Amagilebhisi amnyama yiwo amagama okuthiwa yinkosikazi yaseSpain - u-Isabella, okuhlukahlukene okwenza kube nesimo sezulu esinzima. Futhi njengoba ubuhle beNyakatho ne-Super Extra buhlukile kakhulu ukumelana neqhwa ngisho ngaphandle kwesitoreji esikhethekile.
Awujwayele izifo eziningi zomvini futhi kancane ethintekile izinambuzane.
Inzuzo engafakaziwe yezinhlobonhlobo yiyona isivuno esikhulu esilingana nomkhiqizo we-Anniversary of Kherson Summer Resident nokuzithoba ngokuphelele. Ngisho noma umlimi oqalayo angakhula kalula amagilebhisi anjalo esakhiweni sakhe. Udinga nje ukulandela imithetho embalwa elula nezincomo zokutshala nokunakekelwa.
Indlela yokutshala amagilebhisi u-Isabella?
Okokuqala udinga ukukhetha isitelwane esifanele bese unquma indawo yokutshala. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ezindaweni ezibandayo, lezi zihlukahlukene zingabusika ngokuphephile ngo-to -30 C futhi akudingi indawo yokuhlala.
U-Isabella uyinhlobonhlobo eyisikhathi eside futhi ephakeme futhi ukuvuthwa okugcwele ezimweni ezibandayo badinga indawo efudumele, enelanga enendawo enkulu yokusekela. Ngokugcwele incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo ongayithola kulesi sihloko.
Indawo ekahle yokuhlala kuleli cala kungaba ukubeka eduze nodonga lwendlu noma indlu. wakhiwe Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amagilebhisi kufanele atshalwe kude ebangeni elingu-1 ukusuka edongeni elisekelayo.
Kubalulekilengakho-ke esiseduze akukho izihlahla ezide nezihlahla ezithinta umvini futhi ziphosa inhlabathi. Akukho nhlobo ayikwazi ukubekwa eceleni kommbila ne-sunflower.
Thenga futhi utshale izihlahla zamagilebhisi ukuwa okungcono. Ungatshala entwasahlobo, kepha izinga lokusinda, kulokhu, lizobe libi nakakhulu. Ngokutshala, kungcono ukhethe ama-saplings waminyaka yonke ngesistimu yezimpande eziqinile.
Ngaphambi kokufika qiniseka ukuthi ulungisa inhlabathi. Uma inhlabathi iyasebenza, khona-ke amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokutshala kufanele kube yi-liming. U-Isabella akafuni ukubunjwa komhlaba, kodwa ngeke ikhule enhlabathini enomsoco enezinga eliphezulu lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Ngodaka, kudingeke ukuba kusetshenziswe imithombo emihle, i-peat-sand-sand;
Kubalulekile ukulungiselela kahle imbewu yokutshala. Uma izimpande zomile noma zokutshala azihlelwe ngokushesha emva kokuthenga, kungcono ukulahla isithombo ngosuku olulodwa emanzini afudumele. Ngaphambi kokutshala, ukusika izihlahla kanye nezimpande kwenziwa. Izimpande eziyinhloko zikhawulwe ku-5-10 cm, zibalekele - amehlo angu-3-5.
Phaka ukutshala okulungiselelwe kusengaphambili. Kumele kube ukujula kwama-50-90 cm (kuye ngokuthi ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi) futhi ububanzi buka-80 cm. Ngezansi kuyadingeka ubeke ungqimba oluhle lwamanzi.
Ukuze lokhu kulungele noma yikuphi amatshe amancane noma igravel. Ukusuka ngenhla uthele ungqimba encane wenhlabathi ekhishwe bese ubeka isikhonkwane esisisekelo.
Khona-ke zalisa: umquba, i-potashi usawoti, umlotha kanye ne-superphosphate, ugcwalise umhlaba omncane futhi uhlume ngokucophelela isihlahla.
Izimpande zawo zifakwe emhlabathini we-gruel webumba, zifakwe ngaphakathi futhi zibophe ngokukhululekile ukutshala kwesikhonkwane.
Izwe elizungezile liqinile futhi liphuza kakhulu. Emva kokuphuza, qiniseka ukuthi uhlukanisa kahle umgodi nge-peat.
