Isithombo sebhitrudi isitshalo esingenakuzithoba esihlale siletha izithelo eziphezulu, futhi ukukhula nokuzinakekela kuyisisekelo. Ama-beet aqukethe i-pectin, i-fiber, i-fibre yokudla kanye nosawoti wamaminerali, anamaprotheni nama-carbohydrate. I-beet yefowuni yondla kakhulu imfuyo, ikakhulukazi ebusika, lapho izilwane zinikezwa ukudla okumile futhi okusemathinini. Ngenxa yalokho, ukufana nokugaya kwezinhlanzi, utshani, ukusila kanye nokugxila kuthuthukiswa. Kulesi sihloko sizobheka indlela ukutshala isithombo sebhitrudi sefolda, ukuze ulethe isivuno esikhulu.
Izinhlobo ze-beet izinhlobo
Kuze kube namuhla, izinhlobo ezindala ze-beet yefolda, njenge-Ekendorfskaya yellow, i-Galitskaya, ne-Lvovskaya, zisalokhu zijwayelekile futhi zithengisa kahle. Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo ezintsha ezintsha zivela ezihluka emkhakheni, ukumelana nezinambuzane kanye nezitshalo eziphakeme. Okuthandwa kakhulu kubo kufaka:
- I-Lada - izinhlobonhlobo ze-beet yefolda, lapho isivuno sempande sombala omhlophe noma obomvana-obomvu, isimo se-oval-cylindrical, sigxila emhlabathini yi-⅓. Inyama ye-beet iyamanzi futhi kunomsoco. Izitshalo zihlala zize zivunwe. Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Lada aziqhakazi isikhathi eside, inokuphikisa okuhle izinkukhu kanye nokubola kwe-kagatnaya ngesikhathi sokugcina. Ngokwesilinganiso, iveza isivuno se-1200 c / ha.
- Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokukhula uNadezhda unemifino enomsuka obomvu, owenziwe nge-oval. Inyama yesithombo sebhitrudi imhlophe, amaqabunga ahlaza futhi anemibala emincane ye-anthocyanin. It has a convex, encane, gray ikhanda. Ukuvunwa kuletha okuhle, kudlula izinga. Ingagula nge-powdery isikhutha nomkhuhlane.
Izinhlobonhlobo zefolishi ye-beet Milan iyi-triploid, hybrid eyodwa-seeded. Ubude nobubanzi bobubanzi obuphakathi kwempande, obuketshezi. Ijuliswe ngokujulile enhlabathini. Ingxenye ye-beet engaphansi komhlaba inemhlophe, kanti ingxenye engaphezulu komhlaba iyisiliva. I-beet fodder yalolu hlobo iveza isitshalo esiphakathi, ku-785 c / hectare. Ukuphikisana ne-cercopiasis.- NjengeMilan, i-Vermon ehlukahlukene i-triploid, i-single-seeded hybrid, enesitshalo esiphakathi kwezimpande ezinama-cylindrical-conical shape. Akujuliswe ngokujulile emhlabathini. Inhlabathi imhlophe emhlabathini, futhi yonke into engaphezulu komhlaba iyisiliva. Isivuno salolu hlobo lufinyelela ku-878 c / ha.
- I-Jamon ezihlukahlukene ze-beet yi-triploid, eyodwa-seeded hybrid. Unomtshina we-conic-cylindrical, enhlabathini unombala ophuzi olune-orange-orange, ne-orange ekhanyayo ngaphezulu. Ukutshala usayizi we-medium medium. Isithombo sebhitrudi esifushane. Isivuno salolu hlobo singamaphesenti angama-84 ehektheleni. IKorneedov cishe ayiguli, isifo sesonto.
- I-starmon beet fodder is a triploid, single-seeded hybrid. Unesitshalo sezimpande eziqhamukayo, emhlabathini uphuzi, ngaphezulu kohlaza. Lesi sitshalo side, imifino ekhona imhlophe, isikhombisi cishe siphelile. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zezinyosi ziletha abantu abangamaphesenti angama-692 ehektheleni yesitshalo.
Izinhlobonhlobo zefolishi ye-beet Milan iyi-triploid, hybrid eyodwa-seeded. Ubude nobubanzi bobubanzi obuphakathi kwempande, obuketshezi. Ijuliswe ngokujulile enhlabathini. Ingxenye ye-beet engaphansi komhlaba inemhlophe, kanti ingxenye engaphezulu komhlaba iyisiliva. I-beet fodder yalolu hlobo iveza isitshalo esiphakathi, ku-785 c / hectare. Ukuphikisana ne-cercopiasis.Ukuhlwanyela nini futhi kanjani ukutshala izinyosi: izici zokutshala izimpande
Lapho izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi ekujuleni kwe-8 cm lingu-6 ° C, khona-ke isithombo sebhitrudi sesitshalo sitshalwe emhlabathini. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kukaMashi - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, usuvele ubona amahlumela okuqala, kodwa uma izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi lingaphezu kuka-5 ° C, imbewu ingahluma ngosuku lwesishiyagalolunye. Ngaphambi kokutshala, inqubo evunyelwe yindlela yokwelapha imbewu ezivela ezinambuzane nezifo. Udinga futhi ukwazi ukuthi isithombo sebhitrudi sitshalwe kanjani.
