Indlela yokuvikela marigolds wakho ozithandayo - umhlobiso wezingosi zethu - ezifweni nezinambuzane?

Esigodini sethu sendawo, imibhede yedolobha namapaki, izimbali ze-marigold ezingathobekile zikhula yonke indawo.

Lezi zimbali zihlobisa imibhede yembali bese zigcwalisa umoya ngephunga elikhethekile. Nakuba bengadingi ukunakekelwa okunjalo ngokwabo ukunakekelwa nezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo, lapho bezikhathalela, bazojabula ngobuhle bazo obuhle. Kulesi sihloko uzofunda ukuthi yiziphi izifo ezikulezi zimbali nokuthi yini okufanele ukwenze ukuze izitshalo zingapheli.

Incazelo ye-botanical

I-Marigold iyisitshalo se-herbaceous ornamental Umndeni wakwa-Aster, noma i-Asteraceae.

Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-53 eziwayo. Lezi zitshalo zavela kithi eNingizimu Melika, lapho zibusa khona manje. Ngenxa yabanqobi, basakaza eYurophu, base beya eRussia, Asia Minor nakwamanye amazwe. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo ze-marigold, kanye nokubona incazelo nesithombe sezimbali lapha.

Endle, ama-taget atholakala entshonalanga yeTranscaucasia. Banohlelo lwempande oluthuthukile kanye neziqu eziqinile eziqinile. Amaqabunga awo onke amathoni aluhlaza. Kuye ngezinsimbi zezinto ezihlukahlukene kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla zombili ziphansi futhi ziphakeme, eziphakama ukusuka ku-20 cm kuya kumamitha amabili.

Izimbali zamarigolds zombili zilula futhi ziyi-terry, zombili ezinkulu nezincane. Zingaba ezinemibala emincane, noma zingabanjwa futhi zigqoke kahle, ziphuzi, zi-orange noma zibomvu. Zibonakala ngezimbali eziphuthumayo futhi azifaki izidingo ezikhethekile zokukhula.

Ngaphandle kwezinhloso zokuhlobisa, ama-marigolds asetshenziswa njengemithi (ukuthuthukisa ukugaya nokuzivikela) kanye nesipuni. Iqukethe amafutha abalulekile, amavithamini, izakhi zokulandelela nezinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo.

Izifo ezivamile nezithombe zezitshalo ezilimele

Kungani ungaqhakazi?

Ukuxilongwa: Ngokwesilinganiso, kufika ezinyangeni ezingu-2 kufanele kudlule kusukela ekutshalweni kuya kwezimbali (kuye ngokuthi izimo zezulu).

Ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nezici zokunakekelwa kwe-marigold ekhaya nasezindaweni ezivulekile, sitshele kule ndaba.

Kulesi simo, ngokuvamile amandla onke esitshalo aya ekuthuthukiseni ubukhulu obuhlaza.

Izizathu: Ukuntuleka kwezimbali kungabangela inqwaba yomanyolo kanye nomswakama omkhulu, kanye nesomiso, ukungabi nomoya emhlabathini noma ukungabi nokukhanya kwemvelo.

Okufanele ukwenze: Indawo yokutshala kumele ilanga noma ibe nomthunzi okhethekile. Udinga ukuphuza nsuku zonke, ezinsukwini ezishisayo - ekuseni nakusihlwa. Ukukhulula inhlabathi okungenani kanye ngesonto kuvusa izimbali. Amaqabunga aphelile kufanele asuswe. Kumele futhi wengeze umanyolo, ngaphandle kwalokho inhlabathi iphelile.

Kungani amaqabunga ephenduka amhlophe?

Ukuhlonza: amahlamvu amhlophe emaqabunga.

Izizathu: Amaqabunga e-marigold aphenduka amhlophe nge-spider mite (i-spider-like white bloom) noma i-powdery isikhutha (amabala amhlophe namaqabunga egoqa emaphethelweni).

Okufanele ukwenze: i-mite ayithandi umswakama ophezulu, ngakho-ke uma uchitha izimbali ngamanzi, ngeke uchithe izimbali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukumnika ugwayi kuhlanjululwa ngamanzi kanye nasensiphu yokuhlanza ukusiza (khona-ke uphawu luzohamba ngokuqinisekile). Izifungicide ezisekelwe esibabule zisetshenziselwa ukuvikela umuthi we-powdery.

Okuningi mayelana nokuthi ungakuvikela kanjani ama-marigolds ezigulini zesicabucabu nezinye izinambuzane nezifo zingatholakala lapha.

Ngabe sizathu siphi isizathu?

Ukuhlonza: izihlahla ziphela ngokushesha.

Izizathu: i-marigolds ingathinteka yizimpande zokubola, blackleg, slugs, aphid, kanye nezinye izifo nezinambuzane. Ngokuvamile ngenxa yalesi sizathu bayabuna:

• Umlenze omnyama yisifo sokuqala samarigolds. Ukukhanya okukhanyayo, okunyamazayo nokubola kuvela phansi kwe-stem, okuholela ekufakeni.
• Ngezigaba kamuva, ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi, ama-marigold angathinteka yizimpande ezibola. Kulesi simo, izitshalo ziqala ukukhula kancane, ziphuzi, bese zifa.
• Kwenzeka ekupheleni kwehlobo ekuhlungeni kweqembu kuvela ama-marigolds namahlumela aphuzi namaqabunga aphuzile ngephuzi, ukhilimu, izindawo zethusi namaphethini.

