Lolu hlobo lweklabishi lwafika kithi lisuka eSicily. Ujabulela ukuthandwa kakhulu eNtshonalanga Yurophu naseTurkey. Abalimi basekhaya bayazi ukuthi bangakhula kanjani iklabishi yekhohlrabi, Phela, kubhekwa njengabhomu bhomu futhi kudlula ezinye izihlobo zayo ukunambitha.
Okuncane mayelana nekhohlrabi
Kohlrabi - Lona iklabishi yokuqala, inika kakhulu. Isitshalo sokuqala ngokunakekelwa kahle singasuswa emva kwezinyanga ezingu-2.5 emva kokutshala. Kubonisa ukumelana okukhulu nezifo nezinambuzane. Uthola ubuningi bezindawo eziwusizo, umkhiqizo obalulekile wokudla. Uthola ngokugcwele eceleni kwezitshalo nezinye izitshalo. Ngeshwa, esifundeni sethu alinganisiwe ngokwanele ngabalimi, ngakho-ke, akanalo ukuthandwa kakhulu njengesitshalo semifino.
Ukufaneleka okufanele iklabishi yekhohlrabi
Ngendlela efanele ye-agrotechnical, ungathola izitshalo ezimbili zeklabishi. Kubalulekile ukuhlangabezana nezikhathi zokugcina lapho ncamashi tshala kohlrabi, ukumhlinzekela izimo ezifanele zokutshala nokukhathalela. Ukucabangela zonke izici ezithinta inkathi ekhulayo nokuvuthwa kweklabishi yekhohlrabi, uzokujabulela kalula le mifino.
Izidingo zomhlaba
Ukukhanya kubalulekile kohlrabi, ngakho-ke, izindawo ezikhanyisiwe zikhethwa ukutshala futhi zilungiselelwe ngokukhethekile inhlabathi yeklabishi izithombo. Lungiselela ukutshala futhi imbewu ye-kohlrabi. Ihlumela iklabishi hhayi ukufuna umhlaba, kohlrabi ingakhula kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi.
Kodwa ukuze uthole isivuno esikhulu nezinye izithelo ezinomsoco, umhlabathi kufanele ugonywe kahle futhi ube ne-asidi engekho hlangothi noma ube ne-acidic kancane. Umhlabathi ovundile futhi olungiselelwe uyoba namahlamvu amaningi emifino, futhi izithelo ngokwazo ziyoba zikhulu. Emhlabathini kufanele kube ne-nitrogen eyanele, i-phosphorus, i-potassium, futhi akufanele ibe yinto enamandla.
Uma lezi zimo zingekho, amahlamvu azoba mabi, futhi izithelo ngeke zikhule kahle futhi, ngokufanele, azijabulisi. I-Kohlrabi izokhula kahle ezindaweni lapho iziqu, u-anyanisi, izaqathe, amazambane, ukhukhamba kanye ne-beet zanda ngaphambi kwayo. Ngemuva kokuqoqa lezi zandulela, ungaqala ukulungiselela inhlabathi yokutshala izithombo zeklabishi yekhohlrabi ngonyaka ozayo.
Izikhathi ezihle zokufika
Ukwenza okokuqala ukutshala izithombo zeklabishi emhlabathini ovulekile, gxila emaholide kaMeyi, ngakho-ke ngeke ulahlekelwe lapho kudingeke ukuba utshale i-kohlrabi. Izithombo zeKohlrabi zingatshala ngezivakashi eziningana kusukela ngoMeyi, bese kuthi ngoJuni noJulayi.
Ngokutshala kokuqala kohlrabi, izithombo zawo zinamabili amaqabunga amaqabunga, kanti "iminyaka" yayo yizinsuku ezingu-40-45.
Ngemuva kokuphuma ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, uzokwazi ukuvuna ekuqaleni kuka-Juni. Ngo-Meyi, hlwayela imbewu yokutshala kwesibili kwezithombo. Futhi imbewu ehlwanyelwe ekupheleni kukaJuni kuyoba izithombo, ongavuna ngo-Okthoba.
