I-Ruellia (i-Dipteracanthus) ngokuvamile isitshalo se-herbaceous se-acanthus.
Ezinye izinhlobo ezihlala ezindaweni zemvelo (ezishisayo zaseMelika nase-Asia) zingase zibukeke njengezihlahla noma ama-shrubs.
Kuze kube manje, kunezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo ezingamakhulu amabili. Ezinye zazo kulula ukukhula ngaphakathi.
Incazelo jikelele yesitshalo
I-Ruelle ibaluleke kakhulu ngamakhadi ayo akhangayo, ama-velvety, angaba yi-monophonic and patterned. Ukukhazimula okucacile kwesitshalo nakho kuyathakazelisa: imbali ngayinye ye-tubular ihlala kusukela ekuseni kuze kube sekupheleni kosuku bese iwa, futhi enye entsha isishintsha ngokushesha. "Ruellia" izimbali eside ngokwanele kusukela maphakathi nohlobo kuze kuqale ubusika. Ezinye izinhlobo zingaqhakaza cishe unyaka wonke.
Isithombe
Isithombe sibonisa uLiana "Ruellia" ngokunakekelwa kahle ekhaya:
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
Ezimweni zasendlini, "i-Ruellia" ingatshalwa hhayi nje kuphela njengesitshalo sembiza, kepha futhi njengesitshalo esikhulu, besebenzisa izimbiza nezibhebhe ezinamathele, isibonelo, ensimini yasebusika. Imbali ingenakuzithoba, kulula kakhulu ukusabalalisa, ngakho-ke iphelele ekuzaliseni ngisho nabalimi abaqalayo abangenalwazi.
Izenzo emva kokuthenga
Ngemuva kokuthenga "i-Ruellia", kunconywa ukuthi uyibeke endaweni yokuhlukanisa amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu.
Ukwenza lokhu, kufakwa ekamelweni elihlukile lapho kungekho khona ezinye izitshalo, futhi kuqapha isimo sawo.
Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imbali ayinaso igciwane nezifo nezinambuzane ezingalimaza zonke izimbali ezivele zikhona endlini.
Kuzophinde kuhlinzeke ngo-Ruelia ithuba lokushiya ukucindezeleka okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhamba. Ngemuva kwaloko, kudinga ukufakwa endaweni engaphansi komhlaba, njengoba igcinwa ezitolo lapho kuthuthwa inhlabathi engakwazi ukunikeza isitshalo ngomsoco odingekayo ekukhuleni okuqhubekayo nokuchuma.
Ukukhanyisa
Ukulondolozwa kwe "Ruelia" igumbi elikhanyayo kodwa elingafani liyadingeka. Uzozizwa ekhululekile engxenyeni esentshonalanga noma empumalanga yekamelo.
Kungatholakala eningizimu, ukudala shading okuthembekile kusukela ilanga elikhanyayo. Ngaphandle kokuthi imisebe yayo eqondile ingabangela ukushisa okukhulu esihlahleni, igalelo ekulahlekelweni kwamahlamvu embala wokuhlobisa wokuqala, futhi iba umthunzi omubi wethusi.
Uma i-Ruellia ikhulile efasiteleni elisenyakatho, ukukhanya okungeziwe kufanele kuhlinzekwe kuso ngokusebenzisa izibani zelanga, ukukhanya kwelanga kufanele kube okungenani amahora ayishumi nesithupha ehlobo futhi cishe ngo-9 ebusika.
Uma kungenjalo, lesi sitshalo siqala ukwelula ngokushesha, izimbali ziba buthakathaka futhi zifushane, futhi ngeke zifike.
Ukushisa kwemoya nomswakama
Esikhathini sentwasahlobo nehlobo, i-"Ruell" inconywa ukuthi igcinwe ekushiseni kwamadireji angamashumi amabili nambili kuya kwayishumi nanhlanu. Ekubeni nasebusika, kuncishiswa ku-degrees ayishumi nesishiyagalolunye, kodwa hhayi ephansi, ngoba emazingeni aphansi okushisa imbali iyeka ukukhula ngokuqinile, futhi enhlabathini e-supercooled, uhlelo lwempande lungaqala ukubola.
Ukutshala isitshalo kudinga umswakama ophezulu, cishe amaphesenti ayisishiyagalombili.
Ukomisa umoya ophezulu kakhulu kunomthelela ekwenzeni nokusabalala okusheshayo kwezinambuzane esitshalweni, kanye nokwehliswa, ukumiswa kanye namaqabunga ehla.
Ukuze ukwandise izinga lomswakama, ungagcwalisa i-pallet ngamahlumela aswakanyisiwe noma igravel, ubeke izinkomishi zamanzi eziseduze neRuelley noma usebenzise i-humidifier emoyeni.
Ebusika, udinga ukususa ibhodlela nesitshalo kude namadivayisi okushisa.
