Utamatisi we Cherry: kanjani ukutshala izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ezitsheni zokushisa?

Utamatisi we Cherry okuyinto ngokuvamile okuthiwa "cherry", kuhle ukumangala izivakashi zakho. Ungabheka ukuthi bancane.

Utamatisi uhlawulela usayizi wabo nge-palette enemibala ecebile, kanye nesinambitheka esiyingqayizivele, esivame ukuthanda utamatisi.

Umlando wokuzala lawa utamatisi iqalile ngokulinganayo maduzane. Noma kunalokho kusukela ngo-1973. Kwakungaleso sikhathi ukuthi abalimi base-Israyeli bathole abameli bokuqala bezinhlobonhlobo ezintsha.

I-Cherry baqanjwe ngegama lokufana kwe-cherry (cherri eng.) Futhi usayizi omncane izithelo. Umsebenzi wabalimi ngokuhlwanyelwa kwezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlamvu ze-cherry akayekanga. Bahlale bejabulisa abalimi ngezitshalo ezintsha ezingavamile, ezihlwabusayo.

Okunye kunconywa ngezindawo zokugcina izithombo zohlobo lwezotamatisi, okwethulwa kwiwebhusayithi yethu: Ushokolethi, iKishmish, ikhasi elibomvu, iDome of Russia, Ukuziqhenya kweSiberia, Pink Impresn, Novice, Wonder of the World, uMongameli 2

Okuqukethwe:

Ukukhetha okuhlukahlukene
I-Determinant enkulu
Ukunquma
I-Indeterminate
Ukutshala izithombo
Ngena endlini yokushisa
Izitshalo zokudla
Ukunakekelwa kweBush

Ukulungiselela ukushisa

Indlela yokutshala utamatisi izinhlobo ze-cherry ku-abamba ukushisa? Ukulungiselela for spring ukutshala utamatisi on izithombo abalimi abanolwazi weluleke ukuba uqale ekwindla, ngokulungiswa kwenhlabathi. Abalimi abanenkathi abavuthiwe abangeke batusa umquba wamakhemikhali. Ekugcineni, empeleni ngamanani amancane, bazowela ezitshalweni ezitshaliwe, kanye nezithelo emzimbeni wethu.

Yenza i-humus engcono, i-peat, i-sawdust. I-Humus izogcwalisa izinga lemifuno ephilayo. I-Peat izosekela enhlabathini edingekayo umswakama, kuzosiza ukulungisa ukushisa. Ukuqothula lapho kubola ukukhipha i-carbon dioxide, okudingekayo ekuthuthukiseni izitshalo, ukuvikela izitshalo kusuka ekutheni ukutheleleka kwezimpande.

Uma kunesidingo, khipha umhlabathi nge-choki noma ufulawa wama dolomite. Ukugcwalisa inhlabathi nge-nitrogen kumamitha ayisentimitha angu-18-20 ukucwilisa izimpande neziqu zomphetho omile.

Ngokuqondile ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi efanayo kufanelekile ukutshala imbewu yamatamatisi kwizithombo. Uma ungazange ulungiselele inhlabathi kusengaphambili, ungasebenzisa ingxube eyenziwe ngomumo ethengwe ezitolo ezikhethekile.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukufika hamba wena. Zixhomeke ekuhambeni kwezinto ezihlukahlukene, isikhathi esithathayo ukuba inhlabathi ikwazi ukufudumala endaweni yokushisa. Ngemuva kokulungiselela inhlabathi, ungacabanga ukuthi utamatisi we-cherry we-greenhouse engcono ukutshala.

Ungathathi ukufika okulandelayo imbewu kusuka enhlobonhlobo. Ngeke iphinde ibuye izici ezihlukahlukene ezivela kuyo imbewu. Thatha imbewu kuphela kusuka ku-varietal utamatisi.

Ukukhetha okuhlukahlukene

Akudingekile ukucabanga, ngenxa yobukhulu bezithelo, ukuthi lezi zitamatisi ezikhula kancane. Njengezotamatisi ezinobukhulu besithelo esivamile kithi, ama-cherry sezihlahla zombili zi-determinant futhi ezingenakunqunywa. Namuhla, izinhlobo ezivezwe ngokuthi "super determinism" ziyadalwa.

