I-Privet: uthango ensimini kanye nomuthi we-bonsai endlini.
I-Privet - i-deciduous noma i-shrub esivamile, isihlobo esiseduze se-lilac, esetshenziselwa ukutshala okulodwa kanye neqembu.
It isetshenziswa njengendlela uthango. Isetshenziswa ezindlini ze-floriculture zasendlini ukudala isihlahla ngesitayela se-bonsai.
Ukutshala, ukunakekelwa nokukhiqizwa kwe-privet, ucingo oluvela kuyo, izithombe - konke lokhu futhi akukhona nje kuphela okuzokuthola kulesi sihloko.
Incazelo kanye nezici
I-Privet noma i-Ligustrum - ebanzi, i-branched shrub yomndeni womnqumo.
Lesi sitshalo side, ngaphandle kokusika izihlahla emhlabathini ovulekile sifinyelela ekuphakameni kwamamitha amahlanu.
Amahlamvu anesikhumba, i-oblong, i-lanceolate, eluhlaza, kwezinye izinhlobo ze-tint yellow noma golden. Uhlangothi olungenhla luluhlaza, emuva kulula.
Ngamafomu afanele okufakela amafomu amafense amazinyo. Ukutshala i-hedgerow esetshenziselwa ukuklama komhlaba.
Esimweni sasekhaya sitshalwe ngendlela ye-bonsai. Ngaphambi kwezimo zokuqukethwe okupholile kusuka kuwo kuphenduka umuthi omangalisayo kwisitayela esidumile.
Ihlukana nezimbali ezide (NgoJuni-Agasti). I-inflorescence racemes noma i-paniculata, emhlophe, enephunga elimnandi. Izithelo zi-blue-black, spherical, ezakhiwe ngoSepthemba.
UKUKHONA! Izithelo ze-privet (izimbobo) zinobuthi!
Izici ukunakekela ekhaya nasensimini
Ligustum - ukuzithoba. Ingafakwa noma kuphi ensimini. Ihlisa umthunzi wesithunzi nesincenye. Kodwa ukukhula okukhuthele kakhulu nokuhlanganiswa kwenzeka uma kufakwa elangeni, lapho kukhula khona kahle futhi kuningi.
Izinhlobo ze-Evergreen zifanelekile ukulungiswa kwangaphakathi. Kuhle wenza izinhlobo ezihlukile.
Ukuze uqaphele isithombe sodonga oluvela ku-privet:
Engadini
Lezi zimo ezilandelayo ziyadingeka uma utshalwa i-privet futhi uyinakekela engadini:
- indawo yokufika - Umthunzi welanga noma oyingxenye;
- inhlabathi nokutshala: imigomo - September-Okthoba. Umgodi ulungiselelwe ungqimba lwamanzi ka-20 cm. Ingqimba yesibili ngumhlabathi ngokungeziwe kwe-nitroammofoski (130g / m2). Inhlabathi kufanele ibe ne-acidity ephansi; ufulawa wamalitha noma i-dolomite ufakwa kuso;
KUBALULEKILE! Izithombo kufanele zithole izimpande zibe yiqhwa, ngakho awukwazi ukulibaziseka ngesikhathi!
