I-euonymus yaseYurophu idume phakathi kwabalimi be-amateur.
Lesi sitshalo sinamanye amagama - isihlahla se-spindle, isigqoko sama-episcopal.
Ulwazi mayelana nesitshalo seqabunga lomhlobiso luzosiza ukuqonda imithetho yokutshala, ukunakekelwa nokukhiqiza kwe-European Euonymus.
Ngokuqinisekile uzothola amaqiniso athakazelisayo.
Incazelo jikelele yesitshalo
Euonymus European - isihlahla noma umuthi oqhamukayo kuze kufike ku-3 m, ngezinye izikhathi kuze kufike ku-5-8 m. Amagatsha angama-tetrahedral, ama-warts, njengezinye zezilwane, azikho.
Izindawo zokukhula
- ICaucasus
- ECrimea
- Ingxenye yaseYurophu yaseRussia.
Nakani! Izibonelo zomuntu ngamunye zifinyelela eminyakeni engama-50 noma ngaphezulu. Enqolobaneni ye-biosphere i-Askania-Nova (Ukraine), i-euonymus ikhula ngo-6 m, ubude be-4 m, iminyaka yobudala bomnikazi wemibhalo engu-62.
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza - ngo-Ephreli - Juni. Izimbali ezincane eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zifinyelela ku-10-12 mm.
Isithelo ibhokisi elilinezinhlamvu ezine ezicebile eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngemuva kokuba izithelo zivuthwe, imbewu encane ihlala emiceleni encane.
Ukuhlobisa okuphezulu amaqabunga kanye nezithelo eziqhakazile ngesikhathi sekwindla kuchaza ukuthandwa kwezihlahla (izihlahla) ku-design landscape. Lolu hlobo lwe-euonymus ngokuvamile etholakala ezigciniwe, ezicingo.
Izinhlobo
I-Euonymus inezinhlobo eziningana:
- iphiko eliyingqayizivele;
- amancane - aphelele ekukhuleni ekhaya;
- i-warty engahloniphekile;
- IsiJapane
Isithombe
Esithombeni esingezansi ungakwazi ukubona ukubonakala kwe-European Euonymus:
Ukutshala nokunakekela ekhaya
I-European Euonymus isungulwe kahle emasimini nasemapaki. Izimo zomuzi nokunyuka kokungcoliswa kwegesi kulesi sitshalo akuzona ezimbi.
Abalimi bamasimu bayazi ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo ze-Euonymus iqhuma kakhuluEbeleni, amaqabunga aqabile ajabule. Umqhele ovulekile ovulekile noma ongenamanzi amaningi enhlobonhlobo yezimbali unomphumela wokuhlobisa ophezulu.
Kubalulekile! I-caveat kuphela - yokwenyuka komhlobiso kudinga indawo eyanele yendawo evulekile.
Ukunakekela emva kokuthenga
Letha izithombo ekhaya indawo endaweni epholile: Vumela izimpande ziphumule kancane. Qinisekisa ukuthi ulondoloze inhlabathi ethile yomdabu, eyake ikhula isikhala esincane. Gcina umhlabathi wet.
Ukudubula
Ukwenziwa komqhele kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekupheleni kwe-fruiting. I-euonymus isabela ekunqunyeni izinwele ngokukhula okusheshayo kwamahlumela amancane.
Ifomu eliyinhloko lomqhele i-elliptical noma i-conical.
Abasimili bevame ukwenza umuthi ojwayelekile.
Kubalulekile! Izihlahla ezihlanzekile ezihlanzekile zivunyelwe ngesikhathi sokukhula kuphela ngezibonakaliso ezinkulu.
Sebenzisa iziqongo eziqaphileyo, ususe amahlumela abuthakathaka.
Ukunisela
U-Euonymus ukhetha umswakama ophansi womhlabathi. With ukuchelela oluningi uphawu uphawu impande, ukukhula abampofu. Hlela hhayi okubi ihlupheka izikhathi ezithile.
Ukufika
Izitshalo etshalwe emhlabathini entwasahloboukutshala ekwindla okungavamile. Khetha indawo enelanga: emthunzini we-efihlekile uzizwa unzima nakakhulu, amaqabunga alahlekelwa izinto zawo zokuhlobisa.
Indlela yokwenza:
- ukumba imbobo ngokulindela ukuthi intamo impande isezansi;
- ubukhulu be-recess emhlabathini buyisikhathi esisodwa nesigamu esikhulu kunazo zonke izimpande zesithombo;
- faka isihlabathi se-10 cm phansi;
- engeza ingxube ye-peat, ishlabathi, umhlaba we-sod (2: 1: 1);
- isendlalelo esilandelayo - umanyolo wamaminerali - 100 g kanye ne-lime e-slaked - 200 g. I-pH level engcono ayikho ngaphezu kwe-7.5;
- izimpande ze-powder, kancane kancane, uthele ngokulinganisela.
Abalimi abaningi basitshala isihlahla esitshaliwe eduze kwezitshalo zezithelo: izinambuzane zihambela esitshalweni seqabunga lokuhlobisa, likhohlwa ngama-apula. Gcina ibanga lakho, okwanele ukwakheka mahhala komqhele wezihlahla noma izihlahla.
