeleli ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-4 ukuphakama. Njengoba i-Krone ikhula, ithatha isakhiwo esinqunyiwe nesincane.

Amagatsha alungile akhula cishe ezinhlangothini ezifanele, futhi amathiphu abo avame ukuqondiswa phezulu.

I-trunk ye-peyari i-cone eyakhelwe futhi iphikisiwe kancane. Amagxolo amancane phezu kwesiqu futhi amagatsha amakhulu anemibala eluhlaza.

Amaqabunga afana kakhulu futhi ahlangene nomkhawulo ohlangene kahle. Ipuleti leqabunga libushelelezi, ngaphandle kwe-pubescence futhi ligobile kancane. Amahlumela asundu kuphela kuphela afakwe amaqabunga.

Amafihledi efihlekile anikezwa ngobukhulu obukhulu kanye nefomu elandisiwe. Uhlobo oluxubile lwe-"Krasuli" oluvuthiwe - izithelo zakhiwa ngezithelo ezincane zezithelo, kolchatka kanye nokukhula konyaka odlule.

Izimbali ezinkulu ezimhlophe ezinhlobonhlobo ezinamafutha ovalo ziphekwe. Benza iphunga elimnandi kakhulu. Iphayiphu yezimbali "Krasulya" iqala phakathi no-May.

Izithelo ze "Krasuli" zinayo isakhiwo sezansi nxazonke. Izisindo zazo zisuka ku-90 kuya ku-120 g. Isithelo asikho umnsalo, kodwa endaweni yaso isimo esingavamile sokukhula, okubhekwa njengesibonakaliso se-peetar.

Izithelo ezivuthiwe "Krasuli" ezikhangayo kakhulu, ngakho wathola igama layo. Isikhumba esithakazelisayo sezimapheya sinethenda, i-oily futhi iluhlaza.

Ama-pears amahle angaziqhayisa ezinhlobonhlobo zamapheya: Rossoshanskaya Beautiful, Karataevskaya, Kupava naseLimonka.

Umbala wayo oyinhloko uhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nge-yellowness, kanti isembozo esiyingxenye enkulu yesithelo sibomvu nge-shade elincane le-violet. Ngaphansi kwesikhumba kungabonakala amaphuzu amaningi angaphansi.

Inyama enobuhle yesithelo "Krasuli" inomusa kakhulu ngesakhiwo esiyingxenye yesigamu esibi. It has ukunambitheka ocebile sweet futhi kancane okubabayo nge ocebile uhla shades.

Ukunambitha ukuhlolwa kwezinhlobonhlobo ohlelweni lwamaphuzu amahlanu - 4.7 amaphuzu.

Ukunambitheka okukhulu kune-Ilinka, Cosmic, Chizhovskaya ne Fairy.

Usizo. Esinye isici esithile sePrasulia eliphakathi kwelokuba khona kwamameva ngaphakathi komqhele, okwenza kube nzima ukuvunwa.

Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo futhi ubone amapheya "Krasuli" esithombeni ngezansi:

Izici

"Krasulya" balimi abajabulayo abanezivuno eziphakeme. Iqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesihlanu wokuphila.

Kusuka komuthi owodwa omdala "Krasuli" ungaqoqwa kuze kufike ku-50 kg yesivuno esiphundu kunazo zonke. Izithelo uvuthwe ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti. Ngemva kokususwa, zingagcinwa esiqandisini kuze kube amasonto amabili.

Izithelo ezifanayo ziboniswa yizinhlobo zikaJanvarsky, Chudesnitsa, Samara Beauty and Tatiana.

"Krasulia" ubusika obuhlukahlukene obusika. Kodwa-ke, izihlahla ezincane ezibuthakathaka zingafisa kancane, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuzifudumala ebusika.

Ngokushesha nje lapho i-pear iqala ukuthela izithelo, it Ubunzima bebusika buyanda kakhulu.

Usizo - "Krasulya" yizinhlobonhlobo ezizimeleNgakho-ke, kudinga indawo yokuvuna impova. Kunconyiwe "i-Severyanka" nelithi "Rainbow."

UNick, uThumbelina, uLira kanye neFairy Tale banomsebenzi onzima wobusika obuhle.

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa

• Ukufika.
  Ukutshala kufanele ukhethe izithombo ezinezimpande ezithuthukile. Amapheya angatshala ekwindla noma entwasahlobo. Indawo yepey ikhethwe kahle futhi ivikelwe emakhazeni abanda. Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba kusayithi kumele abe ngaphansi kwe-2.5m ukusuka emhlabathini.

  Uhlelo oluhle lokutshala izithombo ze-Krasulia eliphakathi kwezingu-3 ngamamitha ayi-6. Umhlabathi omuhle kakhulu we-pear yi-loamy noma umhlaba omhlabathi onomhlabathi. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi umhlaba wawune-acidic noma i-asidi encane.

  Uma utshala endaweni enobungozi obuthakathaka, kunconywa ukuba wengeze isigamu se kilogram ye-oxidizer - isulfure.

