Iyini i-substrate futhi iyiphi enye engcono kakhulu yama-orchids?

I-orchid exotic isanda kubonakala emashalofini asezindaweni zensimu kanye nezitolo zembali. Futhi ngokushesha yaba umbala odumile futhi owawufunwa ngaphakathi. Izimbali ezizwakalayo nomusa zathandeka abaningi abalimi bezimbali.

Isici esibalulekile ekunakekeleni isitshalo yizinto ezikhethiwe kahle zokutshala, uhlobo lwalo, ukuthungwa. Kulokhu kuncike empilweni nasekuthuthukiseni i-orchid. Kulesi sihloko esizokutshela. yiyiphi i-substrate engcono kakhulu kule mbali, lapho ungayithenga khona nokuthi ungayenza wena ekhaya. Ungabuye ubuke ividiyo ewusizo ngalesi sihloko.

Kuyini?

Ukuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi noma i-substrate iyinkimbinkimbi yezinto eziningi.. Izingxenye zengxube zingase zivele ezivela emvelweni nasemihle. Isisekelo sezinto ezingahleliwe zenziwe ngobumba, i-polystyrene fibers, izitini eziphukile, uboya bamaminerali.

Yini esetshenziselwa?

Ama-substrates alungile ahluke kumakhi, izindleko nenhloso yokusetshenziswa.. Kungenxa yenhlabathi ehlosiwe yenhloso yilezi:

• ngokuba izithombo ezikhulayo zezitshalo zemifino;
• ukugcina ubusika nokuhluma kwezilimo eziyizigaxa;
• ukutshala nokutshala izimbali zasendlini;
• Ukwengeza ukutshala izithelo zezithelo;
• ukuhluma inhlanzi.

Inhlabathi ehlanganisiwe isetshenziswa njengengxenye yokuvuselela inhlabathi endala emapulazini, ukuze igqoke phezulu kanye nokulala. Noma kungaba umxube ophelele wokutshala.

Izidingo

I-substrate kumele ihlangabezane nezidingo zama-orchid futhi ihambisane ne-microclimate yekamelo.. Uma umoya owomile kufanele uthathe inhlabathi enomswakama, futhi uhulumeni kufanele ahlolwe njalo. Uma ukuchithwa komhlabathi kuphawulwa, ke ubuyekeze ngokushesha.

Izidingo eziyisisekelo zokukhethwa kwe-substrate for flower exotic:

1. ukuphefumula, ukuqaliswa kwemisebenzi ebalulekile yezimpande kudinga oksijini;
2. ukukhanya, ukuphelelwa amandla, inhlabathi enzima izobeka ingcindezi ohlelweni lwempande, iwavimbele ukuba athuthuke ngokugcwele;
3. akukho ubuthi, kuyinto efiselekayo ukukhetha izinto eziphilayo, ezomvelo;
4. umswakama omuhle umthamo, i-percentage of humidity ekamelweni elinomuthi we-orchid, okunye okumele kube khona umswakama;
5. babe nenqubo ende yokuchithwa kwezingxenye;
6. ubuningi, inhlabathi kufanele ibe yinto engavumeleki ukuhlala kwamabhaktheriya namagciwane ezincane ze-pathogenic;
7. non-acidic pH 5.5-6.0.

Ukwakhiwa okulungile nokungalungile

Kubalulekile ukukhetha i-substrate, ngokugxila ngokucacile ezithakazelweni zezitshalo zasendlini. Izinhlobo ze-Epiphytic zidinga inhlabathi elula, ewomile ngokushesha, kanti izinhlobo zomhlaba zikhetha ukuthungatha, isithwathwa esithinta umswakama. Lokho kwenza konke umehluko.

Ukwakhiwa okulungile kwenhlanganisela yama-orchid:

• i-pine bark;
• umlotha;
• i-Moss;
• ikhasi lekhonta;
• umquba;
• i-peat;
• i-perlite;
• i-humus;
• umhlabathi ohlaza.

