Ukuhlwanyela kanjani futhi nini ukuhlwanyela insimu yezithelo, kanye nalokho okudingayo ukwazi ngokuzala nokukhathalela?

I-primula isitshalo esidinga ukuhlala nokufakelwa kabusha. Lokhu kwenziwa ngenxa yokuthi ngemuva kweminyaka eminingana ukuchithwa komhlaba kunokwenzeka endaweni yokukhula kwayo. Lokhu kwenziwa futhi ngenhloso yokukhiqiza nokuvuselelwa.

Ngokuqhubekayo sizokhuluma ngezici ezikhethekile zokukhiqiza imbali ngokuhlukanisa amahlathi kanye namaqabunga. Uzofunda ngokutshala isitshalo seJalimane ngo-Mashi 8 endaweni yokushisa noma endaweni evulekile, nokuthi uzohlukanisa kanjani i-primula, nokuthi uyayikhathalela kanjani futhi nini. Ungabuye ubuke ividiyo ewusizo ngalesi sihloko.

Ngesikhathi sokutshala isitshalo sensimu?

Ukulungiswa kokuhlala kuqaliswa lapho kuvela izimo ezinjalo:

• Isayithi iba isikhala esincane kakhulu sezihlahla eziningi.
• Izimbali zincane kakhulu futhi isikhathi sokubhakabhaka sehlile.
• Iningi lezimpande lalingenalutho futhi ngenxa yalokhu kwandisa ingozi yokufa kwesitshalo ngesikhathi sezulu ebanda.

Kanjani ukukwenza kahle?

Ukutshala izimbali kukhetha i-overcast futhi hhayi usuku olushisayo.. Bese uqhubeka nenqubo ngokwayo ukufakelwa i-primrose ngokuhambisana nazo zonke izimo nezidingo.

Ukukhetha indawo

Ama-slides alpine nemibhede yemifino izolingana; ama-primroses azovinjelwa izitshalo eziphakeme kusukela elangeni. Uma zitshalwe ngokwahlukana, bese ukhetha indawo evulekile eduze nezihlahla noma izihlahla eziphansi. Uma kukhona inqolobane, kungcono ukuyitshala eduze kwayo

Umhlabathi kanye namanyolo

Ukuze ukulima kwe-primrose kulungiselele inhlabathi endaweni yokufika kwayo. Lezi zimbali zithanda inhlabathi enomhlabathi ekhanyayo, elula futhi evulekile. Uma umhlaba endaweni elula, kodwa kakhulu kakhulu, ingxube yebhakede yesihlabathi, i-peat moss echotshoziwe, i-vermiculite ne-2 kg yomquba ifakwe emitha yemitha engama-1.

Umquba ungashintshwa yi-silage ebolile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, susa kusuka phezulu cishe ngamasentimitha angu-20 emhlabeni bese ushintsha ingxube elungiselelwe. Unyaka kamuva, umanyolo we-potash-phosphate usetshenziswe enhlabathini.

Uma utshala enhlabathini elula, kunenkinga yokuqukethwe okwanele komsoco kuwo. Ukuze izitshalo zikhule ngendlela evamile, umhlaba kumele ukhule..

Ngalokhu, ingxube elandelayo inconywa ngamamitha ayi-1 yendawo:

• 5 kg we-humus;
• 10 kg wezwe elimibala noma umquba;
• 5 kg we-peat;
• 15 amagremu we-nitrogen fertilizer;
• 20 amagremu we-phosphate-potash fertilizer.

Ngaphandle kokufakelwa kokutshala ngaphambilini, izinsuku ezingu-8-10 emva kokutshala, isisombululo sezimila eziyinkimbinkimbi sitholwa ngesilinganiso semitha ngayinye ilitha lamanzi.

Ukulungiselela

Khona-ke udinga ukulungisa umhlaba wokutshala imbali:

1. Masinyane ngaphambi kokuhlala, amahlathi aphuziswa kahle futhi agonywe.
2. Kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka, gxuma umhlabathi kusukela ezimpandeni, ususe ukhula uhlanza ebhakede lamanzi.
3. Izihlahla ezilungiselelwe zigoqiwe emthunzini futhi zimbozwe nge-sacking emanzi ngaphambi kokutshala.
4. Khona-ke emithonjeni yomhlabathi yokutshala.
5. Ibanga eliphakathi kwehlathini kusuka ku-10 kuya ku-15 cm ngezinhlobo ezincane kanye no-30 cm ngezinkulu.