  Ubukhulu bebhasi: cishe 1 m inzulu futhi ayikho ngaphezu kuka-80 cm ububanzi. Umgodi olungiselelwe ogcwele inhlabathi evundile.

  Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungqimba olungaphezulu lwasemhlabeni, ubukhulu obungaba ngu-30-35 cm, okwakubanjwe ngaphambili emgodini, luxubene nalo izingxenye:

  1. amabhakede amathathu omquba noma ama-humus
  2. ibhakede lesasanti
  3. 500 ml we-chloride ye-potassium
  4. ibhakede le-dolomite ibhakede
  5. cishe ilitha lomlotha
  6. 500 ml ye-superphosphate

  Umgodi yingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu igcwele ingxube ehlanganisiwe evuthiwe futhi ishiywe kuleli fomu ngaphambi kokuqala kokutshala, okwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

  • Ngaphambi kokufika, isikhonkwane sokhuni siqhutshelwa emgodini u-30 cm ukusuka phakathi - kufanele sikhule 50-60 cm ngaphezu komhlaba.
  • Phakathi nendawo yomgodi, bafaka isigundane, babeke isithombo kuso futhi ngobumnene baqondise zonke izimpande ezinhlangothini.
  • Umgodi onomsila ugcwala umhlaba, unyakaza kancane umuthi, ukuze i-voids ingabi phakathi kwezimpande futhi igcwale umhlaba. Uma utshala, i-collar yezimpande kufanele iphakame ngo-3-6 cm ngaphezu kwenhlabathi.
  • Okulandelayo, umhlabathi ozungeza isithombo uyagxuma, futhi umuthi ngokwawo uboshwe emgodleni.
  • Endaweni engamamitha angu-30 azungeze isiqu enza umgodi wokunisela futhi uthele kuwo kusuka ku-3 kuya ku-5 amalitha amanzi. I-Pristvolny umquba wombuthano we-mulch noma i-peat.

  Kubalulekile! Emhlabathini omanzi onamapayipi angaphansi komhlaba, indawo yokungena ayidingekile.

  Kulesi simo, kwenziwa amanzi okuphuma kwamanzi, futhi umuthi utshalwe endaweni yokuvuna eyakhiwe evela ezweni elivundile.

  Njenganoma yisiphi isiko, i-pear Krasulia idinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela, okuqukethe ukuchelela okufanele, ukukhululeka okuvamile, ukusika izihlahla kanye nokuvikeleka ngesikhathi esifanele.

• Ukunisela
  Iphayitha idinga ukuchelela okuningi, kodwa akufanele kwenziwe kaningi - okwanele kusuka ku-2 kuya kwezingu-4 ngenyanga, kuye ngezimo zezulu. Izinga lokunisela liphuma ku-2 kuya ku-3 amabhakede ngomitha wesikwele wesondo lombuthano. Kubalulekile ukuthi amanzi ngesikhathi sokuchelela angena emanzini angama-60-80 cm.

  Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuchelela kuyadingeka yini kunqunywa isimo somhlabathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukumba umgodi omncane u-10 cm, uthathe inhlabathi kusuka phansi phansi esandleni sakho bese ucindezela. Uma umhlaba uphazamisa esandleni sakho, sekuyisikhathi sokuphuza leli peyari.

  Ngamapheya, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi inhlabathi ibe semanzi ngaphambi kokusila, emva kwayo, ngesikhathi sokubunjwa kwama-ovarie nangemva kokuvuna. Ukunisela kufanele kube emkhakheni womqhele wesihlahla. Ukunisela ngaphansi kwesiqu kubhekwa njengephutha elikhulu.

• Ikhulula futhi ihlanganiswe.
  Ukugcina i-stem ihlanzekile futhi iyanqamula njalo izimo ezibalulekile zezokwelapha. Kubalulekile ukususa ukhula ngesikhathi bese uhlanza inhlabathi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene.

  Ukugcina umhlabathi ngaphansi komuthi ugobile, emva kokuchelela noma imvula, umuntu kufanele ahlasele ngokujula kuya ku-5 kuya ku-6 cm bese ehlanza utshani, utshani noma i-peat.

• Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Izihlahla zamapheya ziqala ukondla ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila. Umanyolo we-Organic usetshenziswa njalo eminyakeni emithathu.

  Njalo entwasahlobo, ukufaka umanyolo nge-nitrogen fertilizer kwenziwa, kanti ekuqaleni nokuphakathi kwe-potash ehlobo ne-phosphate fertilizer isetshenziswa.

• Khulisa. Masinyane emva kokutshala izithombo zichitha ukusika izihlahla.

  Ukugqugquzela i-branching engcono kunabantwana abaneminyaka eyodwa, wonke amagatsha anqunywa kwesithathu.

  Emasimini amabili ubudala, ihlumela, eliphikisana nomholi, lifinyezwa yizingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu, amanye amagatsha ayingxenye yesithathu.

  Esikhathini esizayo, i-pear idinga kuphela ukusika izihlanzekile. Amagatsha asusiwe akhula ngaphakathi komqhele, kanye namagatsha asomile, aphukile futhi aqinile.

