Ngubani ongaziwa lemon? Uyaziwa yiwo wonke umuntu, njengokungathi awukhuli ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba, kodwa ezindlini zezwe zensimu yonke.
Kulula ukuchaza uthando oluthandwayo - luqinile kakhulu ekhishini lethu ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuthola indawo yalo, futhi sinayo itiye ngelamula, ne-vodka yelamula, njalonjalo, ungadlulisela isikhathi eside.
Futhi wonke umuntu usuvele enezinhlobo zawo ezizithandayo, yibo esibakhetha phakathi kwabanye abaningi, abamelele kakhulu ezitolo zethu. Kungenzeka yini ukukhulisa i-lemon kusuka kwelitshe ekhaya?
Abamemezeli bezitshalo ezinhle baye bavela, bazikhukhumeza izihlahla zelamula ezikhungweni zabo, ngisho nezinhlobo zezitshalo ze-fruiting zikhule futhi zikhule ngempumelelo.
Imisebenzi yokulungiselela
Ungakhetha kanjani indawo efanele?
I-Lemon yisitshalo se-subtropical futhi ifulethini lesimo sezulu liphelele kuye, thola kusengaphambili indawo ekhanya kahle, kodwa ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile, kungenzeka ibhala okungathandeki.
Ukugcoba kungasetshenziswa ngenkathi isitshalo sincane, ebusika udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-drafts kanye ne-glass ingabonakali i-lemon, izimo ezingalungile zizoholela ekuwa kwemahlamvu.
Asikho isidingo sokuguqula lesi sitshalo ekukhanyeni, udinga kancane kancane, amamentimitha amaningana ngosuku lokutholwa, ukushintshanisa izitshalo ezungeze i-axis, ukukhanya kuzoshintsha kancane kancane, kancane kancane, lesi sitshalo sizokhula ngendlela efanayo kusukela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, ukuwa kweqabunga ngeke kwenzeke ngenxa yokushintsha okungazelelwe kokukhanyisa. Ngendlela efanayo uyenze nezihlahla ezinkulu nezihlahla kakade.
Yimuphi ummbizi ongakhetha kuwo?
Pottery. Ibhodlela le-ceramic lilungile kunoma yisiphi isitshalo; kuphefumula kahle futhi kuphefumula; kukhululekile isitshalo ukuhlala kuso. Ukukhethwa kweziqukathi ze-ceramic zezitshalo zasendlini kuyamangalisa, ungakhetha kuwo wonke ukunambitheka nengcebo.
Ipulasitiki. Izimbiza zasePulasitiki zikhanga ngokubaluleka kwazo, zinamandla kunezihlobo zazo ezivela ezintweni zemvelo, kodwa i-plastic ayivumeli umoya nomoya. Le ndawo engathandeki ihlawuliswa ukukhishwa okuqhubekayo kwenhlabathi kanye nedivayisi yemithombo ephezulu yezinga eliphezulu.
Isihlahla. Izihlahla ezinkulu zemononi zingakhula emiphongolweni yamapulangwe, ngakolunye uhlangothi - isisombululo sokuqala sokuklanywa, ngakolunye uhlangothi - ubungane bomvelo bezinto eziphathekayo akungabazeki.
Umhlaba
Izithelo ze-Citrus, ne-lemon kungokwalawa maqembu ezitshalo, zikhule kahle futhi zithele izithelo emhlabathini ovundile, ovundile, ngaphambi kokuqala kwe-fruiting, lapho kuhlwanyela noma ukutshala, ukuxuba okuvundile kwezitshalo zasendlini kusukela esitolo kulungile.
Uma udinga ukulungisa inhlabathi ngokwakho, thatha isanti elincane ne-humus nenhlabathi yensimu.
Kubalulekileukuze inhlabathi ilula, ingenalo okwedlulele ngokwebumba, ayinamanzi amaningi.
Mayelana nendlela yokupheka inhlanganisela yenhlabathi ephelele ye-lemon ekhaya, sachaza ngokuningiliziwe lapha.
Indlela yokukhula ekhaya?
Lapha sizozama ukuthola indlela yokutshala umuthi kalamula kusuka ekuhlungeni nasezinhlathini (imbewu) ekhaya, kungenzeka futhi yiziphi izindlela.
Ukusuka emathanjeni
Ukukhetha okuhlukahlukene
I-lemon ezenziwe ngokwenziwa kalula kulula ukukhula kusuka enzalweni kunokusika. Uma zisakazwa imbewu, lesi sitshalo sikhula ngokushesha, sibuhlungu kancane, singenakuzithoba, sishintsha kalula kalula ezimweni ezimbi. Ukuze ukhule umuthi ogcwele ekhaya, kubalulekile ukukhetha ezihlukahlukene ezifanele. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zifanelekile ukutshalwa ekhaya:
- Pavlovsky. Unesithelo esikhulu esilinganisa amagremu angu-500, ukunambitheka kumnandi, ukukhula komuthi kungaphezu kwamamitha amabili, amaqabunga omuthi akhipha iphunga elimnandi.
- Meier. Le hybrid isisindo esingama 150 amagremu, ukunambitheka kumnandi futhi kumuncu, kunikeza isivuno esicebile.
- IJaji. Lokhu kuyinhlobonhlobo enikeza isivuno esikhulu. Ihluke kwezinye izinhlobo ukuthi isikhumba sesithelo sinzima.
- Genoa Ukuhluka okungahlonipheki kunabo bonke, okunomusa omuhle, kunikeza isivuno ngokushesha-eminyakeni engama-4 kuya kwemihlanu yokuphila.
- Ukuzindla. Ingabe i-hybrid ye-grapefruit ene-lemon enambitheka kakhulu kunomunyu, lokhu kuhlukahluka kuhluke kwabanye ngoba kuqhuma njalo.
Khetha izithelo ezifanele kakhulu, ngokombono wakho, ngendlela ongathanda ukubona ngayo isivuno sakho, noma ngisho nangcono, uma kwenzeka, umbhangqwana onetha lokuphepha.
Ukulungiselela imbewu
Into ebaluleke kunazo zonke - awukwazi ukusebenzisa amathambo asetshenzisiwe isikhathi eside. Udinga ukuthatha amalamula omnandi, ngokuqinisekile, ususe ngokucophelela amathambo kubo, uwageze ngamanzi afudumele bese uwahlwanyela, futhi ukuze imbewu ihlume ngokushesha, ungakwazi ukususa ngobumnene ubuso obunzima bamathambo ngomunwe obukhali. Uma igobolondo ingasusiwe, kuzomele udonsa amatshe amahora ambalwa kusixazululo sokukhula okukhulayo. Asikwazi ukuvumela ukumezwa kwamathambo, kumele batshalwe ngamanzi.
Ukufundisa
Ukuze uhlume ilamula elivela etsheni (imbewu), kufanele itshalwe esitsheni esincane, sibe ngamasentimitha angama-3 ubude, ehlanganiswe ne-foil bese efakwa endaweni efudumele.
Uhlume izitshalo ezincane kuze kufike ku-15-20 amentimitha zingathuthuka ngamathangi okuhlwanyela, kodwa njengoba zikhula zidinga ukuba zithuthelwe ezimbizeni. Lapho lemon ifinyelela ngamamentimitha angu-30 ukuphakama, phezulu kumele kunqunywe ngamasentimitha angu-20, lokhu kusebenze ukukhula kwamahlumela asetshenziswe.
KUBALULEKILE! Buka ukubukeka kwawo kwifomu. Kudingeka ukwakha i-lemon ngaphambi kokushaywa kwemilayezo engu-5 no-6, ukumbumbana kungcono kakhulu okwenziwe entwasahlobo.
Emithethweni yokwenza umqhele welamula kanye nezimfihlo zokusika izihlahla ekhaya, funda lapha.
Izitshalo ezivela imbewu ziyahlukahlukana nempilo enomthelela, kodwa, njengezo zonke izitshalo ezitholakala emzalweni, ziza ngemuva kwesikhathi esilandelayo kunezo ezihlanganiswe ne-varietal bud on seedling.
Buka ividiyo ukuthi ungatshala kanjani ithambo lemon:
Kusuka ku-cuttings
Ukusika i-lemon ekhaya kuyindlela yokukhiqiza, lapho izimfanelo zesitshalo somama zikopishwa khona, futhi uzokwazi ukuthi yiziphi izithelo ezizovela esitshalweni sakho.
Esibambeni kufanele kube namaqabunga ambalwa futhi ama-2 noma ama-3 efihlekile ezinhlangothini zombili, ubude bokusika buba ngamasentimitha ayi-10.
Udinga ukusika ufake ingxube ye-heteroauxin noma i-cornevita, lezi ziyizimpande zokukhula kwezimpande, bese kuthi esikhathini esichazwe emiyalweni yokulungiselela, ufake embizeni enhlabathini.
Ungakhohlwa ukuhlela amanzi embizeni ebhodini, kuhle ngoba lokhu kuyizingxenye zezimbiza ze-ceramic, izitini eziphukile, ezibomvu.
Thela i-shank, ukumboza nge-jar jarfuthi ushiye u-rooting. Ibhange lizoqeda ukuhwamuka ngokweqile, amafilimu, izikhwama azizinzile, ungase ungaboni ukulahlekelwa komswakama nokumelela emhlabathini.
Ukuvuthwa komzimba kunqunywa ukubonakala kokukhula. Ukusika nakho kuyindlela enhle yokukhulisa lemon ekhaya.
Ukunakekela
Abalimi bezitshalo baqaphela ukuthi lemon yisitshalo esingenasisekelo. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo kuxhomeke kakhulu ekubunjweni kwenhlabathi. Cishe kunconywa ukulandelwa kokulandelayo: 1 ingxenye yesihlabathi, ingxenye eyodwa yomquba, izingxenye ezingu-3 zomhlaba ohlaza kanye nezingxenye ezimbili ze-loam. Ibhodlela liyadingeka ukukhetha ubumba obhakabhaka.
Ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nokunakekelwa kwemonimu yangaphakathi lungatholakala kumatheksthi ethu.
Ukunisela
Ukuhle kakhulu akulungile, kungashiwo ngomswakama owedlulele, isitshalo esivame ukuchichima siyofa ngenxa yokubola kwesistimu. Ukuphuza ilamula kunesidingo njengoba inhlabathi iyoma.kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhohlwa ukukhishwa okwesikhashana, okungeyona ize ngokuthi ukuchelela okunomile - ukukhuphuka komswakama emva kokukhipha kuyanciphisa kakhulu.
Izitshalo ezishisayo thanda ukupunga, umswakama womoya phakathi nenkathi yokushisa kulula ukulawula ngosizo lwesitsha nangamanzi. Ukugcoba, kugcina i-microclimate yekamelo.
HLAWULA! Ukuphuza nokudla ebusika akufanele kube ngokweqile, isitshalo siphumule.
Amathiphu amaningi ekunakekeleni ilamula eyenziwe ebusika angatholakala esithombeni esihlukile, futhi lapha sikhuluma ngezici zokunakekelwa komuthi ekwindla.
Ukukhanyisa
Ummbila onesitshalo kufanele ubekwe ukuze imisebe yelanga iwele kuwo ngaphansi kwamahora amathathu ngosuku.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Inketho ekahle yokudla i-lemon yindlela yokuguqula izinhlobo zemvelo nezimbiwa zamaminerali. Ebusika, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa inani lomanyolo, izinga lokushisa elincane linomthelela omubi ekuthatheni.
Kubalulekile: Ungamanzi inhlabathi eyomile ngokugqoka okuphezulu; i-lemon izoshisa uhlelo lwempande.
Mayelana nokuthi ungayidla kanjani futhi kanjani ukondla i-lemon yangaphakathi ekhaya, funda lapha.
Ukukhula
Njengoba ukhula njalo entwasahlobo udinga ukutshala lemon Emkhathini wamapentimitha amahlanu ngaphezu kwalokho, awudingi ukutshala ebhodweni lokukhula.