Kubalulekile: Uma kunesidingo, hlela ibanga phakathi kwehlathi ukuze uhlelo lwempande lube lukhulu kakhulu, oluhlanganiswe ngokuphelele ngamaqabunga olusuka ilanga eliqondile futhi luvimbele inhlabathi ukuthi ingawomile.

Ukunisela nokuswakama

1. Ngaphambi kokutshala, amanzi athululelwa emithonjeni futhi kulindeleke ukuba ilandwe, emva kwalokho i-300 ml yesisombululo ichithelwa emthonjeni ngamunye ukuze kuphuthume ukukhula kwezimpande.
2. Khona-ke izitshalo zitshalwe futhi zanisela kakhulu.
3. Ngemuva kokutshala, yenza ukuphuza nsuku zonke amasonto amabili. Inani elilinganiselwe lamanzi ngamamitha ayi-1 square lilinganiselwa ku-3 amalitha amanzi.

Ukuze uthole imithi emva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo, umswakama ovamile kodwa olinganiselayo ubaluleke kakhulu.. Ukuze ulondoloze, inhlabathi ewazungezile kufanele ihlale ikhulula futhi isuse ukhula. Zibuye zisebenzise izinto ezivamile: izinhlamvu eziwile, izinaliti, i-sawdust, umquba womquba, noma i-gravel emihle, emgqeni wamasentimitha angu-5. Emoyeni eshisayo nesomile, izivande ezinkulu ezinama-moss omanzi zibekwa eceleni kwama-primroses.

Ukushisa

Ukuze uhlale phansi, khetha isikhathi lapho izinga lokushisa lansuku zonke lishintsha phakathi kwama-12 kuya kwangu-15 degrees. Ezimweni ezishisayo, inqubo ye-rooting iyancipha, okuyinto futhi eyandisa ingozi yokufa kwehlathi uma iqhwa livela.

Izici zokukhula

Nakuba isitshalo se-primrose singenakuzithoba, kodwa ekulimeni kwayo kukhona ama-nuances kanye nezici ezithile.

Ngo-Mashi 8 ku-greenhouse

Ukukhulela ezindlini zokugcina izithombo sebenzisa ama-shrub delenki noma izithombo ze-biennial. Zibumbwe phansi ngaphambi kokuqala kweqhwa, futhi ndawonye ne-clod yomhlaba zitshalwe emabhokisini akhethekile noma ezimbizeni. Khona-ke zigcinwa endaweni epholile, isibonelo endaweni yokushisa enamagatsha noma endaweni engaphansi.

Phakathi nalesi sikhathi sonyaka, ukunakekelwa kwe-primrose ukuhlinzeka ngamazinga aphansi okushisa ama-5 kuya ku-8 degrees. Uma izimbali zifudumele futhi kukhona ukukhanyisa okuhle, khona-ke bayokwakha masinyane ubukhulu obuhlaza. Lokhu kunomthelela omubi ekwakheni imifino efihlekile. Lezi zitshalo ziqhakaza kabi futhi kamuva kunesikhathi esinqunyiwe. Ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka akufanele baphuze.

Enyangeni yokugcina yasebusika, i-primula idluliselwa endaweni enokukhanyisa okuhle kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu, angaba ngu-18 degrees. Ngalesi sikhathi, izimbali zibuyisela kancane kancane ukuchelela. Uma izitshalo zinikezwa ngokunakekelwa kahle futhi zanikezwa izinkomba zokushisa ezifanele ze-12-15 degrees, khona-ke zizoqhakaza kakhulu futhi isikhathi eside.

Emhlabathini ovulekile

Njengoba abaningi abalimi bembali bethi, ukuthobeka okungaqondile ngokuphelele ekukhuleni. Kwanele nje ukumondla ngamanyolo ngesikhathi futhi ubheke umbuso nemithetho yokunisela.