Ukujula kwemigodi yembewu kufanele ibe ngu-5 cm, kanti ibanga eliphakathi kwezitshalo - cishe u-0.5m. Ukuze kulondolozwe umswakama emhlabathini, izitshalo kumele zigijime, kanti ukhula lungaphansi, ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi kumele iphathwe nge-herbicides. Okubalulekile ukuvunwa okuhle yizimo zokushisa. Uma umhlabathi ubanda kakhulu, sonke isitshalo singase sife. Ngaphambi kokuba kuvele amahlumela okuqala, ukhula kanye ne-crust zingakha emhlabathini. Ukukhululeka kalula komhlaba kungasiza ekugwemeni inamba enkulu yokhula.
Uyazi? I-beet yefodder izokuzwa kangcono uma ibhali, phacelia, alfalfa nezinye izitshalo zikhule ngaphambi kokutshala.Izwe lapho izithombo zezinyosi eziyokhula khona kufanele zicutshwe ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu. Ukuze kuvune kangcono, umquba ungasetshenziswa kakhulu entwasahlobo, okuzosiza ukubhubhisa ukhula futhi uhlakulele inhlabathi.
Indlela yokunakekela isithombo sebhitrudi sefolda
Ukuze uthole isivuno esicebile, kumele ulandele imithetho yokunakekela isithombo sebhitrudi sefolda. Ama-beet awadingi ukunakwa okukhethekile, ukutshalwa kwezolimo kulula. Ukunakekelwa okuyisisekelo kukhululeka ngesikhathi futhi kuphumula, ukuchelela okufanele nokuvikelwa kwezilokazane nezifo.
Ukukhulula nokukhipha
Uma i-crust eyenziwe emhlabathini, kusho ukuthi ayikho oksijeni. Uhlelo lokutshala isithombo sebhitrudi sesitshalo luhlanganisa ukukhululwa kwenhlabathi izinsuku ezimbalwa emva kokutshala. Ukukhulula ubuso nge-cutter flat kunconywa njalo emva kwemvula.
Kubalulekile! Ukhula ludinga ukhula izikhathi ezimbalwa phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo, kuze kube yilapho izintambo zezinyosi zingavali.
Ukunisela isithombo sebhitrudi
Lapho ukuchelela izinyosi, kuqala kokubili, ziqondiswa yisimo sezulu. Ukuphuza okunamandla kuyadingeka ngesikhathi lapho impande ikhula kanye namafomu. Izinsuku ezingu-30 ngaphambi kokumba ama-beet, ukuchelela kufanele kususwe ngokuphelele, kungenjalo izimpande zingase zibe neshukela elincane futhi zizogcinwa zibi kakhulu. Uma kuvame ukuwa ekwindla, benza izikhala phakathi kwemigqa yokukhipha amanzi.
Ukuvikelwa kwezinambuzane
Ama-beet angaba ukudla kwezilokazane ezihlukahlukene, ngakho-ke ukutshala nokunakekelwa ensimini kuhambisana nezinyathelo zokuvikela izilokazane. Njengesisindo sokuvimbela, kusetshenziselwa umquba wamaminerali. Umquba uqaliswa lapho ukugaya ekwindla kwenziwa. Ngehora elingu-1, kudingeka amathani angu-35 omanyolo ophilayo. I-ash ash nayo ihle kakhulu njengomanyolo, i-hektha elilodwa udinga abantu abangaba ngu-5.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokutshala i-beet fodder, kunconywa ukulima inhlabathi bese uveza i-nitroammofosku.Okungasetshenziswa kakhulu kuyoba ama-potash nama-phosphate fertilizer.
Lapho ukuvuna, kanjani ukunquma izithelo ukuvuthwa
Ukuqhathaniswa kwe-fodder beet kuncike ngesimo sezulu. Ngenxa yokuthi ifolishi isithombo sebhitrudi isaba ukushisa okuphansi, kungcono ukuvuna ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa. Umsuka kumele ususwe ngokucophelela enhlabathini ngaphandle kokulimaza. Kubuye kudingekile ukuba uqede ngokucophelela iziqongonga, ngaphandle kwalokho ukugcinwa kwezinyosi kuyobe kunciphise kakhulu.
Uyazi? Kungcono ukuqukatha i-beet fodder emiphongolweni, umgodi womhlaba, ekushiseni okufika ku + 5 ° С.Uma ubona ukukhula kwi-beetroot, amaqabunga aphansi aphenduka aphuzi futhi abune, futhi izithelo zebhethri ziye zafinyelela usayizi ngokusho kwezinhlobonhlobo - lokhu kusho ukuthi isikhathi sesifikile sokuvuna.
Manje uyazi zonke ngezinyosi ze-fodder, indlela yokutshala nokuzinakekela, indlela yokuvikela isitshalo kusuka ezinambuzane nesikhathi sokuvuna. Kuhlala kuphela ukufisa ukuthi uphumelele ekukhuleni lesi siko esiwusizo.