  Abalimi abanolwazi nabo batusa ukuthi ekwindla, bancishise amagatsha waminyaka yonke ngokunyuka okukhulu kwesigamu ubude, futhi okufutshane okuyingxenye yesithathu.

  Zonke izicucu kanye nokuqhekeka emthini zihlanganiswe nge-pitch garden noma ingxube yezingxenye ezimbili zobumba kanye nengxenye eyodwa ye-mullein ngokufaka inani elincane le-sulphate yethusi.

• Ukulungiselela ubusika.
  Ebusika obunqamule futhi obunzima, amapheya amancane athambekele ekubandleni. Ukuze zivikele izimpande zazo ezibucayi, indawo egciniwe kufanele ihlanganiswe ngendwangu ebanzi yomhlaba futhi igcwele izinto zokuzivikela.

  I-Shtamby izihlahla ezincane nezikhulile kufanele zigqoke impahla yokumboza. Akuyona into engathandeki ukuthi lokhu kusetshenziswe ifilimu nokunye kokuphahleni, ngoba abavumeli umoya udlule. I-coniferous tree ngesihlahla se-spruce siboshelwe eziqongweni, noma isigaxa esikhethekile, sivikela ngempumelelo isiqu somuthi kusuka kumagundane.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Iphakathi kwe "Krasulya" ehlukaniswa ngokumelene nesilonda nomdlavuza webhaktheriya, kodwa kungase kutholakale nezinye izifo zezihlahla zezithelo.

Idonsa likaMealy. Ukuze kuvikelwe lesi sifo entwasahlobo, izihlahla eziphakathi kwe-pear zifakwe ngesixazululo se-colloidal sulfur (izinyanga ezimbili noma ezintathu ngezikhathi zamasonto amabili).

Uma kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu, izihlahla zifakwe ngamakhemikhali (Skor, Tilt KE, Previkur, Bayleton, Vitaros, Topaz). Imithi iyadingeka ekwenzeni i-Bordeaux liquid.

Izithelo Rot okuvame ukuvela ngesikhathi semvula. Inyama yesithelo iba nsundu futhi ingabonakali. Zonke izithelo ezigula kumele zisuswe kusayithi bese zibhujiswa.

Ukuze kuvikelwe lesi sifo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nangemva kokusabalalisa, izitshalo ziphathwa nge-Bordeaux liquid. Ekwindla, izitshalo zifakwe ngekhambi eligcwele le-urea.

Ukugqwala Ngenxa yalesi sifo, i-Hom, i-Azofos, i-Medex, ne-Strobe iyasebenza. Zihlungiwe ngezitshalo ngaphambi nangemva kwezimbali, kanye nangesikhathi sesithelo.

Izinhlobonhlobo "Krasulya" ungesabi ukhonyovu lwama-mitekodwa ingase ihlaselwe ezinye izinambuzane. Ukulwa nabo kwenziwa ngosizo lwezinambuzane:

Kusukela ku-leafworm - ukwelashwa nge-karbofos ngenkathi ukuvuvukala kwezinso nangemva kokuqhakaza. Izibungu ezinambuzane zingabhubhisa besebenzisa ukukhipha ugwayi kanye nogwayi (400 g buhlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi bese ubambelela ezinsukwini ezingu-2, ukucwilisa kanye nengxenye ihlanza ngamanzi).

Kusukela ku-sucker eliphakathi kwe-pear - ukupunika kokuqala ngaphambi kokuqala kwezimbali "Iskra-M", futhi okwesibili - ngemuva kwayo, "Iskra DE". Ukuthungwa kwezihlahla ezinomusi ogwayi ugwayi kuyingozi kuma-suckers omdala.

Kusuka ku-pear moth - ukwelashwa ne-Iskra bio ne-Kinmiks noma i-Decis ngaphambi nangemva kokuqhakaza. Cishe inyanga eyodwa ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ungaphinde ukhiphe izihlahla ze-Iskra DE.

Futhi isebenza ngokumelene nenundu "i-Agravertin", "i-Fitoverm", "i-Iskra-bio", "i-Aurum-S". Entwasahlobo, ukubopha amabhande kuhlelwe emithini yomuthi, futhi ukukhwabanisa kusetshenziselwa ukubamba amabhu.

Ukuphikiswa kwezifo kuboniswa yizinhlobo ezilandelayo: u-Elena, uSvetlyanka, uHera neKhethrarethi.

Ukunakekelwa komuthi okufanele futhi okufika ngesikhathi kusiza ukuvimbela izinambuzane nezifo. Kubalulekile ukuqhuba izihlahla nge-thinning yomqhele ngesikhathi sokuphumula okungcono. Ekwindla, eduze kwe-trunk imibuthano kanye nesidingo sendawo yokugudluza.

I-pear Krasulia ingumuthi ongathobeki, ongenakuqhathaniswa nesibhakabhaka ongahle uthande noma yiliphi ingadi. Ukuze ukhule i-pear enhle futhi uthole isivuno sokuqala, kuzothatha isikhathi esiningi nomzamo. Nokho, izithelo ze- "Krasuli" zinomsoco futhi zikhangayo ukuthi zizokhokha yonke imisebenzi yakho.