Ukufakelwa
Sekuyisikhathi sokutshala izithombo ezincane ezincane.
Endaweni ehlala njalo e-Euonymus ifakwe iminyaka engu-3.
Khetha usuku olungenakuphefumula lapho umhlabathi ufudumele ngokwanele.
Imithetho yokutshala ifana nezitshalo ezindala.
Ukukhula
Euonymus idinga ukukhanya okwanele, inhlabathi engahambisani nendawo noma i-alkaline imvelo, i-aeration ejwayelekile. Umhlabathi we-Clay, ngaphandle kwamaminerali nama-organic fertilizer, udinga ukusikwa kwesihlabathi njalo.
Masinyane emva kokuchelela, ufafaze umquba we-peat eduze nesitshalo. I-autumn nesentwasahlobo sebenzisa isikhathi esisodwa ngokufaka umquba ngamaminerali omanyolo.
Kubalulekile! Isihlahla se-spindle asibekezelelisi salinization. Buka ubuhle bomhlabathi, gcina izinga le-pH kusuka ku-6.6 kuya ku-7.5.
Ukuzala
Umbono oyinhloko ifomu le-vegetative:
- izimpande zezimpande;
- ukuhlukana kwamahlathi;
- i-cuttings eluhlaza.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu kudinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe nokubekezela. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, iningi lembewu ihluma kuphela entwasahlobo yesibili. Abanini bezandla balima imbewu ukusheshisa inqubo yokuhluma.
Isikhathi sokuqiniswa:
- isigaba sokuqala yizinyanga ezingu-3-4 ekushiseni okuvela ku +10 kuya ku -12;
- isigaba sesibili siyizinyanga ezingu-4-5, izinga lokushisa liwehla ku-0 ... + 3C.
Nakani! Imbewu ihlwanyelwa endaweni ekhethiwe ngokukhethekile. Ukwakhiwa kwenhlabathi ekahle yi-turf, isihlabathi, i-humus, ne-leaf soil (1: 1: 2: 4).
Emoyeni epholile (ekwindla nasentwasahlobo) ungqimba lwe-peat crumb mulch liyadingeka. Ebusika, qiniseka ukumboza amahlumela amancane amagatsha ase-spruce.
Ukushisa
Isitshalo seqabunga elihlobisa uthanda ukufudumala, kodwa hhayi okubi kukhuthaze ukushisa ebusika.
Ukuphikiswa kwesimo sezulu avunyelwe ukutshala ama-cowberries ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene ze-European ingxenye yaseRussia.
Ukukhanyisa
Emthunzini amaqabunga okuhlobisa ayancipha, ukukhula kukhula izaqathe
Indawo efanele - izindawo ezivulekile ezinokutholakala ngokwanele kokukhanya kwelanga.
Zuza kanye nokulimala
Ukusetshenziswa kwesihlahla se-spindled:
- ekwakhiweni komhlaba, njengesitshalo esivikela umhlabathi;
- ababelethi, ama-phytotherapists;
- izinkuni zekhwalithi ziyadingeka ukukhiqizwa kwamagayipi omzimba; ukudweba, ukudweba;
- amafutha anamafutha - isisekelo sokukhiqiza izinga eliphezulu insipho yemvelo;
- le gxolo iqoqa amaphesenti aphezulu e-gutta-percha enjenge-rubber;
- imbewu yembatho, i-decoction yamabhokisi asetshenzisiwe yokwenza upende;
- amalahle avuthayo okwenziwa ngamapulangwe asetshenziselwa amapensela wokuzamazama;
- Ikhekhe ithunyelwa izinkomo zokudla.
Kubalulekile! I-Bruslina ayilimazi izihlahla eziseduze nezihlahla. I-nuance eyodwa - ukubola izithelo ezibomvu kunobuthi.
Izifo nezinambuzane
U-Euonymus uheha izinambuzane zasegadini. Abanini bezandla bavame ukusebenzisa izinkathazo njengesicupho sezinambuzane eziyingozi.
Esihlahleni se-spindle ngokuvamile sihlala:
- i-apple moth;
- i-hawthorn;
- i-aphid;
- amacimbi;
- isi-spider mite;
- i-mealybug
Izifo ezinkulu
- i-trunk rot - Isifo esinobungozi esiyingozi esinzima ukusiphatha. Ukuze uvimbele entwasahlobo, phatha isitshalo nge-Bordeaux ingxube ye-1%. Uma kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zezinkomo, ushise lesi sitshalo ngaphandle kokungabaza, ngaphandle kwalokho ifunguthulu izosabalalisa izihlahla nezihlahla ezinempilo;
- i-powdery isikhutha - Esinye isifo esithinta isihlahla se-spindle. Ukulwa kudinga ama-fungicides: Topaz, Previkur, Fundazol. Imvamisa yokwelashwa - zonke ezinye izinsuku ukuqeda lesi sifo.
Manje uyazi izici zokunakekelwa nokulima kwe-European Euonymus - isitshalo sokuqala esinempahla ephakeme yokuhlobisa. Engeza imibala ekhanyayo engadini yakho, yakha imodi yokugubha usuku lwama-autumn!