Umanyolo kanye nama-humus

1. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuba iqhwa licibilike phansi, umanyolo obuncithakalo obuncithakalo, obandakanya i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium, kumthamo we-10-20 amagremu ku-1 sq. Emasontweni amabili kamuva, ukuze kuvuselele izimbali, i-superphosphate isungulwa emvuthweni ofanayo.
2. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-12 kuya kwezingu-15 emva kokuvela kwezimbali, yondla isixazululo se-mullein ukuvuselela ibhukhimakhi emva kokuhlelwa kwembali. Ingxenye yomanyolo ezinxenyeni ezingu-10 zamanzi, ingxenye engama-litre ngesitshalo ngasinye.
3. Cishe phakathi kuka-Agasti, ukwandisa ukumelana okubandayo, badla ama-phosphate nama-potash fertilizer, ama-15-20 amagremu ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi.

I-humus yamashidi isetshenziswa njengomanyolo ophilayo.. Yenza ngokuvumelana nalolu hlelo:

1. Ngasekupheleni kwekwindla, baqoqa amaqabunga awile bese bebeka opaque, ikakhulukazi amasaka, amaplastiki, asele ezinyangeni ezingu-9 kuya kwezingu-12 ekamelweni elingenalutho.
2. Emva kwalesi sikhathi, amaqabunga ayachotshozwa futhi asetshenziswe enhlabathini.

Uma kungenakwenzeka ukusika amaqabunga, isikhathi sokuhlala kwabo ephaketheni senyukela ekuzihlukaniseni ngokwawo zibe yizicucu ezincane.

Ukuzijabulisa

Ukuthuthukiswa okuvamile kudinga inhlabathi njalo emanzi.. Ekutheni kwentwasahlobo kwenziwa cishe kanye ngesonto. Ezikhathini ezishisayo, ukuchelela kuyenziwa kanye njalo emva kwezinsuku ezintathu, besebenzisa u-3 amalitha amanzi ngalunye imitha eyi-1. Endabeni yokuphuza ihlobo ehlobo kakhulu yenziwa nsuku zonke.

Yini okufanele uyenze ngemuva kokusila?

Emva kokuphela kwezimbali nokuvuthwa kwembewu, inhlabathi eduze kwezitshalo ikhululiwe kahle futhi wonke ukhula ususwe. Sika zonke izimbali ezomile bese uqoqa imbewu.

I-rosette yamaphepha ayithinti kuze kube sekupheleni kwekwindla. Uma kunqunywe kakhulu kakhulu, ukuvuna okuzayo ngonyaka kuzobe kuncane kakhulu, futhi izimbali ngokwazo zincane futhi zibuthakathaka. Ngemuva kokudubula ama-rosettes, izimbali zimbozwe ngamaqabunga owomile ukuze zivikele ukulwa nesithwathwa..

Sakhuluma ngobuqili bokunakekelwa kwe-primrose ekwindla lapha, futhi kulesi sihloko uzofunda ngemithetho yokulungiselela isitshalo ebusika.

Ukuzala

Ngaphandle kokusakazwa kwembewu ye-primrose, abalimi abaningi batusa ukulikhiqiza ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla samahlathi noma amaqabunga.

Uhlukanisa isihlahla

1. Ngaphambi kokuqala kokuhlukaniswa, izihlahla zezitshalo ziphuziswa kahle.
2. Bese bemba, banjiswa emhlabathini bese bageza ngamanzi.
3. Ciza, ungakhukhuniswanga nge-umese uhlukanise isihlahla samama zibe izingxenye, ngamunye kufanele abe nama-1 - 2 amafihlethi, futhi aphathe isigaba ngasinye ngomlotha, amalahle noma isulfure.
4. Enkambeni yokuhlukanisa qiniseka ukuthi izakhiwo azomisiwe.

Lesi sigaba senziwa emthunzini ukuvimbela ukutholakala kwezitshalo ukukhanya kwelanga kanye nokuma kwazo. Okulandelayo, yenza ukufika, njengokuchazwe ngenhla. Uma ukutshala sekuphelile, khona-ke ama-primroses kufanele ahlanganiswe ngamagatsha asomile..

