Dill - isitshalo sonyaka kuze kube ngu-125 cm ubude, isitshalo esingenalutho, amaqabunga amancane ashiya amaqabunga amaningi, izimbali zombala ophuzi zakha isambulela esiyinkimbinkimbi, ziqhakaza, zifake izithelo eziluhlaza obomvu - imbewu. I-Dill iyisitshalo esingenakuzithoba, kodwa ngokuvamile isithinteka yizifo ezihlukahlukene ezivimbela umlimi ukuba athole isivuno esihle semifino enomsindo. Mayelana nokuthi iziphi izifo ze-dill zivamile nokuthi zingabhekana kanjani nazo, lesi sihloko sizokutshela.
Ungasusa kanjani i-powdery isikhutha kusuka ku-dill
Umswakama we-Mealy uyisifo ogama lakhe u-Erysiphe umbelliferarum luyisihlungu sesikhunta, esibonakaliswa ngokuba khona kwezimhlophe ezimhlophe, okufana ne-webs, futhi kamuva isitshalo sinjengokuthi ifafazwe ngopuphu. Izimo ezinhle kakhulu zokuthuthukiswa komkhuhlane we-powdery yizinga lokushisa + 18 ... +20 ° C, futhi umswakama cishe u-70-80%. Emifinini ye-fennel ethintekile yilesi sifo, iphunga kanye nokunambitheka kuyawohloka. 
Izilonda zekhasi elilodwa zisusiwe esitshalweni. Umkhuhlane we-Powdery ususwe ku-dill ngokupuniza nge-chlorine dioxide, isisombululo esibuthakathaka sama-manganese noma ingxube ye-antibiotics - i-Terramycin, i-Penicillin ne-Streptomycin ngokulinganisela okulinganayo.
Kubalulekile! Ngokugwema uketshezi ngokweqile kwezwe emibhedeni yedill, izifo eziningi zemifino evundiwe zingagwenywa.
Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela ukutheleleka kwalesi sifo, i-dill ingaba impova nge-sulfure. Futhi ekwindla, kubalulekile ukususa izinsalela zezitshalo kusukela emibhedeni yembewu, ngoba izinhlamvu zaleli fungus zingasebenzisa ubusika lapho.
Indlela yokubhekana ne-downy isikhutha
I-Downy isikhutha (i-peronospora) yisifo esifana nezimpawu zangaphandle nge-powdery mildew. Uma kunombuzo othi kungani idayi iphenduka ephuzi emibhedeni, kudingeka ubheke isitshalo, kungenzeka ukuthi washaywa yi-peronosporosis. Ngemva kwesikhashana amaqabunga aphuzi abe mnqamuzana embala, i-bottomside yeqabunga ihlanganiswe nengqimba emhlophe yamanzi e-mushroom mycelium. Amaqabunga bese ehlumela kancane kancane asomile futhi abune, ukukhula kwesitshalo kuyancipha.
Ungasusa umuthi we-downy ukufafaza izitshalo ngesisombululo se-colloidal sulfuri (1%), kanye nokwakheka kwe-25 g we-soda ash, 20 g we-saphi nama-5 amalitha amanzi. Ukuze kuvikelwe lesi sifo, sebenzisa ukwelashwa kwezitshalo Bordeaux ingxube, okungenani ezimbili noma kathathu izikhathi.
Izimpawu ze-fomoz dill nokuphathwa kwabo
I-Phomosis ibangela i-fungus i-Phoma Anethi Sacc, echaphazela zonke izingxenye zomhlabathi we-dill, izimpande zingenakwenzeka ukuba zihlupheke. Ibonisa izindawo ze-fomoz ezimnyama ngamachashazi amnyama acacile. Ama-spores of the ukhunta asakaza kahle emoyeni ngosizo lwezinambuzane, futhi akwazi ukuphikelela emhlabathini, ukhula kanye nezinsalela ezitshaliwe zezitshalo. Amahlumela abathintekile ngokujulile ekunqunywe kwe-dill futhi asuswe kusayithi. Ungakwazi ukuqeda i-fomosis ngokusitshala isitshalo nge Bordeaux liquid ezinyathelweni eziningana kabili ngenyanga. Ukucubungula kufanele kwenziwe izinsuku ezingaphansi kwezinsuku ezingu-14 ngaphambi kokusika uhlaza bese uyidla ekudleni. Zonke izinsalela zezitshalo zinconywa ukuba zibhujiswe ekwindla.