Kubalulekile! Imishanguzo iphikisana neRuellia, ibangela ukuwa okubukhali kwamaqabunga engxenyeni engezansi ye-stem.
Imiphumela emihle itholakala ngokukhula "i-Ruelly" usebenzisa ama-florariums, ama-aquariums noma ama-green-green.
Ukunisela nokudla
Ukunisela "i-Ruellia" kufanele ibe njalo futhi iningi lonke unyaka wonke. Ngesikhathi sokukhula nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza, lesi sitshalo siyokwamukela umswakama owengeziwe, ngakho-ke, ukuchelela kufanele kube kaningi kunalokho emva kokuqhakaza.
Inhlabathi ayikwazi ukudlulela, kufanele ihlale imanzi, kodwa ingenayo imifula engaphezulu futhi inamanzi, okubangela ukuthi kwenzeke izimpande ezibola.
Kule ndaba, udinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela isimo saso nokuphuthumisa njengoba kudingeka. Amanzi okuchelela kufanele ahlanzwe kahle, athambile futhi afudumele.
I-sub-feed "I-Ruell" iqala entwasahlobo futhi iholele ekupheleni kwezimbali. Ngalesi sizathu, izitshalo eziyinkimbinkimbi zomhlaba wonke noma izitshalo zamaminerali zezitshalo zokuhlobisa zisetshenziswa kanye njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili.
Umhlabathi nembiza
I-Ruellia ayifuni ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi, kodwa ukuthola isitshalo esinempilo futhi esiphumelelayo, usadinga ukunakekelwa inani elanele lezakhi zomhlabathi.
Kusukela emaxubeni enhlabathi okwenziwe ngomumo, ungathatha inhlabathi evamile yonke futhi ungeze inani elincane le-perlite kulo.
Uma i-substrate ilungiselelwe yedwa, ungakwazi ukulungisa okulandelayo:
- Umhlaba weLeaf - izingxenye ezimbili, umhlaba we-sod - izingxenye ezimbili, i-peat - ingxenye eyodwa, igrafu ye-fraction encane - ingxenye eyodwa;
- Umhlabathi we-Leaf, umhlabathi we-turf, i-humus, i-peat, isihlabathi esinomhlabathi olinganayo.
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi inhlabathi ivulekile ngokwanele futhi ilula, ngakho ungakwazi ukwengeza amalahle ochotshoziwe noma i-pine bark engxenyeni etholakalayo.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, udinga ukubulala amagciwane emhlabathini, lokhu ungasebenzisa i-ovini, i-microwave, noma okungenani uyichithe ngamanzi abilayo noma isisombululo se-potassium permanganate.
Okokuqala, izitshalo ezincane zitshalo ngokwanele ububanzi obungamamitha ayisishiyagalolunye ayisishiyagalolunye. Esikhathini esizayo, ngokufakelwa ngakunye, kwanda kancane.
Izinto ezivela lapho isitsha esenziwe khona azikhathaleli kakhulu i-Ruelly, ingaba yiplastiki ne-ceramic. Futhi, ibhodlela kufanele liphansi, lifana nesitsha.
Ukufakelwa nokutshala izihlahla
Njengoba "i-Ruwellia" ikhula masinyane futhi ilahlekelwe ukuheha kwayo kwasekuqaleni, abalimi abaningi bezimbali abajwayele ukusika izihlahla futhi baguquke, kodwa baqede isitshalo esisha esincane. Uma kunjalo, kwenziwa isinqumo sokushiya isitshalo, kungcono ukuyihlwanyela entwasahlobo.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, okokuqala udinga ukugoba iziqu ezinomile nezide kakhulu.
Khona-ke imbali isuswa ngokucophelela esitsheni ngaphandle kokuhlanza i-coma yomhlaba futhi ifakwe ebhodweni elisha, elingafanele libe likhulu kakhulu kunalowo owedlule.
"I-Ruellia" ibhula ngokusemandleni kuphela.
Isitshalo esitshalisiwe kufanele sisetshenziswe, sibekwe endaweni ehlala njalo yokukhula futhi siholele ekunakekeleni okujwayelekile.
Ukuzala
Ngeshwa, "iRuellia" njengezitshalo ezithengiswayo ayinqabile kakhulu.
Ngokusobala, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngokushesha ulahlekelwa umphumela walo wokuhlobisa futhi kudinga ukuvuselelwa njalo, okunciphisa inani layo lokuthengisa. Ngakho-ke, abalimi abaningi bakhula "iRuelle" ngokuzimela, besebenzisa izicuttings kanye nembewu.
Ukukhula kusuka enzalweni
Emva kokuphela kwezimbali ku "Ruellia", izithelo-amabhokisi ezinamaqabunga amaningana, lapho kukhona khona imbewu, zakhiwa.