- ukunakekela: ngokushesha nje lapho iqhwa licibilika, inhlabathi kufanele ihlungwe futhi ihlanganiswe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukwenziwa kokuhlanganiswa kwezingxube zamaminerali;
- ukuchelela: ezingavamile - izikhathi ezingu-5-6 ngezikhathi ezithile, kodwa zigcwele u-40 l / m2;
- Umanyolo: ngemuva kokupheka kwentwasahlobo ehlobo basebenzisa into ephilayo. Hlanganisa nokuchelela. I-Potassium yengezwa kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu (15g / m2);
- ukunciphisa: ebanjwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Wonke amagatsha omisiwe, abuthakathaka asuswa, ifomu elihle linikezwa. Ngokuba ubungani bomqhele basebenza ngokuchofoza amahlumela aphezulu;
Ekhaya
Le shrub ine-stem eguquguqukayo, futhi inganikwa kalula isimo esifanele. Ngokuphathelene nalokhu, izihlahla zesitayela se-bonsai ezenziwe kusukela ku-privet zathola ukuthandwa ekuhloleni kwe-floriculture:
- indawo ekhulayo: umoya omuhle, igumbi elipholile. Ehlobo ungagcina ebhaleni. Ukufinyelela okukhanya kuyadingeka, kodwa hhayi ilanga eliqondile. Kungagcinwa efasiteleni elisenyakatho, njengoba lesi sitshalo sibekezelela kalula shading elula. Ekushiseni kungalahlekelwa amaqabunga, ngakho-ke udinga ukuhlinzeka ngokupholile;
- izidingo zomhlabathi: ukuxuba okulungiselelwe jikelele okulungile. Umuthi omdala awubekezelelisi ukufakelwa kwezitshalo, ngakho-ke, usebenzisa indlela yokufaka esikhundleni se-substrate njalo eminyakeni emibili;
- ukushisa okukhulayo: umoya kufanele ube opholile - i-privet ayihambisani nokushisa okuphezulu. Kodwa ama-drafts kanye nomoya obandayo kusuka emagumbini aphikisana naye;
- ukuchelela: ejwayelekile, efanelwe, amanzi amathinta ahlanzekile;
- ukugqoka okuphezulu: njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili ngesikhathi sokukhula. Ukusetshenziswa komanyolo okhethekile we-bonsai. Ebusika - kanye ngenyanga;
- ukwakheka: uqala esencane kakhulu. Okuthandwa kakhulu yizitayela ezifana namabala. Inqubo yenziwa ngokusebenzisa ucingo, ukugcina amagatsha endaweni efunayo. Intsha ishaya amamitha angu-20 ubude ubude;
- ukuhlanza umqhele nesiqu: susa njalo amaqabunga omisiwe awile. I-Moss ekhula esihlahleni ihlanzwa ngebhashishi izikhathi ezimbili ngonyaka.
Ukufakelwa
Izinhlobo zasendlini izingxube ezifanele ze-turf nama-humus.
Ama-specimens amancane adluliselwa njalo ngonyaka, abantu abadala abadingi ukufakelwa kwezitshalo njalo, kwanele ukwenza lokhu njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemibili.
Kungenzeka futhi ukushintshwa okuyingxenye yengubo engenhla. Lesi sitshalo sisuswa ezidongeni zakudala futhi sanyiswa ebhodweni isigamu sehora ukuhlanza izimpande.
Ahlulwa ngokucophelela, amathiphu aphansi aphansi aqoshiwe. I-tank entsha yokudonsa igcwaliswa, ke isendlalelo encane yomhlaba.
Bese usetha isitshalo, ngokulinganayo usakaze izimpande. Ukuhlobisa izitsha zithathwa flat and wide. Ukuze isitshalo sigcinwe kahle futhi singapheli amandla, izimpande zilungiswe ngosizo lwetambo.
Ufakwe emigodini engaphansi kwebhodini bese ugoqotshwe ezimpandeni. Isihlahla sishintsha kancane phakathi nendawo. I-fat ram, engashiyi i-voids.
KUBALULEKILE! Izimpande zidinga ukulala masinyane, ngoba i-ligustrum ayithandi ukuba ibe nenhlabathi.
Ukufika okuphezulu okuhlanganiswe nobumba. Igcina umswakama futhi isebenza njengesibonakaliso sokunisela. Isihlahla kufanele sikhanyiswe ngokushesha nje uma ubumba lobumba lukhanya. Isihlahla esitshaliwe sibeke emgodini bese sichitha amanzi amaningi, evunyelwe ukukhipha.
Ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kubumba. Amaqabunga angadingekile asuswa, futhi amagatsha ngendlela efanele ayathunyelwa esebenzisa ucingo.
Ukuzala
Imbewu
Imbewu ikhishwa izithelo ezivuthiwe ngo-Okthoba. Zigxiliwe ukuze zisuse u-pulp bese zihlukanisa izinto ezingenalutho.
Float - phonsa ngaphandle, futhi lezo zihlala phansi zigcinwe emhlabathini oshisayo emazingeni okushisa eduze kwezinga.
Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa entwasahlobo emabhokisini noma emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukukhanya, kuvundile ingxube equkethe izingxenye ezilinganayo ze-peat, isihlabathi kanye ne-humus.
Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kuthululwa ebhokisini, ubuso bunqunywe ngamanzi, imbewu i-pre-soaked, futhi ifafazwe ngendwangu yesentimenti yesihlabathi.
UKUKHONA! Yonke imbewu kufanele ihlanganiswe nesihlabathi, ikakhulukazi ukuze ingabonakali lapho ithela.
Izitshalo zivuthiwe njalo. Ungawaphuzi ngejet enkulu, ukuze ungadli inhlabathi. Izithombo zithathwa esigabeni samaqabunga 3-4 eqiniso. Isiqalo esigcwele sembewu siba iminyaka emibili kamuva.
