Ubuhle be-Tender - i-cyclamen yasePheresiya. Ukunakekela ekhaya nokukhula

I-cyclamen yasePheresiya ivame ukukhulelwa njengendawo yokutshala emanzini nasendlini yokushisa. Amahlamvu alo okuhlobisa, izimbali ezikhanyayo ziye zaheha abalimi bembali isikhathi eside, ezingavimbeli ubunzima obuvela ekunakekeleni kwakhe.

Inzuzo engafaneleki yeCyclamen yasePheresiya yukuthi iqhuma ebusika, lapho kungekho izitshalo eziningi zezimbali. Ngokuvamile kuvame ukusetshenziswa isikhathi esisodwa, esifana nesixha, ngoba i-Persian cyclamen ibhekisela ezitshalweni ze-ephemeroid. Umjikelezo wayo wokuphila uhlukaniswe ngezikhathi ezimbili ezihlukene: ukuphumula, ukuhlala kuze kube yizinyanga ezingu-9, nokukhula nokucubungula, ukuqhubeka nonyaka wonke.

Ukubonakala kwesitshalo nokubonakala kwayo ngesithombe

I-Cyclamen yasePheresiya, eyaziwa ngabalimi bezimbali njenge-Alpine violet, i-Dryakva - izimpande zomshoshaphansi ezingapheli ezivela emndenini we-Cyclamen womndeni wakwaMarcin (ngokwezinye izigaba ze-botanical - Primrose).

Ngezansi uzobona isithombe se-Cyclamen Persian:

Umsuka

Izwe lakuleli sitshalo libizwa ngokuthi i-Eastern Mediterranean, kodwa indawo yokusabalalisa kwayo ikhulu kakhulu futhi ihlanganisa - eNyakatho Nase-Afrika, eMpumalanga Ephakathi, eSpain nase-Ukraine.

Isizinda semlando

Owokuqala waqala ukukhula uCyclamen wasePheresiya emizini nasemasimini abo aseRoma, okuyinto ekhokhelwa ukusatshalaliswa kwayo njengesitshalo saseYurophu. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobo zawo, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zebunjwa nobukhulu, ezisetshenziswe ngempumelelo emahhovisi, amadijithi asebusika, izindawo zokuhlala, zakhiwe.

Uma ukufakelwa kabusha nokunakekela i-cyclamen, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe - izilimo eziyizilimo eziyizigaxa, izimbali kanye nezimbali zomhlanga zinobuthi. Gcina izilimo eziyizigaxa ezingenakubalwa kwezingane nezilwane ezifuywayo..

Incazelo ye-botanical

Ukuphakama kwe-cyclamen yasePheresiya kufinyelela ku-30 ​​cm, nakuba insimu encane (kufika ku-15 cm) nezinhlobo eziphakathi (20 kuya ku-20 cm) nezinhlobo zemvelo ziyaziwa.

Izilimo eziyizigaxa zihlanganiswe-zifakwe (4-15 cm ububanzi) ezinephuzu elilodwa lokukhula. I-radical iqoqwe emaqabungqenqenqenqenqenqenqenqenqenqenqenqenqenqenqenqenqenqenqemeni e-rosette enobubanzi obufinyelela ku-14 cm, ephethe isikhumba esinamathele esihlahleni esinomzimba esinama-petioles abomvu, abomvu-aluhlaza. Imifudlana enemibala e-Silver, eyenza iphethini enhle kakhulu, inika umphumela okhethekile wokuhlobisa amaqabunga amnyama noma ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Izimbali zobulili bobulili bobulili bomzimba ziyakhanya, ezinhlanu zikhomba, ezinhlobonhlobo zezintambo ezinamakhaza, amakhulu (kuze kube ngu-5 cm), ziqhakaza ngezinyawo ezide (15-20 cm). I-petal ephansi iphindwe emuva, iveza imbali kufana nesigqabha. Imibala iyahlukahluka - yonke imibala emhlophe, i-pink, i-lilac, ebomvu, i-burgundy, i-purple, i-purple, i-lilac. Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali kwesitshalo esisodwa singaqhakaza izimbali eziyikhulu.

Izimbali zenzeka ngesikhathi sekwindla nobusika futhi, kuye ngokuthi izihlobo nezimo zokuboshwa, zihlala ezinsukwini ezingu-10 kuya ezinyangeni eziningana. I-cyclamen yasePheresiya ibhekisela ezitshalweni njenge-ephemeroids, ukwehlisa amahlamvu nokuziqhenya ngemuva kokuqhakaza.

Ngokunakekelwa kahle, lesi sitshalo singahlala ekhaya iminyaka engu-20-25.

Izimo zokuboshwa

Ukulima ngokuphumelelayo kwe-cyclamen yasePheresiya kuncike ekunameni kwemithetho yesondlo. Okokuqala, kudingeka ukhethe kahle imbali esitolo.

• Ukuthenga. Kungcono ukuthenga i-cyclamen ngenkathi yokuhluma. Izimbali eziningi zikhona esitshalweni, ngcono.

  Emakhaleni enempilo, amaqabunga anemibala eluhlaza eluhlaza, ngaphandle komonakalo, ngejika elihle. Ama-peduncles aqinile, ahlangene phezulu.