Indlela yokwanda ye-kohlrabi kanye nokuhlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini
Lo mbono kuyaizihlubuki ivumela izithombo hhayi kuphela, kodwa ngisho imbewu ukukhiqiza ukufika endaweni evulekile.
Ukuze sikhule ekhaya okufanelekile ukutshala izithombo zeKohlrabi, kubalulekile ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi:
- lungisa umhlabathi;
- ukucubungula imbewu bese ubaqinisa;
- qinisekisa ukushisa okukhulu;
- isikhathi sokudonsa izithombo;
- unzima izithombo ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile.
Imbewu kumele ihlwanyelwe emifula, ibanga eliphakathi kuka-3 cm, naphakathi kwembewu - hhayi ngaphansi kwe-1 cm, sijula enhlabathini ngo-1 cm.
Okulandelayo, sigubha amathreyi noma amabhokisi anezimbewu ezihlwanyelwe imbewu, ekwakheni umphumela wokushisa. Ukushisa ngaphakathi kufanele kube ku-+20 ° С. Ngemva kokuvela amahlumela okuqala, nciphisa izinga lokushisa ku- +9 ° С ngesonto. Khona-ke silondoloza izinga lokushisa ngo-15 + ... +18 ° С.
Iklabishi kohlrabi akudingi umzamo omkhulu ekukhuleni, kodwa lapho yena sitshala izithombokuxhomeke esikhathini sokutshala okuhleliwe kwesitshalo emhlabathini. Lapho amahlumela ethu ezoba ishidi lokuqala, ungadonsa izithombo.
Kubalulekile! Ngemva kokudonsa, sikhuphula izinga lokushisa libe ngu-+20 ° C bese silondoloza kuze kube yilapho izithombo zihluma.
Ngemuva kwalokho, landela ukushisa komgwaqo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisa izinkamba ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kwamahora amabili, izithombo kumele ziphuze kahle.
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu yekhohlrabi emhlabathini, kumele ilungiselelwe. Senza izibhuku zokuhlanzeka ezihlukene: Okokuqala sizibeka ngamanzi ngo-50 ° С imizuzu engu-15. Khona-ke emanzini abandayo ngomzuzu owodwa. Ngemva kwenkambiso enjalo, sidonsa imbewu amahora angu-12 emanzini, lapho izakhi zokulandelela ezisebenzisekile ziye zachithwa khona. Emva kokufaka imbewu, hlambulula bese ushiya usuku esiqandisini.
Somisa imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala. Manje ungawahlwanyela. Lokhu kuhle kakhulu ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.
Gxilisa imbewu ngo-1.5-2 cm. Ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa kufanele libe ngu-50 cm, futhi phakathi kwembewu - 3-4 cm. Ngokushesha nje uma amaqabunga evela ezitshalweni, phuma kancane bese ushiya amahlumela onke ama-7-8 cm. lapho amaqabunga ezitshalo esondelene ndawonye, ibanga eliphakathi kwezithombo kufanele libe ngu-20 cm.
Uyazi? Izinsuku ezingu-7 ngaphambi kokutshala i-kohlrabi emhlabathini ovulekile, izithombo zawo azisetshenzisiwe.
Isu nokujula kokufika
Zikhona amathiphu amaningi ukuthi indlela yokutshala izithombo zeklabishi emhlabathini ovulekile. Sifuna ukwabelana ngezinketho eziqinisekisiwe.
Uma ukutshala izithombo kudinga ukuba utshalwe ngokujulile ngaphambi kokuqala kokukhula kwamaqabunga okuqala. Thola ukuthi ukulungela izithombo zokutshala kungenziwa inani lamaqabunga esitshalweni - kufanele kube ngu-5-6. Kungcono ukutshala izithombo ngosuku olumnyama noma kusihlwa. Futhi, ngeke kube yinto engafanele ukuyithungela izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokuduka.