Izithako zokugcina eziyisihlanu zisetshenziselwa izinhlobo zemvelo. Ukubunjwa okungalungile kuqoqwe ngeso, kuqukethe inhlabathi yensimu futhi kuhlotshaniswa nezithako eziningi. Mhlawumbe, ngemuva kokuba i-orchid enjalo ingabuyiselwa kabusha.

Thenga ngomumo noma uziphephe?

Ekuboneni kokuqala, indlela elula yokuya esitolo segadini futhi uthenge inhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo we-orchids. Noma kunjalo, kunezinkinga. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo zangaphandle, futhi izidingo zomuntu ngamunye ziyahluka kakhulu kwabanye. Uma, lapho uthengwa, uthola ukuthi i-substrate iqukethe i-moss noma ibuhlungu kune-peat, khona-ke kufanele ubheke izinto ongakwazi ukuzihlunga ngazo.

Eqinisweni, inhlabathi yekhwalithi yama-orchid kunzima ukuthola. Futhi uma beyithola, khona-ke izindleko zizobe zikhulu kakhulu. Okukhethwa kukho kulesi simo kungaba: ukuqoqa ngokuzenzekelayo izithako bese ulungisa ingxube. Lokhu kuzosindisa imali. Ikakhulukazi ngoba akukho lutho olulukhuni kulokhu, ukwazi izithako eziyisisekelo. Ungabathola ehlathini. Bonke baphuma edolobheni ngamapikiniki noma baya ehlathini ngamakhowe. Ungakwazi ukuhlanganisa ibhizinisi ngenjabulo.

Lapho uzilungiselela ngokuzimela le substrate, kunezinye izimo eziningana. Uma kungenjalo wonke umuntu ufuna ukwenza lokhu, noma akekho isikhathi esithile, khona-ke kukhona okunye okukhethwa kukho okunye okunye okulandelayo - thengisa izingxenye ezidingekayo ze-substrate uphinde uhlanganise ngokulingana okulungile. Imikhiqizo emihle iyatholakala kumakhi "Gardens Auriki". Izakhi zivuthwe ngokweqile futhi zixiliswe ngokuphelele nge-disinfected.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi inhlabathi yokutshala ama-orchid kumele ibe ne-pH.

Incazelo yenhlabathi

Yiqiniso, ukuthola ikhwalithi, ekhethiwe ngamanani ahlukene we-substrate, ziphephe. Uma kungenjalo, qaphela lokhu okulandelayo: mix mix:

1. "I-Bio Start Effect" eyenziwe eRussia. Ingxube yenziwa kuphela ezivela emvelweni, izithako eziphilayo. Inhlabathi ihlelwe kahle, ubukhulu bezinhlamvu buyi-8-13 mm. I-substrate ayidingi i-disinfection, ilungele ukusetshenziswa ngokuphelele. Izindleko zokupakisha 2 amalitha yi-ruble 350.
2. "Izingadi Auriki" for orchid pros. Ingxube yomhlabathi iqukethe: izinkuni umlotha, amagxolo, ama-moss, ama-chips amakhukhunathi. Okunye okubandakanya i-biohumus, okuyilo mqulu ayizuzisi lesi sitshalo, kanti ibhakede inenani elilinganiselwe. Umthamo we-substrate uklanyelwe ibhodlela elinamandla okufinyelela ku-1.7 amalitha. Njengoba umsele ungasetshenziswa i-coconut fiber, etholakala kulesi kit. Izindleko zesethi yizinhlamvu eziyi-100.
3. "ISeramis" - ukutshala ingxube eyenzelwe ngqo ama-orchids. Ukwakheka kuqukethe ama-granules amakhulu we-udaka owandisiwe, i-pine bark kanye ne-micronutrients eyengeziwe. I-substrate inikeza ukushintshwa kwe-air edingekayo, ukukhuthaza ukukhula okukhuthele, kugcina ukulinganisela kwamanzi. Inani lama-ruble angu-950. Okuqukethwe kwenhlabathi ephaketheni 2.5 amalitha.

Indlela yokuthuthukisa ithungiwe?