  Izilimo eziyizigaxa kufanele ziqhubekele emhlabathini ngesigamu. Phakathi nendawo yembali akufanele kube ukuhlunga okumpunga, okubonisa ukunqotshwa kwe-gray gray.

• Indawo nokukhanyisa. Okuhle kunakho konke, i-cyclamen yasePheresiya izwa emakamelweni apholile emafasitela efasitela amafasitela aqondiswe empumalanga noma entshonalanga. Ukukhanya kukhanyiswa okukhanyayo, kodwa kwahlukaniswa. Ilanga eliqondile lingabangela ukushisa emaqabunga. Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya, amaqabunga aqala ukuphuzi futhi abune.
• Ukushisa. Ngokuba eside cyclamen zezimbali zidinga ukupholisa. Ukushisa kwelanga phakathi kuka 12-16 ° C, ebusuku + 10 ° C. Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngaphezu kuka-20 ° C, lesi sitshalo siqala ukulungiselela isikhathi sokuphumula - ukulahla umbala, amaqabunga aqala ukuphenduka aphule.

  Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-cyclamen ayibekezelelani izinguquko ezisheshayo ekushiseni nasezingxenyeni. Phakathi nesikhathi sokuphumula, lesi sitshalo sigcinwa ekamelweni elinokushisa okuhlala njalo ngo 12-25 ° C.

• Umswakama kanye nekhwalithi yomoya. I-cyclamen yasePheresiya idinga izinga eliphakeme noma eliphakathi lomswakama. Ukuze ulondoloze isibonakaliso esihle, umoya ozungeze lesi sitshalo uhlanzwa njalo, uzama ukungawa phezu kwezimbali, futhi ibhodlela lifakwe emgodini ogcwele amatshe amakhulu (udaka olwandisiwe).
  I-Cyclamen ayibekezelele umoya ongcolisayo, umusi wocuba. Udinga ukufinyelela njalo emoyeni omusha, ngakho ikamelo livame ukungena umoya ngaphandle kokudala uhlaka, futhi izimbiza ngezimbali zibekwe kude kakhulu kunomunye nomunye.

  Ukuze uthuthukise inqubo ye-photosynthesis, uthuli oluvela emaqabungeni lususwa ngebhashishi elithambile.

• Umhlaba. Ukuxuba okulungiselelwe izitshalo ezinobuthi, ingxube yensimu evundile engadini enesihlabathi, inhlanganisela yomhlaba oqhekekileyo (izingxenye ezintathu) futhi ithathe ingxenye eyodwa ye-humus, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat iyofaneleka njengokuxuba kwenhlabathi.
• Ukunisela. Esikhathini 'sokuvuka' - ifanisha, ngokulinganisela, njalo (njalo ngosuku). Inhlabathi akufanele iphoqeleke noma igxilwe ngaphezulu.

  Kungcono ukubeka ibhodlela ngembali imizuzu engu-15-20 epanini eligcwele amanzi ahlelekile ekamelweni lokushisa, noma ubeke kahle umhlabathi oseduze kombhodlela, ugweme amanzi ukuba athole izilimo eziyizigaxa kanye ne-rosette yeshidi.

  Phakathi nesikhathi sokuphumula, ukuchelela kunciphisa kube kanye ngesonto noma kumiswe ngokuphelele. Lapho kuqala ukukhula kwamaqabunga amasha, imvamisa yokuphuza ikhula kancane kancane.

• Ukugqoka okuphezulu. I-Cyclamen isabela kumanyolo, umanyolo usetshenziswa:
  1. Izinsuku ezingu-20 emva kokutshala (ukufakelwa);
  2. ngesikhathi kuvuselelwa amaqabunga amasha, njalo njalo emva kwezinsuku eziyi-10-14;
  3. Ngesikhathi sokuhluma nokucubungula, umquba omuncu onomqondo ophezulu we-phosphorus usetshenziswa njalo emavikini amabili.

Ukunakekelwa ekhaya

Ungayinakekela kanjani ekhaya? Uma umnakekela, imininingwane eqondene nokujikeleza kwakhe kufanele ihlolwe - ukuba khona kwesigaba sokukhula okusebenzayo (ukuchichima) kanye nesikhathi esibi kakhulu.

Phakathi nesigaba sokuphumula

Ngemuva kokuphela kwesigaba sokukhula esisebenzayo, izimbali ezinamaphiko zisuswe ngokucophelela esitshalweni.. Ukuhlwanyela akufanelekile, kungalimaza isitshalo. Izimbali zishintsha kancane kancane phansi kwenhlangano ebukhali. Amaqabunga angaboni, ukuze angalimazi i-tuber, awela phansi ngokwawo. Ukuphuza kancane kancane kufinyelelwa kancane.