  Ungase futhi uqaphele ukuthuthukiswa kwamaphutha kanye nokuntuleka kwembewu. Konke lokhu kuyimpawu yezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.

• Kuzo zokugcina izithombo, ezimweni ezishisayo, ensimini, izitshalo zingathinteka yi-whitefly yokushisa. Le butterfly encane idla ngokusawoti kwamaqabunga e-marigold. I-soot fungi ivame ukuxazulula izimpungushe zamashukela futhi amaqabunga ahlanganiswe nobumnyama.
• Emswakeni ophezulu (imvula) ama-slugs kanye nemisinki ziphuma. Bamba amahlumela namaqabunga emakethe.
• I-Thrips (izinambuzane ezincane) idla amaqabunga ama-marigolds, ephuza ijusi kubo. Ukunqotshwa kwe-thrips kungabonakala nge-punctures encane emagumbini efihlekile. Ihlumela liqala ukubola, bese lime futhi liphele (ngaphezulu ngokuthi kungani ama-marigold asomile nokuthi kufanele ukwenze ngani, funda lesi sihloko).
• Ngokuvamile amahlamvu aqala ukudla izibungu. Izibungu zidla amahlamvu kanye nesitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibungu zisebenzisa amaqabunga azo izibungu.
• Kwezinye izimo, i-aphid ivela kuma-marigolds. Ihlanganisa yonke indawo yezimbali, iziqongo zamahlumela, amaqabunga neziqu.

Okufanele ukwenze:

1. Ukulondoloza izitshalo ezivela emanzini omnyama we-stalk nomhlabathi ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela kufanele uphathwe nge-fungicides kanye ne-potassium permanganate eyongezwe emanzini okunisela - kodwa akufanele ukwenze lokhu njalo (bheka ukuthi ungakhula kanjani ama-marigolds kusuka kumbewu lapha). Uma ama-marigolds aqala ukufa, kufanele ususe ngokushesha. Umhlabathi eduze kwezitshalo ezisele ezifafazwe ngesihlabathi se-calcined, i-perlite noma umlotha.
2. Ukutheleleka kokubola okuvuthiwe kungavinjelwa ngokubanika izimo ezinhle kakhulu zokukhula (inhlabathi evulekile, isakhiwo, i-weeding ejwayelekile).
3. Ezifo ezithathelwanayo, izimbali ezithathelwanayo kumele zisuswe.
4. Uma i-whitefly ithintekile, izimbali ziphathwa nge-pesticides, noma kunjalo, i-aktar.
5. Ngokumelene ne-slugs kanye nezinkila ungabeka amabhodi amancane, indwangu ebanzi, ama-halves amazambane noma ama-apula eduze kwamarigolds. Ama-slugs abuthana ngaphansi kwawo futhi angabhujiswa.

   Lapho i-slugs ivela, inhlabathi ezungeze izitshalo ifafazwe ngomlotha kanye ne-lime. Izihlahla zifuthwe ngokumiswa kwesinaphi.

6. Ukuvimbela ama-thrips kungase kube ukuvimbela.
7. Ukuqeda izibungu izimbali zifakwe ngamakhemikhali.
8. Ukususa isitshalo se-aphid sinisela ngamanzi aqinile. Futhi kangangokuba akazange abuyele, aphathwe nama-chemical agents.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma uChernobrivtsy efa?

Yini okufanele yenziwe lapho ama-marigolds ephela ngokuphelele? Uma kukhona isifo esishaya izimbali futhi ziyafa, zisuswa futhi, uma kwenzeka isifo esiqhubekayo, Izitshalo eziseduze zifakelwa kwenye indawo enhlabathini entsha.

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela nokulawula

Ezimweni eziningi, izinambuzane zidlula ama-marigolds. Kuphela ukunakekelwa okungalungile okufanele basindise.

1. Inhlabathi akufanele ibe yimanzi.
2. Ezinsukwini ezishisayo badinga ukuchelela nsuku zonke. Ngezinye izikhathi bayanisela lapho inhlabathi idla.
3. Ukukhanya kwelanga kufanele kube okulinganayo (ntambama eshisayo, kungcono ukumboza nge-agrofilm).
4. Ukugqoka okuphezulu akukwenziwe okungaphezu kwesisodwa ngenyanga.
5. Umhlabathi kufanele ukhululeke futhi ukhula futhi ukhule.

Isiphetho

Phakathi kwalabo abathanda ukutshala izivande futhi basebenze ezindaweni ezindaweni ze-marigolds uhlobo oludumile kakhulu lwembali. Ziqhakaza lezi zindawo ngezimbali zazo. Lezi zimbali zivame ukutshala emaphethelweni emibhede, njengoba zivikela izitshalo eziseduze ezinambuzane. Marigold angenakuzithoba, kodwa udinga ukunakekelwa, njengokunakekela okungalungile bangagula, nakuba lokhu kwenzeka ezimweni ezingavamile.