Sincoma ukubukela ividiyo mayelana nokuzalana kokuqala ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla:

Leaf

Izinhlobo eziningi ze-primrose zingasakazwa yiqabunga. Le nqubo ifana nokukhiqizwa kwama-violets:

1. Ngommese okhaliphile noma umlenze, unqume ngokucophelela iqabunga eliphilile, elinamandla kusuka phakathi kwesiketshezi.
2. Indawo enqunyiwe ingasetshenziswa igciwane lesandulela ngculazi futhi livumele ukuthi lilale phansi imizuzu engu-30.
3. Bese ubhapathizwa emanzini abilisiwe bese ulindele ukwakheka kwezimpande ngokubunjwa kokuqala kwelokutshala, bese utshalwe ukutshala esihlabathini esinyene.

Ibhodi: Kungenzeka ukuthi uhlele iqabunga le-primrose ngemuva kokusika ngokushesha emhlabathini omanzi.

Izifo ezingenzeka futhi ukwelashwa kwazo

Ngemuva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo, yonke imithombo yezitshalo iya kwinkqubo yokuqothula. ngakho-ke kukhona okungenzeka izifo ezilandelayo:

• ukubola kwezitshalo kanye ne-collar root;
• ukugqwala;
• umgqomo omhlophe;
• indawo yamaqabunga ebhaktheriya;
• i-anthracnose;
• isikhumba se-powdery;
• i-jaundice;
• umklami wekhakhamba.

Wonke amahlamvu ashintshiwe asuswe futhi ashiswa. Khona-ke izingxenye ezisele zezitshalo ziphathwa nge-fungicides: i-Fudazole, i-Topxin, i-Zineb. Ukwengeza batusa ukuphalaza isisombululo sethusi sulfate noma i-Bordeaux utshwala.

Sebenzisa kumklamo we-landscape

I-primrose ekhangayo kunazo zonke, etshalwe ngenhloso yokuhlobisa isikhala emabhange amachibi okufakelwa futhi eduze nemithombo. Ngokuvame ukusetshenziswa ukugqamisa amathrekhi nemingcele. Ngenxa yemvelaphi yayo, iyingxenye yamagquma ase-alpine nama-Rockeries ngaphansi kwezihlahla ze-coniferous. Ngokuvamile, ama-primroses atshalwe ezindaweni ezithuthukisiwe kakhulu zezitidi nemibhede yezimbali..

Izakhiwo eziwusizo, izincomo zokusetshenziswa nokuphikisana

Zonke izingxenye ze-primrose zinempahla ephawulekayo yokuphulukisa. Amalungiselelo avela kuwo athuthukisa ukuchama, ukuxosha, ukujuluka. Bane-antispasmodic, analgesic kanye ne-tonic effect kuwo wonke umzimba womuntu. Imithi ye-Primrose ingabili ithole futhi ikhulume.

Kunconywa ukuthi:

• ukukhwehlela komdala;
• i-bronchitis;
• i-pneumonia;
• ukukhwehlela ukukhwehlela;
• ukushisa;
• ikhala eligijima;
• ikhanda;
• i-rheumatism;
• ukuphazamiseka kokulala nokudla;
• ukwehla ngokujwayelekile ekuzivikelweni.

Amalungiselelo e-Primrose ayavunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ngabantu abanezilonda zamapulisi nganoma imuphi umsuka. futhi ngokungahambisani nomuntu nezidakamizwa. Kuvinjelwe ngokungafanele ukusebenzisa lezi zidakamizwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, futhi ikakhulukazi ku-trimester yokuqala. Zingabangela ukuchotshozwa kwesibeletho, okuvame ukuholela ekukhulelweni kwesisu.

Isiphetho

Manje uyazi ukuthi ungasakaza kanjani futhi ukhule umklomelo. Ukuqaphela zonke izimo zokuhlala phansi, abalimi bezimbali abatholi kuphela izihlahla ezintsha zezitshalo, kodwa futhi bavuselela izihlahla ezindala. Kubuye kubalulekile ukuhlwanyela i-primula ukuze ugweme ukucima ngokweqile kwenhlabathi ngaphansi kwayo. Futhi-ke, abayikugodli ukuqala kabusha kwendlela yokwenza imithi yendabuko kuyo.