Utamatisi we-cherry - izinhlobo ze-greenhouse:

I-Determinant enkulu

Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo ze-cherry utamatisi zokugcina izithombo zalesi sigaba:

I-Arctic. Ummeleli ovelele kakhulu kulezi zinhlobonhlobo ukhulu kakhulu ekuqaleni, kusukela ekuhlumeni kuya ekuvuthweni kwezinsuku ezingu-77-82 kuphela. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla akudluli ngamasentimitha angama-40. Uhlobo lwe-inflorescences, oluvame ukunikeza izithelo ezingu-22.
F1 Isakhamuzi. I-hybrid yokuqala inambitheka kahle. Kusukela emahlumela okuqala kuya utamatisi ovuthiwe, izinsuku ezingu-95-100 zidlula. Amafomu aqhuma izithelo ezingu-12 kuya ku-18, enesisindo esisuka ku-12 kuya ku-25 amagremu. Ukusheshisa ukuvuna kudinga pasynkovanie.

Ividiyo ewusizo mayelana nokukhetha izinhlobo zokugcina izithombo:

Ukunquma

I-Ampel. Bush mayelana nemitha ende. Esikhathini sokushayela izithelo ezingu-15-18, enesisindo esingaba ngu-15 amagremu. Isici esiyingqayizivele kungento engenamsebenzi yokuphoqa. Esikhundleni sezinyathelo, ama-brushes anezithelo ama-ovaries akhiwa.
I-Raisin F1. I-Hybrid yokuqala (izinsuku ezingu-85-90) ukuvuthwa. Isihlahla sifinyelela ukuphakama kufika kumitha eyodwa, kunconywa ukuba senze kwesinye isiqu. Kuze kube ama-brushes ayisikhombisa avela esiteshini, ngasinye sinamathe utamatisi amancane angama-20 anesisindo esingaba ngu-20 amagremu.

I-Indeterminate

Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo ze-cherry utamatisi ngezindawo zokugcina zokugcina zolu hlobo:

Usuku lwesi-Orange F1. Ukuvuthwa okuzayo. Izithelo ezivuthiwe, ngalinye elilinganisa amagremu angu-18 kuya ku-20, liqoqwe ngezibhamu ezingu-16-18. Ngaphakathi kombala obala. Ukunambitheka kwama-plums, okulandelwa i-aftertaste e-honey, elandelwayo.

I-cherry yase-Black F1. Isitshalo esikhula ngesinye isiqu sinamamitha angu-3,2-3,5. Izithelo zivamile, cishe nxazonke. Kakhulu kakhulu. Kusukela ekuhlumeni ukuvuna izinsuku ezingu 63-65. Ngesinye isibhamu 10-12 utamatisi akhiwa, esilinganisa kusuka 15 kuya 30 amagremu. Isikhumba esinomsolo sinikeza ithuba elihle lokumangalisa kanye nokuqhwala.
Ikhasi eliphuzi F1. Abakhiqizi bamatamatisi baseChina. Ukuphakama kweBush 2.0-2.2 amamitha, isilinganiso sokuvuthwa kwesikhathi (izinsuku ezingu-95-105). Utamatisi amnandi, nge-aftertaste yamaberry. Kuhle ukusebenzisa ngendlela yama-saladi, kanye nokukhweza.

Kubalulekile: naphezu kwesisindo esincane sezithelo, ngenxa yobuningi babo kudinga ukuhlanganisa isihlahla ngokuphelele zonke izinhlobo ze-cherry. Ukuze utamatisi ongakapheli, ukubunjwa kwesihlahla phezu kwe-trellis kunconywa.

Ezinye izinhlobo zethebula zetamatisi ezivezwe kwiwebsite yethu: I-Chibis, i-Thick boatswain, i-Goldfish, imizi yaseRussia, i-Pride yeSiberia, i-Gardener, i-Alpha, i-Cream Bendrik, i-Crimson Miracle, i-heavyweight yaseSiberia, i-Cap, i-Gigalo, i-Golden Domes, i-Grandee

Ukutshala izithombo

Thela inhlabathi elungiselelwe ebhokisini, fudumele inhlabathi ekushiseni kwe-16ºC-18ºC. Yenza ama-groove ama-5-7 millimeters ejulile, isakaze imbewu ehlwanyelwe ibe ngamanzi. Ngami bhala ukuthi yikuphi imbewu etshalwe, ukuze ungadideki esikhathini esizayo. Fafaza ungqimba lomhlaba cishe ngamentimitha, hlela kancane, uthele. Beka ibhokisi endaweni ekhanyisiwe.