Uyazi? I-dill itshalwe ezindaweni ezinomoya kahle ngokukhanya okwanele.
Amahlamvu eDill
I-Cercospora ibangela i-fungus i-Cercospora anethi, ngokunqotshwa kwesitshalo kanye namaqabunga e-dill afaka amabala omnyama noma amabala omnyama we-shape elongene. Kamuva, lapho izinhlamvu ze-fungus zivuthwa, isitshalo esithintekayo sigcwele ukugqama kombala okhanyayo. Kungenzeka ukuqeda ama-fescue amaqabunga e-dill ngokufiphala nge-oxychloride yethusi-20 g ngamanzi angu-5 l noma ngesisombululo se-1% se-Bordeaux ingxube.
Izindlela zokwelapha ze-Fusarium wilt
I-fusarium wilt ibangelwa isikhunta se-Fusarium. Ukwenzisana ngokweqile kubangelwa ukuchelela ngokweqile, ukufudumala kwenhlabathi, noma ukulimala ohlelweni lwempande yesitshalo; imbewu enesifo singase ibe yimbangela yalesi sifo. Lesi sifo sihlasela kuqala amaqabunga aphansi, khona-ke aphezulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amaqabunga nezitshalo ze-stem zibomvu futhi ziphuzi, futhi i-dill ngokwayo iqhuma. Uma nje nje nje, i-dill enempilo iphenduka iphuzi, khona-ke umbuzo okufanele ukwenze, impendulo eyodwa ukuyifiphaza ngokuphuthumayo nge "Fundazol" noma "Topsin", ngoba isigaba sokuqala sesifo siphumelele ngempumelelo. Isitshalo esithintekile kakhulu siyobhujiswa.
Kubalulekile! Ukuhluma okunamandla kunciphisa i-dill futhi kunomthelela ekwakhiweni kwezifo.
Izimbangela nokuphathwa kwe-verticillary wilting
I-verticillary wilt ibangela inhlama yomhlabathi Verticillium arbo-atrum. I-Verticillosis yisifo esibucayi, izinga lokushisa elingcono lokuthuthukiswa kwalo lingu-17 ... +22 ° C. Ukwelashwa kwenzeka ngezimpande zesitshalo noma umonakalo wayo yizilokazane. Isizathu saleso sifo singabuye sibe nenhlabathi enezinhlamvu zefungus, umquba noma umquba.
Ngemuva kokungena kwe-fungus, i-mycelium yayo igcwalisa izitsha zalesi sitshalo, lapho i-juice kanye nezakhi zithinta amaqabunga, ivimbela lokhu kusakazwa, ngemuva kwalokho i-dill iyafa futhi ifa. Ukwelashwa kwe-verticillary wilting kuhlanganisa ukuphalaza isitshalo nge "Fundazole" noma "Topsin". Izihlahla ezinama-dill ezithintekayo zibhubhisa. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, ungasebenzisa i-Previkur.
Okufanele ukwenze ngokugqwala kwidill
I-dill ezinyangeni zokuqala zasehlobo ijwayele ukugqwala, okuvela emaqabunga kanye namahlumela ngesimo sebala elibomvu elibomvu. Lahla ukugqwala ngokuphatha njalo isitshalo nge Bordeaux ingxube izikhathi ezintathu ngenyanga. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu ye-dill ingafakwa isikhathi esifushane emanzini ashisayo, ihlile emanzini abandayo, bese isomisiwe. Lokhu ukukhwabanisa kuzonciphisa amathuba okungcoliswa kwemifula ye-dill ne-rust.
Uyazi? Ukunciphisa ama-20 g wezinhlamvu ze-dill, okuphuzwa ngilazi yamanzi abilayo, udakiwe ebusuku, kuzokwenza ukuba kunqotshwe ukulele.
Umlenze womnyama omnyama: yini okufanele uyenze?
Umlenze omnyama ubonakala ekukhanyeni kwekhola yempande, eyanciphisa, iba mncane futhi ilula, futhi ngokushesha iqala ukubola. Isitshalo esithathelwanayo soma futhi sishabalale. Imbewu ethintekile, inhlabathi emanzi, ukuhluka okukhulu ekushiseni okuncane nokuntuleka kokukhanya kungabangela blackleg. Umlenze omnyama - isifo esivamile se-dill uma usukhulile, lesi sitshalo singaphulukiswa ngokuphalaza izidakamizwa "Readzol".