Ngezinhlobo zokuqala zekhohlrabi, iphethini lokufika elingu 60 x 20/70 x 30 cm lifanelekile, ngoba izinhlobo ezinomphela - 60 x 40/70 x 45 cm. Izinhlobo zeKohlrabi ezinamaqabunga ambalwa zingatshalwa futhi zinyene.
Uyazi? Ukuze usheshe ukhiqize inqubo yokuvuthwa kwe-kohlrabi, zama izithombo ngemuva kokutshala, zimboze nge-foil noma i-agrofibre. Kulokhu, izithombo akufanele zijule kakhulu.
Uma unquma ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngokushesha emhlabathini, khona-ke lokhu kwenziwa emigodini, ukuvala 2-2.5 cm ejulile. Ngokuqhubekayo senza ukucwilisa amahlumela, sishiya inamandla kakhulu.
Ubuqili bokukhula nokunakekela iklabishi yekhohlrabi
Iklabishi kohlrabi nakuba engazithobeki, kodwa namanje udinga ilungelo ukufika nokukhathalela.
Khumbula ukuthi iKohlrabi ithanda ukukhanya, ngakho-ke yifaka eningizimu noma eningizimu-mpumalanga yesakhiwo.
Kubalulekile! Emoyeni esomile, i-kohlrabi iniselwa ngamanzi afudumele, futhi inhlabathi ikhululiwe futhi ukuchelela ngokwayo kukhishwa kusihlwa.
Hlwanyela izithombo ngezitshalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uKohlrabi ukhona etafuleni isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.
Lapho ukhula kohlrabi, kubalulekile ukuhambisana nazo zonke izidingo ze-agrotechnical, uma kungenjalo, lesi sitshalo singakhipha umcibisholo, noma izithombo zizophuma futhi zingakufaneleki ukutshala.
Emva kokutshala izithombo, inhlabathi kufanele ihlanganiswe, izitshalo kufanele ziphuze kakhulu futhi zimbozwe umhlaba ukunciphisa ukuqhuma kwamanzi. Engadini kubalulekile ukufeza ukunqanda, ukuhambisa umhlabathi.
Kubalulekile! Ukutshala okujulile kwezimbewu zeKohlrabi kuyalimaza ukwakheka kwesithelo futhi kungabangela ukuqhuma kwesitshalo.
Ukuphuza nokugqoka iklabishi
U-Kohlrabi uthanda umswakama futhi udinga ukuchelela njalo. Ngemuva kwalokho etshala iklabishi kufanele iphuze njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-2-3. Njengoba ukhula, ungakwazi ukuwasebenzisa kanye kanye ngesonto, kodwa ungadluli umhlabathi, ngoba ungabangela izifo eziningi.
Kohlrabi iklabishi yokugqoka kwenziwa 3-4 izikhathi ngezikhathi ezithile ngezikhathi kwezinsuku 10-12. Ukugqoka kokuqala kwenziwa ngomquba wezinkukhu, owesibili nomquba obolile, bese kuthiwa ama-fertilizer amaminerali kanye ne-peat oxide.
Kubalulekile! Iklabishi iKohlrabi iyadingeka kakhulu ngoJuni.
Umhlaba ukhulula
I-kohlrabi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi inhlabathi iphefumula. Ngalokhu udinga kusayithi owakhiqizile ukutshala izithombo zeklabishi, ukukhulula inhlabathi njalo. Ngemuva kokunisela okunye, kubalulekile ukuguqula umhlabathi ekujuleni kwe-8 cm.
Izinzuzo zokukhulula zingaphezu kokusobala:
- yenza isakhiwo somhlabathi;
- ukwandisa umoya wayo wokugcoba oksijini;
- lisheshisa ukwehla kwezindaba eziphilayo;
- ikhuthaza ukuqoqwa kwezici ezizuzisayo zesitshalo;
- kuvimbela ukuqhuma ngokweqile komswakama;
- kuphazamisa ukuvela kokhula njengoba kuvumela ukubhubhisa amahlumela abo.