Cuttings
Indlela esheshayo thola amakhophi aphelele. Iphethwe ngoJulayi. I-Cuttings inqunywe ekupheleni kwezimbali. Ama-cuttings we-winter lignified aphuma kahle. Sika kahle amahlumela amakhulu, amasha, amakhulu.
Ukufaneleka kokunquma imfucumfucu kuhlolwe ekuqhekekeni - kufanele kuvezwe isici sokuqhakaziza sokhuni. Amakholomu ane ubude obuyi-11-12 amentimitha no-1 ububanzi ububanzi atshalwe esitsheni esihlanziwe ethulwe ungqimba lwamamitha angu-5 engxenyeni eyinhloko - ingxube ye-turf inhlabathi nesihlabathi.
Ukusika nge-cut nge angle elimangalisayo, kujuliswe ngo-5-6 cm. Izitsha igcwele ingilazi futhi igcinwe cishe cishe 250 kanye nomswakama ophezulu. Emva kwamasonto amabili, izimpande zokuqala zivela, zikhule ngokugcwele emva kwezinyanga ezingu-3.
Ukubeka (ukukhuphuka)
Indlela yokuthola amakhophi aphelele ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu. Amahlumela noma izendlalelo zakhiwa kakhulu. Kufanele zisuswe ngesikhathi sokugcina izimila zokuhlobisa.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lapho ukumba ngokucophelela, izithombo ezinezimpande ezibekiwe kakade zingatholakala. Ama-specimens atholakala ngale ndlela atshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo futhi ekhulile ngokuvumelana nezincomo ezijwayelekile.
Izifo
Ligustum ukumelana nezifo kodwa ngezinye izikhathi amabala ombala obomvu noma obuluhlaza abonakala emaqabunga.
Lokhu kuvela ku-asidi eyanda emhlabathini. Ukusiza ukuxazulula inkinga yokukhawulela ekwindla.
Esikhathini sezulu esifudumele angathola isikhutha se-powdery (ukuqhakaza okumhlophe) noma ukuchithwa kwamaqabunga (ukucaciswa kwezindawo).
Ukuzivimbela, ukwelashwa ngamalungiselelo enethusi (i-Xom, i-Oxy) ne-fungicides yenziwa. Zisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela nokuphatha amaqabunga ama-curl.
Le fungus ibonakala ngendlela yokuqina, ukubomvu nokwehla kwamaqabunga. Kumele zisuswe emhlathini bese zishiswa, futhi lesi sitshalo sihlanjululwe nge-fungicide.
Izilwane ezingaphandle zingagula ukubonakala kwe-mosaic. Isilonda sibonakala ngendlela yombala ongalingani. Isifo se-carrier sisebenza njenge-aphid, ngakho-ke into yokuqala okudingayo ukuvikela isitshalo kule nkathazo. Ukuvimbela lesi sifo kungondla njalo ukwelashwa nge-fungicides.
Izinambuzane
Kulezi zinambuzane privet zifaka:
- imbungu: kuthinta amahlumela amancane namaqabunga;
- isikhumba sesicabucabu: ihlala ngaphansi kweqabunga lamaqabunga, liphindaphinda ngokushesha. Ama-gnaws ashiya ama-juice;
- i-aphid: ihlanganisa amahlumela namaqabunga aqala ukubola nokuwa. Emisindeni yayo enamathele, i-fungus ekutheleleni isitshalo ibuye ibe khona;
- thrips: ivela ekushiseni okuphezulu futhi umswakama ophansi. Ihlala ngaphansi kweqabunga lamaqabunga, futhi phezulu kuvela njengamaqabunga amhlophe;
- isihlangu: ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwayo, amaqabunga ahlanganiswa nezindawo ezimnyama, abune futhi awele, njengoba inambuzane idla amaju;
- i-weevils: imemezela izinhlobo zasendlini. Shiya emaphethelweni amaqabunga. Kwabhujiswa ama-insecticide.
Indlela yokulwa nesihlangu ukusetshenziswa kuka-Aktellik noma iKarbofos. Izinambuzane ezisele zibhujiswa nguDisis, Fitoverm noma i-Inta-Vyr.
Izinzuzo
I-Privet inenani lezinhlobo zokwelapha:
- bark - iqukethe ama-phenols, ama-tannins. Isetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sohudo, i-pneumonia, i-bronchitis;
- amaqabunga - aqukethe ama-alkaloids, ushukela, i-vitamin C, i-flavonoids, i-tanins. I-decoction isetshenziselwa njengengxenye yemixube yokwelashwa kwe-angina, pharyngitis, stomatitis, izifo zesifazane;
- izimbali - Anamafutha amaningi abalulekile. I-decoction yayo isetshenziswa ngaphandle nge-laryngitis ne-stomatitis.
Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa kokwelashwa, inezinombolo eziningi ezivumela ukuthi zisetshenziselwe izinhloso ezilandelayo:
- izithelo, amagxolo, amaqabunga - Indwangu yombala, izindwangu, izinhlayiya ngamathoni ahlukahlukene;
- izinkuni - kufanelekile ukwenza umkhiqizo wemikhiqizo namapensela.
UKUKHONA! Umuthi osemthethweni awuboni izindawo zokuphulukisa zesitshalo. Qaphela ngokucophelela uma uthatha ama-infusions kanye nama-decoctions.
I-Privet for hedge
Futhi sebenzisa i-privet for hedges, engaba yimilo ehlukahlukene.
Ngokungafani nezingadi zaseYurophu lapho likhule khona libe ngamamitha amabili, eRussia ukuphakama okunjalo kuzobangela ukulimala kwesithwathwa kumqhele.
Ngakho-ke ukuphakama kwemkhawulo ubude be-50-70 cm. Lona ubukhulu obukhulu bengubo yeqhwa ebusika ebusika.
Ukwakha uthango, kuhlwanyelwe utshani endaweni engama-60-70 cm. Uma utshalwa uthango, okungenani imitha ibuyele emakhiweni ahleliwe, ukusika okungekho emthethweni.
Ukukhetha indawo sebenzisa ukumba amafosholo angama-half bayonet 60 cm ububanzi. Umgodi ugcwala amanzi futhi ugcwele umquba. Izitshalo zitshalwe futhi ziphuzwa njalo emavikini amabili okuqala. Khona-ke imvamisa yancipha. Ukukhanda izinwele kuqhutshwa ngosizo lwensimu yamasheya, i-pruner.
Izinhlobo ze-curbs
IJomethri. Izihlahla zigawulwa ngesimo se-trapezoid ngokunciphisa phezulu. Ngalesi sihlahla, phansi komqhele kukhanya ngokukhanyako. Ukunciphisa akufanele kube bukhali, ukuze ungaboni iso.
Ukwakhiwa kwesimo esifisa ukuqhutshwa kancane kancane, njengoba i-shrub ikhula. Okokuqala, amahlumela abambelela atholakala. Ngale ndlela, ubuso obusenhla nangaphezulu bubunjwa phakathi neminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyisithupha.
Karikomi. Izihlahla ezinjalo zivame eJapane. Uhlamba umlotha omeziwe. Eziningana ezitshalwe eceleni kwamakhophi zihlangene zibe yinto eyodwa eyindilinga yomcamelo.
Ifomu elivaliwe ifomu. Izingoma ezinjalo zokuhlobisa ezisetshenziselwa ukutshala imibhede yembali phakathi kwazo.
Kusukela ezinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo ze-mini-gardens zitholakala, zinezici ezikhethekile zokuhlobisa.
Ngaphakathi ungaba nemigodi yokugcina isikhala semvelo, izinhlobo zonyaka ezikhulayo kanye nezivande ze-coniferous.
Ukunakekela ukuphuza umquba. Emitha yemitha yenza ibhakede le-humus ukufafaza ngokulinganayo. I-10-15 amagremu we-superphosphate athululelwa kuma-humus phezulu. Izitshalo zifakwe emhlabathini.
Ukudla okuphakelayo, esetshenziswe njengendonga kuyadingeka. Banda umphumela wokuhlobisa, kusukela kunomthelela ekujuleni kombala, izimbali eziningi, ukubunjwa kwezithelo kanye nobukhulu bomqhele. Ngo-June, kunconywa ukuthi wengeze amaminerali ngokuhlanganiswa ne-nitrogen, futhi ngemva kwenyanga - i-phosphorus ne-potassium.
Ekuqaleni kwebusika, i-curbs ihlanganiswe neqhwa. Entwasahlobo, iqhwa alikhiphi elinde ukungcola kancane kancane kwemvelo. Kudingekile ukugcoba inhlabathi. Okukhanyayo, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka salobuhle obuvela e-privet, ekunakekeleni okulungile, kanye nezimbali zalo ezinhle kakhulu kuyoba umhlobiso ongenakubuzwa wensimu yakho.
I-VIDEO 1
I-VIDEO 2