Ngesinye isikhathi ebhodweni elilodwa le-tuber kungaba:

1. Thatha ibhodlela nge-cyclamen ensimini noma ebhaleni, uyibeke endaweni emnyama, ngezikhathi ezithile ukuphuza ukuvimbela umhlaba u-coma ekumeni. Ngo-Agasti-Septemba, lesi sitshalo sibuyiselwa endaweni yaso yasekuqaleni bese sandisa inani lamanzi.
2. Dweba i-tuber, gcoba iphepha elimnyama bese ufaka ebhokisini lemifino efrijini kuze kufike ekwindla. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, i-tuber "ekheniwe" iyathathwa futhi itshalwe.
3. Ukunisela kuyanciphisa kancane kancane, kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphela. Ngemuva kokuwa kweqabunga lokugcina, ibhodlela le-tuber esele libekwe eceleni. NgoJulayi no-Agasti, lesi sitshalo sishintshwa kabusha, ukuphuzisa ukuqhubeka.

Ngokunakekelwa kahle, i-cyclamen iqhuma futhi ezinyangeni ezingu-2-3.

Ukufakelwa

Ngesikhathi sokuqala kokuphindwa kwamaqabunga amasha, kuyadingeka ukufakelwa isitshalo. I-algorithm yokufakelwa ilula:

1. Kukhethwa ibhodlela elibanzi elingu-2-3 cm elikhulu kunomkhawulo. Esigodini esikhulu kakhulu, lesi sitshalo sinemifino embalwa, izimbali ziba zincane kakhulu futhi zihlala isikhathi eside.
2. Uhlaka lokudonsa amanzi kanye nenhlanganisela yenhlabathi elungisiwe kuthululwa ebhodweni.
3. I-rhizome ivuliwe ngokucophelela, umhlabathi uyagudluzwa, ushiye ingxenye kwi-tuber. I-tuber 2/3 yembelwa emhlabathini.
4. Emva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo, ngaphambi kokuqala kwezimbali, izimila eziyinkimbinkimbi zamaminerali zezimila zezimbali ziyasetshenziswa kabili ngenyanga.

Izifo ezivamile nezilokazane

I-cyclamen yasePheresiya ihlushwa isikhunta segrey kanye ne-fusarium wilt. Kusuka kuFusarium, lesi sitshalo sinisela nge-0.1% ye-Readzole futhi siphofwe nge-Topsin-M amahlamvu. Uma izimpawu zokubola ezibomvu zitholakala, kusetshenziselwa i-fungicides yesistimu.

Lapho kuhlaselwa izinambuzane, izinambuzane (izibungu ezibomvu zesicabucabu, ama-cyclamen, ama-aphid, ama-thrips, izintuthwane zezindlovu, izinambuzane ezincane) zisebenzisa i-acaricides nezinambuzane (amaFitoferms, Aktellik, Aktar).

Ukuzala

Ama-cyclamens amaningi kunamanje ayizinhlamvu.. Uma ukhula kusuka kumbewu, izici ze-varietal zilahlekile, lesi sitshalo siba sibi, umsebenzi kanye nobude bezimbali buyancipha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlela yokumisa umzimba iyinkimbinkimbi. Okokuqala, lesi sitshalo siyimpova, ngakho-ke imbewu iqoqwa, iyalinganiswa, ilandelwa, ihlwanyelwe izithombo. Izithombo nazo zishayela, zondla, zikhuni futhi zitshala kuphela. Isitshalo esitholakala imbewu, i-blooms hhayi ngaphambi konyaka, noma ngisho nambili.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-tuber futhi akunikezi imiphumela emihle. Ngokuvamile, i-tuber ithinta isikhunta esiyimfucu futhi isitshalo siyashona. Indlela elula ukuthenga imbewu, izilimo eziyizigaxa noma isitshalo esisha esitolo.

Izimbali ezifanayo

I-cyclamen yasePheresiya ifana nabanye abamele uhlobo lwayo (i-Afrika, inhle, i-Balearic, i-Cypriot, i-Greek, i-Colchian, i-Lebanese, i-Ivy, isimanga, i-Turkish, isi-Somali). Noma kunjalo, ngokuvamile kuvame ukudideka nge-purple (European) cyclamen. Indlela elula yokuhlukanisa lezi zilwane ezimbili ngamaqabunga ukuthi ezinhlotsheni zaseYurophu ohlangothini oluphansi lweqabunga leqabunga libomvu ngombala. I-cyclamen yaseYurophu ayichithi amaqabunga ayo futhi ayifuni isimo sokuphumula..

Ifana kakhulu ne-Persian cyclamen yelinye ilungu lomndeni wakwa-Primula - i-dodecateon. Iinezimbali ezincane kakhulu ezincane ezine-inflorescences ezinamapulanka aqoshiwe kuma-peduncles aphezulu. I-dodecateon, ngokungafani ne-cyclamen yasePheresiya, i-blooms ehlobo.

Njenge-cyclamen yasePheresiya, ngesikhathi sasebusika hyacinths no-Uzumbar violets bloom. Izimbali ezinye ze-hyacinths ne-Uzumbar violets zifana nezimbali ze-cyclamen.

Abalimi abaningi bembali babheka i-cyclamen isitshalo esingenasiphelo sasePheresiya. Nokho, ukumnakekela akuyona inzima kakhulu. Abathandi balima emafasiteleni abo amadizadidi wonke lalezi zitshalo, bajabulisa iso ebusika obude.