Lapho ufika endaweni evulekile, hhayi eduze kwezindonga, kumele silondoloze ibanga elithile phakathi kwezitshalo: Phakathi kwemigqa - engaphansi kwe-2 m, naphakathi kwezithombo ngaphakathi kwemigqa - cishe 1.5 m. Ngalolu hlelo lokutshala, kuyadingeka ukufaka ukusekelwa okukhethekile kwensimbi emvinini.
Iyiphi uhlobo lokunakekelwa okudingekayo?
Indlela yokunakekela amagilebhisi Isabella? Okokuqala, u-Isabella udinga ukuchelela okuhle ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, ngaphambi kokuvela kwamajikijolo. Imvamisa yokunisela ixhomeke ekubunjweni kwenhlabathi: emhlabathini owunzima kuyadingeka ukuba uchithe kancane, emhlabathini olula - kaningi. Ukukhulula njalo, weeding kanye nomanyolo.
Amaminerali amaminerali angasetshenziswa izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-3 ngonyaka. Kuhle, ngesikhathi sokukhula kwamagilebhisi, ukondla umquba omusha uhlanjululwa emanzini ngokungezwa kwe-superphosphate. Ungakhohlwa ngakho inhlabathi egcwele inhlabathi emva kokunisela ngamunye.
Ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala, ukusika izimpande ezingenasisekelo (ukuvunwa) kwenziwa. Ngentwasahlobo, basusa amahlumela abonakele futhi abanjwe amaqhwa, benze izinti bese bephawula iziqongo zamahlumela maduzane ngaphambi kokuchichima. Njengoba amahlumela ekhula emuva, kufanele ahlanganiswe nokusekelwa, anikeze isiqondiso esifanele sokukhula.
Konke mayelana nokuvuna kwe-Isabella, nokuthi ngabe lezi zihlukahlukene zifanelekile ekukhiqizeni iwayini, uzothola lapha.
Khumbula ukuthi inhlangano yokunakekelwa kahle kwemivini izokuvumela ukuba ugweme izifo ezifana ne-mildew, i-oidium, i-anthracnose, ezihlukahlukene zokubola, i-rubella. Ukuqaphela imithetho yokutshala, ukusika izihlahla, ukuchitha nokuthatha ezinye izinyathelo ezanele, ungavikela izitshalo zakho ezinkingeni ezifana nomdlavuza we-bacterial, chlorosis, kanye ne-bacteriosis.
Isithombe
Ukuzibona kahle ngamagilebhisi "u-Isabella" kungaba esithombeni ngezansi:
Ukudubula ekwindla: imiyalelo eningiliziwe
Ukuqhuba Ukwehla kwekwindla kufanele kube amasonto amathathu ngemuva kokuwa kwamaqabunga. Okokuqala susa amahlumela abuthakathaka futhi aqinile. Ezihlahleni ezincane zisuke ezihlathini ezi-3 kuya ku-8 eziphilile zikhula nge-angle kuya emhlabathini. Abantwana abasha abavuthiwe basuswe ngokuphelele, futhi labo abaqinile basuswa ngu-2/3. Sikaze ngakwesokudla, ngangokunokwenzeka kusuka emahlumela e-fruiting.
Amahlumela amancane ahlolwe kancane ngaphezu kwendawo ephansi. U-Isabella wenza okuthiwa izihlahla ezincane: amehlo ama-5-6 asele kuhlumela lonyaka owodwa. Esikhathini sokudubula eside, cishe ama-1.1 amehlo kufanele ashiywe ngamamitha amabili ububanzi.
Kubalulekile ukulandela imithetho embalwa yokunciphisa:
- qiniseka ukuthi ukusikeka kungaphakathi ngaphakathi kwehlumela;
- emva kokukhipha amahlumela wonyaka, akukho stumps okufanele ihlale;
- ukusika kufanele kube bushelelezi ngokuphelele;
- umvini wonyaka unqunywe u-1 cm ngenhla;
- amahlumela akhulile kusuka ezimpandeni asuswa ekujuleni kuka 10-15 cm ngaphansi komhlaba.
Ngezihlahla ezifanele futhi ezivamile zesihlahla, ungaqinisekisa ukuvunwa okuhle isikhathi eside futhi ukwandise isivini ngokukhiqiza izihlahla.