Ukuvikelwa kwezinambuzane
Ukunakekelwa kweklabishi I-Kohlrabi ayiyinkimbinkimbi, iyafana nalowo esisetshenziselwa iklabishi omhlophe, kodwa izinambuzane ziyafana.
Izifo zeKohlrabi:
- umlenze omnyama;
- wonke;
- i-bacteriosis ye-mucous;
- downy isikhutha (peronospora).
- i-cruciferous flea;
- iklabishi fly;
- izinkathazo kanye nezikhwama;
- aphid, iklabishi scoop kanye whitegrass.
Indlela enjengokuphatha ngomlotha nokupuniza ngesisombululo se-tar soap isiqinisekisile kahle. Isixazululo sokubhema sizobhekana nesibhakela seklabishi, noma ingxube yokuqothula ngomlotha, pepper kanye nogwayi kulungiselelwe.
Njengoba unesifo esinjenge-keel, ungakwazi ukubhekana nokulinganisa kwenhlabathi.
Kubalulekile! Uma i-keel isakazwa kusayithi, iklabishi akufanele itshalwe lapha iminyaka emihlanu.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Kungenzeka ukuqoqa iklabishi zingakapheli izinyanga ezimbili ngemuva kokutshala, kodwa kungakapheli ukuthi izithelo ziba nobubanzi obuyi-6-10 cm. Izithelo zibhekwa njengezilungile ngobukhulu buka-8 cm ububanzi. Abalimi abaningi bathanda ukuvuna nezithelo ezincane. Uma ukwedlula ukuvuna kohlrabi, izithelo ziyoba nzima futhi ezingenakwenzeka, izakhi eziningi zizolahleka.
Gcina kohlrabi ensimini ingaba esiqandisini. Lapha kungagcinwa kuze kufike enyangeni engu-1 ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa zonke izakhiwo zayo ezinempilo nokunambitha. Amaqabunga kufanele ahlanganiswe ngendwangu ebomvu bese efakwa esikhwameni sepulasitiki esingafanele siboshwe.
Ukugcina isitoreji isikhathi eside ukuqoqa kohlrabi sekwephuzile. Benza cishe cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho iklabishi emhlophe ivunwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukushisa kwe-air akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-3-5 ° C ngisho nangaphambi kwamaqhwa.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-kohlrabi - iGigantic, Blue Delicacy, ne-Violetta-zifanelekile ukugcina isikhathi eside ngemva kokutshala ngokuphindaphindiwe ngoJuni. I-Kohlrabi kumele igcinwe ku-0 ° C no-95% umswakama.
Uyazi? Yizithelo ezibomvu ze-kohlrabi ezigcinwe isikhathi eside kunezingqimba eziluhlaza.
Ngemuva kokuvuna kohlrabi ensimini, sinquma amaqabunga, sishiya 2 cm eduze nesithelo. Izitshalo zidonsa enhlabathini kanye nezimpande. Impande ingcono kakhulu ishiywe futhi ingaguli. Izithelo esizifaka ebhokisini noma amabhasikidi avuthayo futhi sizithelela esihlabathini, kodwa hhayi emfuleni.
Uma isivuno sezithelo zekhohlrabi sithelwa ngehlabathi elimanzi futhi ligcinwe emiphongolweni, isikhathi sokugcina siyoba izinyanga ezingu-5-8. Kukhona indlela yokugcina i-kohlrabi kanye kuze kube izinyanga ezingu-9. Le ndlela ibanda. Geza kohlrabi, ikhasi, nquma bese u-blanch imizuzu emithathu. Bese uvumele ukupholisa, ukupakisha nokufisa.
Ukusebenzisa lezi zeluleko, ungakwazi kalula ukwandisa iklabishi yekhohlrabi engadini yakho bese uthola amavithamini enempilo kuze kube yonyaka ozayo.