Ukushisa kumele kube ngu-20ºC. Emva kokuvela kwamahlumela, uthele umanyolo obunzima "i-Gumat", ugcine ngokucophelela imiyalelo, futhi ubuye ubheke ibhokisi efasiteleni ngezikhathi ezithile. Lokhu kuzosiza ukugwema ukwelula ngokweqile nokwehliswa kwezithombo. Ukunisela ngamanyolo okunzima kungabuyekezwa ezinsukwini ezingu-12-14.

Emva kokuvela kwesibili - iqabunga lesithathu langempela kudingeka ukhethe. Kunconywa ukufakelwa izithombo zibe yizikhonkwane ze-peat ukuze zitshale izithombo kanye nazo.

Ngena endlini yokushisa

Indlela yokutshala utamatisi we-cherry ku-abamba ukushisa? Ngemuva kokufudumala phansi ku-greenhouse ungaqala ukutshala izithombo. Ukushisa kungabhekwa nge-thermometer yasendlini, kuyishiye emhlabathini imizuzu engu-15-20. Akufanele kube ngaphansi kwe-15ºC, ngaphandle kwalokho izimpande zingase zibole. Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwemigodi emagqumeni, zitshale izithombongokususa amaqabunga aphansi.

Gcina ibanga phakathi kwemigqa kanye nezihlahla. Iphethini yokutshala yilokhu okulandelayo phakathi kwemigqa engaba ngamasentimitha angu-45-50, phakathi kwezitshalo cishe ngamamitha angu-40 - ngezinhlobo ezincane ezikhulayo. Ngezitshalo ezide, ibanga liyanda ngamamitha angu-60-75 phakathi kwemigqa nengxenye yomitha phakathi kwehlathi. Ukufika kangcono ukuqhuba ziphazamisekile, ukuthuthukisa ukufinyelela kwesitshalo.

Izitshalo zokudla

Ungabandakanyeki ekukhuliseni umquba wamaminerali kuphela. Ukwakheka okuvamile kwe-ovary ne-fruiting Kudingeka umquba we-nitrogen ne-phosphate.

Ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa emva kokuphuma, ukondla urea, ugcine isilinganiso, isipuni esisodwa ibhakede lamanzi. Amanzi ilitha ngalinye lesisombululo ngaphansi komsuka wesitshalo. Ukufaka umanyolo nge-nitrogen fertilizer, isisombululo semfucumfucu wezinkukhu ngamanzi, esilungiselelwe ngesilinganiso esingu-1:15, sifanelekile.

Kudingeka ephindaphindiwe ukuxuba ingxube. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, ukuchelela, ukulungiselela isisombululo ngesilinganiso sehafu yegreyi lenhlanganisela yamanzi ngayinye. Amanzi ngetitha lenhlanganisela isitshalo ngasinye. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-30-40, uthele amanzi ngaphansi kwempande.

Ukunakekelwa kweBush

Ukunakekelwa kuzoba ukuchelela okufika kwesikhathi, inhlabathi yesikhashana ivusa. Ukungabi nomswakama kungabangela ukuthi ungadingekile ngokuphelele izithelo zokuqhekeka. Ukukhululeka kusiza ukugwema ukuqhuma ngokweqile komswakama, okuvame ukuholela ekuboleni kwezimpande.

Noma yiziphi izihlahla ze-cherry zidinga ukubopha. Awudingi ukuhlanganisa izinhlobo kuphela ze-ampelnyh (lianovidnye) ze-greenhouse. Atshalwa emabhakheni alenga.

Utamatisi we Cherry we-abamba ukushisa, izinhlobo ezingapheli, zidinga ngaphezulu futhi pasynkovaniya. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuthola isivuno esiphezulu.

Ukutshala utamatisi we-cherry ku-greenhouse kuyindlela enhle yensimu yasekhaya. Umbala we-palette ocebile, ophelele okungavamile izithelo ukunambitheka uzokukhokhela ngobukhulu bawo obukhulu.