Ukukhiqizwa yi-cuttings
Ukuhlala kanjani? Ngesikhathi sokusika izikwindla, ungakwazi ukulungiselela ukusika ukutshala. Ukuze wenze lokhu, unqume ingxenye yokuphunyuka kwonyaka, cishe ngo-7-10 mm ububanzi futhi 1.5-2 m ubude.
Kunezindlela ezimbili zesitoko:
- Sika umvini uthathe izingcezu ezincane zika-20-40 cm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye engaphezulu ye-cut kumele ibe ngu-2-3 cm ngaphezu kwehlo.
Bese-cuttings Amahora angu-1-2 agwetshiwe esisombululo se-sulfate esivumayo futhi anqume ukugcinwa kuze kufike entwasahlobo endaweni ebandayo.
Ukuze ulondolozwe kangcono, ziboshwe ngendwangu emanzi futhi ziboshwe ngokuqinile emasakeni epulasitiki.
Ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari, i-cuttings iphuma iphinde ibe ne-substrate ye-conifer sawdust emanzi.
I-Substrate ivuselela njalo, ingavumeli ukuthi ime. Emva kokuvela kwezimpande ezincane, ama-cuttings atshalwe enhlabathini elungiselelwe yesihlabathi, umquba nomhlaba kuze kube yilapho kuqothulwa khona.
- Amahlamvu asusiwe emvinini olungiselelwe, agxilwe ngaphakathi kwendandatho futhi, ngaphandle kokwelashwa okwengeziwe, agcinwa endaweni emnyama, epholile. Sika ama-cuttings entwasahlobo, bese ushiya amehlo angu-5-6 ngalunye. Ngemva kwalokho Amaviki angu-2-3 abekwe emanzini futhi agqoke indawo efudumele ebomvu ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwezimpande. Ukusika okunye okugxile enhlabathini ekhethekile nokusetshenziswa kwamaminerali omanyolo.
Ukusika okunjalo kungatshalwa endaweni engunaphakade ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.
Ukwakhiwa komvini omdala: ubuqili nokuhlakanipha
Ukugwema izinkinga esikhathini esizayo, shaping Izidingo zezintaba zomvini qala ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokufika. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, umvini omdala uqala ukulimaza ngesikhatsi, isivuno sincipha futhi ukunakekelwa kwamagilebhisi anjalo kuba nzima.
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukukhetha indlela efanele yokugqoka. Lapho amagilebhisi esesodongeni, asekelwa ngaphansi kokuthambekela, ngokubekwa kwamahhala - trellis eqondile. Kubalulekile ukwelula umvini phezu kwendawo yonke ye-trellis ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala mahhala kwelanga nomoya kuzo zonke izingxenye zomvini.
Izinhlobonhlobo zika-Isabella azihlanganisiwe ebusika, ngakho-ke kuhle kuye isihlahla esikhulu se-thoracic.
Ukuze ukwakhiwa kwalesi sihlahla, kubalulekile ukususa bonke abantwana abathweswa izinyathelo abangaphezu kwesiteji sesithathu se-tapestry, ngezansi - 2-3 izinyathelo ezishiywe futhi inhloko yehlumela ikhonjiwe.
U-Isabella uphelele ukudala ama-arches, i-arbors ne-pergolas. Futhi umhlobiso omuhle kakhulu wezakhiwo zakho ungasebenza njengamagilebhisi entombazane ene incazelo ephelele ongayithola kuwebhusayithi yethu.
Imfuneko esemqoka ekwakheni ukuvimbela isihlahla kusukela ekutheni. Izihlahla ezivuselelayo zenziwa minyaka yonke emvinini omdala: zisusa yonke imicibisholo ngemivini ngonyaka odlule, kanti amahlumela anyaka nonyaka anqunywe amehlo angu-2-4 ngakwesobunxele, nazo zonke izinqubo ezikhulayo kuwo, ukwakha isitifiketi esisha sesithelo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu qala ukubunjwa kwehlathi ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ungavumeli ukukhula okungalawuliwe kwamahlumela.
Uma ulandela yonke le mithetho elula yokutshala nokunakekela u-Isabella amagilebhisi, ungayilalisa e-dacha ngisho nangenalwazi olukhethekile. U-Isabella ungumvini omuhle kakhulu, okulula ukuwunakekela, ukwakha nokuzala.
Ukubona ngeso lengqondo indlela yokwenza kahle isihlahla kungaba kwividiyo engezansi:
