Ukushisa - indawo efanele kakhulu yepelepele ekhulayo. Kungenxa yakhe ukuthi kungenzeka ukudala izimo ezihle zokuthola isivuno esicebile.
Ake sibuke yonke imibala ye-pepper: ukutshala nokunakekelwa ku-greenhouse, amaqhinga okukhula nokuthola isivuno esihle kakhulu.
Yini ongatshala?
Ukukhethwa kweBanga kungenye ye kubalulekile izimo zokulima isiko ezimweni zokushisa. Akuzona zonke izinhlobo ezifanelekile emhlabathini ovaliwe. Ngokuyinhloko ikhulile ngempumelelo ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ama-hybrid, njengoba ziphikisa kakhulu izifo, zizenzele impova futhi zingathobeki. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, banezithelo eziphezulu.
Izinhlobonhlobo eziqinisekisiwe ze-Alesya, Kubik, i-Golden, iTroika, i-Othello, i-Victoria, i-Tenderness. Ngesikhathi eside isikhathi sepilisi esisha kungcono ukutshala izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuvuthwa kwezinsuku.
Esizeni sethu ungafunda ngezinye izinhlobo zepelepele: i-Chile, i-Cayenne, i-peas-peas, i-peas-peas emhlophe, i-Jalapeno, i-Atlas, i-Habanero.
Imithetho yokulungiselela izithombo
Ngesikhathi sokutshala i-pepper for the greenhouse? Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa maphakathi noFebruwari - ekuqaleni kukaMashi. Lesi sitshalo sinenkathi ende ekhulayo phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo, ngakho baqala ukuhlwanyela kakhulu kuneminye imifino.
Imidwebo noma izinkomishi zilungele ukuhlwanyela. Ukufika okukodwa kweziqukathi ezihlukile kungcono, ngoba uhlelo lwempande lubuthakathaka futhi alubekezeli ukufakelwa. Uma uhlwanyela ebhokisini elivamile, emva kokubunjwa kwamaqabunga amabili, udinga ukukhiqiza ukukhetha.
Imbewu ayinqunyelwe i-disinfected kwisisombululo se-one-degree one-one%. i-potassium permanganate Imizuzu engama-30, bese ehlanganiswe ngendwangu yokukhanda. Emva kwezinsuku ezingu-4-5, imbewu ifakwa enhlanganeni yesihlabathi, umhlaba kanye nama-humus. Iziqukathi zimbozwe nge-foil bese zifakwa ekushiseni.
Uma i-greenhouse ishisa, izithombo zingahlwanyelwa ngqo kuwo. Isimanje esakhiwe kahle amabhlogo ama-microwaveskusanda kuvela ekuthengisweni. Izimpande kulezi zimo ziyigobolondo ngayinye, enezindawo ezikhethekile zokuzihlukanisa nemiphumela yendawo yangaphandle.
Kuzoqaphela izindlela eziningi zendabuko peat izimbiza. Uma ushintshelwe emhlabathini, lesi sitshalo asisusiwe kuso, okusho ukuthi izimpande azilimazi. Kukhona nendlela yokukhula emasakeni epulasitiki agcwele umhlaba.
Esigabeni samaqabunga amabili, izithombo zondliwa ngamaminerali omquba. Ukudla kwesibili kwenziwa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-20.
Uma kuhluma kufinyelela ku-15 cm, bawaqeda ama-buds aphezulu. Ngemva kwalokho, isihlahla siqala ukugaya ngenxa yokwakheka kwamahlumela.
Isimo esidingekayo sokuba izithombo ezikhulayo yiyona ukuqina. Emoyeni efudumele, udinga ukuyithwala ngaphandle bese uyigcina emthunzini, ivaliwe kusuka emaphethini.
Uma ukhulile endaweni yokushisa, udinga njalo ukushayela phakathi nosuku.
Ukutshala izithombo
I-Pepper idinga ngokudla okunomsoco kanye ne-substrate laxity. Bawulungiselela inhlabathi kusengaphambili, bawube, bangeze ama-humus noma umquba, i-potassium phosphate umanyolo.
KUBALULEKILE. Amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha, yibeke ngqo ku-greenhouse ukuze ulungiselele.
Isikhathi sokutshala sincike ekushiseni kwemoya kanye nezinga lokulungela izitshalo. Izithombo kufanele zibe okungenani ezinsukwini ezingama-60 ubudala, ukuphakama kwezihlahla kufanele kube ngu-25 cm. Izithombo ezinempilo, ezilungiselelwe ziqukethe amaqabunga amancane, amaqabunga amakhulu, amhlophe anemibala. Ukushisa kwomoya endaweni yokushisa kufanele kube okungenani ama-degrees angu-16 ebusuku.
Ubukhulu bokutshala buxhomeke ebangeni. Ukusakazeka, ukutshala okude kakhulu ku-35-40 cm komunye nomunye, futhi kufushane, ukuhlanganiswa - ku-20-30 cm. Kuzo zonke izihlahla zilungiselela umgodi wokujula okunjalo ukuthi kufanelana ngokuphelele uhlelo lwempande.
Okungenani amalitha amabili amanzi athululelwa emthonjeni ngamunye, bese kuthiwa kuhlathini, ngaphandle kokujula ngaphezu kwezinga lapho likhulile khona ngaphambili. Izwe elizungezile lichotshozwe kancane, liphuziswa futhi lihlanganiswe ne-humus noma i-peat ukuze lingabhidli.
Ukunakekela
I-Pepper iyisiko le-thermophilic, ngakho qiniseka ukuthi akukho ukuguquka kokushisa ngesikhathi sokulima. Okuhle kungu-23-250. Uma izinga lokushisa lishisa kakhulu, lesi sitshalo singase siqale ukuphonsa izimbali.
Enye isimo sinisela kahle. Indlela yokuphuza i-pepper esitheni sokushisa? Uma umswakama akwanele, izitshalo zizoqala ukushisa, izindawo eziphuzi zizovela emaqabunga. Kodwa ungapheli amandla inhlabathi, kungenjalo i-fungus izoqala ukuthuthukisa.
Ukuphuza i-pepper kumele kube yimpande yamanzi afudumele. Lapho kushisa ukushisa okuhlanjululwayo ukuze kugcinwe umswakama, okugcinwa ngaphakathi kwama-60%.
Ama-shrub adinga ukuchofoza njalo, okungukuthi, ukususa amahlumela angaphezulu. Lesi sitshalo sishiya isiqu esiphezulu kunazo zonke, ezinye ziyakunqunywa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke amahlumela angenawo izimbali kanye namahlamvu angaphezu kwalokho athwalwa njalo.
Izinhlobo ezide kufanele ziboshwe ngezikhonkwane noma trellis.
Susa kahle ukhula. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, i-pepper izovuleka futhi isivuno siyancipha.
I-TIP. Usiza ukulwa nokhula mulching. Umhlabathi awukhuli ku-mulch.
I-Pepper idinga ukudla masonto onke. Ukwakhiwa kwamanyolo kuncike eminyakeni yobudala. Ekuqaleni kokutshala i-nitrogen supplement. Okuqukethwe kwe-nitrojeni ekugqokeni ukugcoba kunciphise ngokubunjwa kwefihlekile nezithelo. Ngalesi sikhathi, isiko sidinga i-phosphorus ne-potassium.
Izinkinga ezikhulayo
Isinyathelo esibalulekile ekukhuleni pepper endaweni yokushisa yiyona ukuvikela kusuka izinambuzane nezifo.
Izifo ezihlobene nokuphula imithetho yokunakekelwa. Ngokuvamile isiko sithinta:
- Umlenze omnyama. I-fungus igweba impande futhi ibuye lapho inhlabathi iphelile-ixubene ngokuhambisana nokushisa okuphansi. Le fungus isakazeka ngesivinini esiphezulu, ifinyelela yonke inhlabathi. Balwa nalo ngaphambi kokushisa ukubola ngaphambi kokutshala endaweni yokushisa. Uma ngesinye isitshalo ubona izibonakaliso zayo, kufanele ususe masinyane lesi shrub onegciwane bese uphatha konke okunye. fungicide. Kudingeka futhi ukukhawulela ukuchelela.
- Ukuphawula kwamagciwane. Ithinta isitshalo namaqabunga, kunamabala amaningi. Izithelo zitheleleka ngesikhathi se-fruiting, izindawo zamanzi zibonakala kuzo, futhi zilahlekelwa isethulo nesinambitha.
- Ukuphazamisa okwesikhashana. Iholele ekuvuneni izithelo. Ikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa umswakama owedlulele. Isifo singenzeka ngenxa yokutheleleka kwembewu, ngakho-ke kudingeka ukuthi iphathwe kahle ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela.
- Stolbur. Isifo sensimbi siyizinambuzane. Izitshalo ziqala ukuphuzi futhi zomile. Uma izimpawu zenzeka, sebenzisa izidakamizwa. I-Farmod, Actellic, I-Phytoplasmin. Susa ukhula ngesikhathi.
- Cladosporiosis. Amaqabunga afakwe amabala okukhanya, ama-ovari awela. Ukufafaza lesi sifo i-sulphate yethusi.
I-TIP. Noma yikuphi ukutheleleka kulula ukuvimbela kunokwelapha. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi usichitha ukukhipha amagciwane endaweni yokushisa nokushisa imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala. Ngokushesha ususe izitshalo ngezibonakaliso zezifo.
Ngaphezu kwezifo, pepper ngokuvamile uvame izinambuzane:
- Okuvamile kakhulu i-aphid. Ihlanganisa amaqabunga ngezinsalela ezinamathele futhi zibangele ukuba ziphephe. Ungakwazi ukulwa nezinambuzane ngokupunga ukumnika ama-anyanisi futhi i-garlic.
- Slugs. Inhlabathi ehlanzayo iyasiza ukulwa nabo pepper obomvu, lime.
- Ukubonakala emaqabungeni omhlophe we-plaque omhlophe kubonisa ukutheleleka isicabucabu. Bhubhise I-Carbofos, Aktellik, Fufanon.
Ezinye izimfihlo
Kukhona ezinye izicabha zokulima kwalesi sitshalo, okusiza ukwandisa isivuno.
Ukuqoqa izithelo ezakhiwe ngesikhathi. Uma umuntu evuthiwe, asuse ukuze abanye baqale ukuvuthwa.
Khipha njalo amagatsha omile angenasithelo. Ngesikhathi besesibhakabhakeni, lesi sihlahla siphoqeleka ukuba sisebenzise amandla.
Phatha lezi zitshalo nge-ovary ukuze ukhuthaze izakhi zezithelo.
Ukuvuna
Izithelo ezivuthiwe kufanele zisuswe ezihlahleni ngesikhathi esifanele, ngokushesha nje lapho zithole umbala wombala wezinhlobonhlobo ezithile. Ungabashiyi emahlathini, ukuze agcinwe lapho. Lokhu kuyanciphisa ngokuphawulekayo ukuvuthwa kokunye.
Ukuze ungalimazi amahlumela, izithelo ziyakunqunywa ngokucophelela ngekhisi noma ummese obukhali. Amakhophi angcono kakhulu kufanele ashiywe imbewu.
KUBALULEKILE. Akudingekile ukuqoqa imbewu kusuka kumbhikishi, ngoba izinto ezitholakala kuzo ngeke zilondoloze izakhiwo zomkhiqizo womama, futhi esikhathini esizayo uzothola into ehluke kakhulu kulokho okulindelekile, noma ngeke ulindele ukuvunwa nhlobo.
Ikhophi yezinhlobonhlobo eziyizintandokazi zikhethwa kusuka kwesithathu kwesithathu ngezansi. Isithelo esasetshenziselwa ukusakaza sishiywe esihlahleni, kanti ama-ovari asele asusiwe. Isihlahla kufanele sisebenzise yonke impi kulowo mkhiqizo ofuna ukuqoqa imbewu.
Izithelo ezivuthiwe ngokuphelele zisusiwe futhi zifakwa esikhwameni sokuzikhandla kuze kube yilapho omile. Qiniseka ukuthi isikhwama soma ngokuphelele. Izithelo ezomisiwe ziyakunqunywa, imbewu isuswa kuso, yomiswa ngesinye isonto bese efakwa esikhwameni sephepha esomile.
Kuphakheji bhala igama lezinhlobonhlobo nesikhathi sokuvuna imbewu. Izinto zokuhluma zizogcina iminyaka emithathu.
Izimfihlo zokuvuna zakuqala
Ngokwesilinganiso, izinga lokushisa elikhulu ekushiseni okubamba ukushisa kwepelepele kufinyelelwa phakathi no-May. Kodwa kukhona indlela yokusheshisa ukufudumala ngokwenza umbhede oshisayo. Ngalokhu, ungqimba lomhlabathi ophezulu ka-50 cm ususiwe emibhedeni.
Ngaphansi komgodla ubeka umchamo womquba ohlanganiswe utshani oqoshiwe. Izwe libekiwe kulo, nakho konke okukwenzile ensimini. Uzoba nesigodi ukuze uchithe ngamanzi ashisayo. Lokhu "sandwich"Ushisa umhlaba futhi uqala ukushisa umoya."
I-pepper ingahlwanyelwa engadini enjalo ngo-Ephreli, ngenkathi ihlwanyela inyanga yonke ngaphambi kokujwayelekile, maphakathi noJanuwari. Futhi ekupheleni kukaMeyi uzothola izithelo zokuqala.
Uma iqhwa liqala ngokuzumayo, umbhede ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kokubamba ukushisa kuhlanganiswe ne-arc eyengeziwe yokushisa. Ngaphansi kwesiphephelo esinjalo kabili, i-pepper ngeke iqhwa futhi izoqhubeka ikhula.
Ukukhethwa ekhaya
Ukuzihlaziya pepper - ububanzi obuningi bomlimi wensimu. Ungaba umzalisi wangempela, futhi uthole izinhlobo zakho ngokuhamba ngezinhlobo oyithandayo. Thatha ibhulashi elithambile, uqoqe impova kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa bese uyifaka ezimbali zomunye. Londoloza isithelo esilandelayo, uqoqe imbewu kubo.
Ukucabangela zonke izinhlobo ze-nuances nokuhambisana nemithetho ye-pepper ekhulayo ku-abamba ukushisa kuyisiqiniseko sokukhiqiza okuphezulu okungavamile kwalesi sitshalo esingenakuqhathaniswa.