Asikho isidingo sokutshala i-lemon esekhulile, njalo entwasahlobo ingqimba enkulu yenhlabathi ethandeni lapho umuthi wakho uhlala khona uthathe indawo yensimu ye-humus noma evundile ngokufaka ama-humus, futhi lokhu kwanele kuye.
Futhi ithuthukiswe futhi isetshenziswe kabanzi. Umanyolo obunzima uZdraven ngokuba izithelo ze-citrus, iqukethe yonke into eyinkimbinkimbi ye-macro kanye ne-microelements edingekayo ekukhuleni nasekuhlungeni izitshalo.
I-lemon ekhulile ingafakwa engadini yehlobo, indawo kufanele ivikelwe emimoyeni kanye nezinye izinkinga, ukuguqulwa okungazelelwe ekukhanyeni kungaba nzima, qaphela.
Manje uyazi ukuthi ungakhula kanjani ilamula ekhaya, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungayenza kanjani kahle. Manje ake sibheke izifo ezinkulu nezinambuzane zelamula ukuze sivikele isivuno sethu.
Ividiyo ewusizo endleleni yokutshala izithombo zibe izimbiza ezihlukene:
Izinambuzane nezifo
I-aphid yakho, i-scythe, i-bug, noma isicabucabu se-spider ingaba nesithakazelo ku-lemon yakho;
Izilonda ezivela emagqumeni zidinga ukuhlanzwa nokuphathwa nge-copper sulfate, isikhunta, nomaphi lapho zihlala khona, udinga ukususa ngendwangu ebomvu.
Kwenzeka ukuthi amaqabunga e-lemon yangaphakathi awa, i-curl noma ushintshe umbala. Izizathu zalesi simo, kanye nezindlela zokulwa nalo, sitshele esihlokweni esihlukile.
Ingabe kuyoba khona izithelo?
Uma uhlanza ikamelo lemon nge imbewu, uzoqala ukuthela izithelo iminyaka 7-9, uma cuttings - iminyaka 3-4, ngokusika - emva kweminyaka 1-2.
Ukusheshisa i-fruiting, izindlela ezilandelayo zikhona:
- Ukukhahlela. Yinqume umsila bese unamathisela isiqu esivela emthini wezithelo, ukugoqa nge-tape, ukumboza nge-plastiki ukugoqa phezulu, njengoba uzobe uhlanganiswa - ususe ifilimu.
- Budding.Ukuzabalaza uphethiloli kuze kube ngu-10 cm bese utshala isithelo esithwala izithelo kuso. Zombili izindlela zithuthukisa ngokushesha i-fruiting. Lesi sitshalo singase singaqhakazi uma ukusika kukhethwe esihlahleni esingakaze sithwale izithelo.
Izithelo ze-Lemon zinombili okuzuzisa nokuphulukisa, nezakhiwo eziyingozi. Funda ngabo esihlokweni sethu.
Ngaphandle kokugubha kwesimo sokushisa, ukukhanya okwanele, ukusika okungavamile nokunqotshwa yizifo, isitshalo ngeke sithele izithelo.
Ungenza ukuqhakaza kwemononi usebenzisa i-cross-pollination ngesikhathi sokubhakabhaka ngaphakathi kwezihlukahlukene ezihlukahlukene.
Isiphetho
Ukunaka kakhulu umbuzo wokuthi ungakhula kanjani isihlahla lemon ekhaya ukusuka enzalweni, sikhohlwa ukuthi lesi sitshalo esihle kakhulu sineziqabunga eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka sigcwele igumbi lapho likhula khona ngephunga elimnandi lemon. Amafutha abalulekile e-Lemon angama-phytoncide, ahlambulula umoya kusuka kubhaktheriya, futhi i-aromatherapists ikubheka njengomthombo wokujabula nokuzizwa okuhle.
Ngakho-ke, ukutshala lemon ebhodweni kungabi nje ngenxa yezithelo, kodwa futhi njengendlela umhlobiso omuhle we ingaphakathi lakho, into esemqoka ukulandela imithetho ukunakekelwa lemon.