Uma zivuthiwe futhi zomile, zidinga ukunqunywa ngokucophelela esitshalweni, ngoba i-sash kulula kakhulu ukuvula nokuhlakaza imbewu eningi.
Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile "i-Ruellia" ikhiqiza ngokuzimela, ngenkathi ingekho kuphela ebhodweni layo, kodwa nakulo olulandelayo.
Emva kokuqoqa imbewu udinga ukuyihlwanyela emandleni aphansi engxenyeni, efaka i-peat nesihlabathi ngobuningi obulinganayo. Ukuhamba kancane kancane, kuhlanganiswe ifilimu ye-polyethylene futhi kufakwe ekamelweni elikhanyayo nelithakazelisayo.
Izithombo zivela ngokushesha, kodwa izithombo zingatshala kuphela uma zineziqabunga ezine.
Ukukhiqizwa yi-cuttings
Kungenzeka ukusabalalisa i- "Ruell" nge-cuttings unyaka wonke.
Amahlumela anamandla akhethwa ukuba aqothule, aqunyiwe futhi afakwe emkhunjini ngamanzi, lapho kunconywa ukuba wengeze isikhumba esicindezelekile esicindezelweyo ukuze kuvinjelwe ukubola kwezinto zokutshala, kanye nesithuthukisi sokukhula ukusheshisa ukwakhiwa kwezimpande.
Ngemuva kokuba uhlelo lwempande oluhluthulelwe lube noluthuthukile ngokwanele, udinga ukuwafakisela emabhokisini kusukela ezicathulweni ezintathu kuya kweziyisikhombisa ngalunye. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuba udale ngokushesha isihlahla esihle esinezimbali ezimnandi.
Qaphela! Lapho izithombo zifinyelela ekuphakameni okufunayo, udinga ukuchofoza ukuqinisa ukuhlanganisa.
I-Cuttings ingagxilizwa ngokushesha endaweni encane ye-substrate. Batshala ngamunye ngamunye ngezinkomishi ezincane zepulasitiki, ezimbozwe izimbiza zezingilazi, ezikhishwa nsuku zonke ukuze zenze umoya we-ventilation kanye ne-humidification. Ngemuva kokungena ekukhuleni bese uqala ukwakha amashidi amasha, ungawahlwanyela ngokwanele izingcezu eziningana.
Kwanele ukuwahlukanisa nesitshalo somama nokufakelwa embizeni ehlukile.
Sebenzisa, ulimaze futhi usebenzise
Isayensi ifakaze ukuthi "iRuellia" inomthelela ekubhujisweni kwezifo eziphilayo ezibangelwa yi-staphylococcus. Futhi ezweni lakubo, lisetshenziselwa abaphilisa abantu. Ukuze ukwelashwa kwezifo zezindlebe kusetshenziswe ijusi elisha lokuqeda izinyosi elungiselela i-decoction yamaqabunga.
Uma uphonsa amaqabunga ambalwa omisiwe esitshalweni emlilweni, intuthu ephuma kuwo izosiza ekukhululeni ikhanda. Izimpande ze "Ruellia" zithinta ithoni. Kodwa, naphezu kokuthi imbali inezinto ezizuzisayo, futhi izingxenye eziyingozi ekubunjweni kwayo okwamanje azibonakalwanga, akudingekile ukuba uhlanganyele ekuziphatheni, okuvame ukuholela emiphumeleni emibi.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, "iRuellia" ayithintwa kakhulu yiziphi izinambuzane noma izifo.
Kodwa uma izimo zokuboshwa ziphulwa, i-aphid, isicabucabu noma i-whitefly ingahlala kuyo.
Uma uthola izibonakaliso zokuqala zezinambuzane, kufanele ugeze ngokushesha isitshalo ngesisombululo sendlu noma isobho elihlaza, bese uphatha ngokuphelele "Ruwell" nge-insecticide.
Uma kunesidingo, inqubo kumele iphindwe emva kwesonto.
Izifo zesitshalo, i-Fusarium iyingozi, lapho amaqabunga ephuzi khona, bese uphenduka umbala obomvu, futhi iziqu nezimpande zibola. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa izixazululo ze-fungicide.
Uma i- "Ruelle" ingaqhakazi, khona-ke idale izimo ezingafanele zokuboshwa. Ukushisa kwegumbi kungase kube phansi kakhulu noma umoya omile.
Kungabuye kube ngenxa yokuphuza okungavamile nokunamandla emhlabathini. Kubalulekile ukutadisha ngokucophelela imithetho yokunakekela lesi sitshalo bese ubabuyisela evamile.
Naphezu kokukhanga kwayo, "i-Ruellia" akuyona imbali enhle futhi enhle kakhulu edinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, okuphelele. Ngakho-ke, labo abangenaso isikhathi esiningi sokwenza izitshalo zasendlini, kanye nalabo abangenalo ulwazi olwanele nabo, bangacelwa ukuba baqale ukuqoqa imbali yabo.