Ukuze ugweme lo mphumela abalimi abanolwazi bayelulekwa ukuba bahlunge inhlabathi ngesisindo esikhulu noma colander ngezimbobo ezinkulu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko ukususa i-peat excess. Khona-ke siletha ingxube esimweni esihle, siyihlwitha nge-pine bark, moss, kanye nomuthi wokhuni. Futhi kakade kuleli fomu i-substrate ilungele ukusetshenziswa.

Indlela yokusebenzisa ingxenye ye-substrate?

Njengoba sekuphawuliwe, inhlabathi yama-orchid kufanele ihlelwe ngokulingana kwezinga ngalinye ngalinye.

I-epiphytic

Lezi zinhlobo zihlanganisa izinhlobo ezilandelayo: dendrobium, zygopetalum, phalaenopsis, cambria, lykasta, masdevalli, cattley. Kubo, izinga lokudla okunomsoco lomhlabathi lingabhekwa ngemuva. Isithako esiyinhloko yi-pine bark, esinika ukukhanya kwe-substrate, ukuphefumula, kungabambi umswakama..

Futhi izingxenye ezisele zihlinzeka inhlabathi ngezinto ezengeziwe, kodwa ezilinganayo ezibalulekile.

I-substrate ye-epiphytes ilungiselelwe kanje:

1. Chofoza kuqala imbiza kanye nazo zonke izingxenye ezidingekayo. Ukunqothula kusengaphambili, uma kunesidingo.
2. Emgodini wepulasitiki komunye ubeka ungqimba lwamanzi cishe ububanzi obuyi-3 cm.
3. Silinganisa izithako, ukuhlonipha ubukhulu, nokuxuba.
4. Ingxube elandelwayo ithululelwa embizeni.

Ngomhlabathi

Ngokungafani ne-epiphytes, ukukhetha izithombo zemifino, abameleli basemhlabathini badinga inhlabathi ehlukene kancane.. Kubo, umswakama kufanele ube mkhulu kakhulu, futhi inhlabathi iyindawo ekhudlwana.

Ukwakhiwa kwama-orchid omhlaba:

1. Hlanganisa ingxenye eyodwa yesihlahla samagxolo, i-sphagnum moss, umlotha.
2. Hlanganisa.
3. Ngemuva kokungeza ingxenye engu-½ engxenyeni ehlanganisiwe.
4. Hlanganisa.
5. Gcwalisa ibhodlela, ungakhohlwa ukubeka ngaphambi kokubeka ungqimba lwamanzi.

Zonke izingxenye kufanele zihlanjululwe ngaphambili, zihlanzwe, zifakwe i-disinfected, kanti i-peat kufanele ihambisane ne-pH efunayo.

Imiphumela yokusetshenziswa kanye nezixazululo

Kwenzeka ukuthi ubuhle obuhle buyeka ukuthuthukiswa kwawo, amaqabunga aphuzi ukuze ame, futhi ngesikhathi sezimbali izimbali azikhenyi futhi zincane. Lezi zinkinga zingase zibe umphumela wokukhetha okungafundiwe kwento noma ingxenye engalungile. Uma umswakama ungabanjwanga isikhathi eside, inhlabathi imanzi isikhathi eside. Ama-orchids awajabule kakhulu. Kufanele ufake i-pine bark nomlotha. Futhi uma isimo esingaphambene naso, lapho amanzi engahlali ebhodweni, engeza ama-moss kanye nezimpande ze-fern.

Futhi, imbangela ingase igugile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukubola kwenhlabathi, kuphelile, azikho izakhi. Ngakho-ke, njalo eminyakeni emithathu i-substrate kufanele ibuyekezwe.

Isiphetho

I-Orchid - imbali engenangqondo engavamile, evame ukufa. Futhi lokhu akusiyo njalo ngenxa yokungabi nalwazi komnikazi. Uma sithengisa ama-orchid okwenziwe ngomumo, siyaqiniseka ukuthi i-plant isivumelana nekhwalithi yayo. Kodwa kuvela okungalungile. I-substrate efanele kakhulu futhi eqinisekisiwe - ilungiselelwe ngezandla zakhe.