Izimbali eziluhlaza emafasiteleni: izimfihlo zokulima nokuphumelela kwe-pelargonium

I-Pelargonium, ngenxa yezimbali zayo ezinhle kanye nemvelo engeyona ingenangqondo, ngokushesha yazuza ukuthandwa phakathi kwabathandi bembali futhi namuhla ihlobisa izindlu nezindawo eziningi.

Igama lesihlahla lihunyushwe ngokuthi "umlomo we-stork" ngenxa yezithelo ezifana nomlomo wale nyoni. Luhlobo luni lokunakekela i-pelargonium?

Incazelo kanye nomlando wesenzakalo

I-Pelargonium iyisitshalo esihlala isikhathi eside esihlala emndenini waseGeranium futhi silethwa eNingizimu Afrika siya eHolland bese siya eFrance naseNgilandi. Imbali ihambile, i-branched kancane futhi ifinyelela ukuphakama kwama-30-80 cm. Ukuma kwamaqabunga kuhlukile kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-pelargonium. I-inflorescences yilezi zambulela, zingaba nezimbali ezimbalwa noma eziningi zezimo ezihlukahlukene (ungafunda ngezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-pelargonium, izimiso zokunakekelwa, kanye nokubona izithombe zezimbali lapha).

I-Pelargonium inephunga eliphikisana ne-antibacterial and soothing. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukholelwa ukuthi imbali iletha ukuqonda emndenini. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezindawo zokuphulukisa ze-pelargonium kusihloko sethu.

Kubalulekile! Umehluko oyinhloko kusuka kumagalabhisi enganqamuki engadini awukuthi i-pelargonium iyisitshalo se-thermophilic and domestic.

Indlela yokukhulisa imbali?

I-Pelargonium isitshalo esingenakuzithoba, kodwa kusekhona ezinye izidingo zokukhula nokuzinakekela ekhaya.

• Umhlabathi nembiza. Lesi sitshalo sikhetha inhlabathi egcwele kahle ehlanganisa umquba, i-peat, i-humus kanye nesihlabathi, enesenzo sokungathathi hlangothi ne-alkaline esincane, esinikezwe ngokufaka umlotha. Ibhodlela kufanele libe ngosayizi encane (esitsheni esiqinile, i-pelargonium iqhuma ngokukhululeka kakhulu) futhi ibe nemigodi yamanzi.
• Ukunisela Kungcono ukugxila esimweni somhlabathi - ukuthambisa isitshalo kuphela lapho soma. Uma kwenzeka ukuhlala isikhathi eside kwembali emhlabathini oqothukile, uhlelo lwaso lwempande lubolile. Sula amaqabunga e-pelargonium akudingekile.
• Ukukhanyisa Lelimbali lithanda ukukhanya futhi likhula ngendlela ephawulekayo emafasiteleni e-sunny, kodwa lizizwa lihle kule penumbra. Kodwa-ke, uma kunokukhanya okwanele, isitshalo sesitshalo singase singabi nalutho.
• Ukushisa Ukuthuthukiswa okuvamile kanye nezimila zezimbali zidinga izinga lokushisa elifinyelela ku-+20 degrees, isibalo esincane esingavumelekile - ama-10-12 degrees wokushisa.
• Khulisa. Ngosizo lokusika izihlahla ungakwazi ukufezekisa ukwakheka komqhele omuhle we-compact, ukukhula kwamahlumela e-lateral nokubukeka kwe-inflorescences, ukusabalalisa okuluhlaza nokuthola izinto zokutshala. Ukupuna kungcono kakhulu ekwindla noma entwasahlobo, kodwa uma kunesidingo - nganoma isiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Izindwangu zendawo ukufafaza amalahle achotshoziwe noma i-sinnamon powder.
• Ukuphoqa. Ngakho-ke ibizwa ngokuthi inqubo yokususa iziqongqo zezithombo ezincane ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthuthukiswa kwamahlumela okwenziwa kamuva ukuze kwakha isitshalo esihlahleni. Njengomthetho, ukuququza kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kodwa uma kunesidingo, uma kudingeka. Imininingwane mayelana nendlela yokugcoba nokunquma i-pelargonium esitshele lapha.
• Ukugqoka okuphezulu. I-Pelargonium idinga ukondliwa kuwo wonke unyaka, ngaphandle kwebusika - isikhathi sokuphumula. Esikhathini sentwasahlobo nehlobo, zonke izinsuku ezingu-14 ukufaka umquba oqukethe i-potassium, i-magnesium ne-nitrogen. Ungathenga umanyolo owenziwe ngomumo noma ukupheka ngokwakho ngokuxuba amaminerali ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuchichima, okuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen kufanele kunciphise, kanye ne-potassium - ukwandisa.

  Qaphela! Ngaphambi kokondla lesi sitshalo kumele kuphuziswa, ngaphandle kwalokho kukhona ingozi yokushisa uhlelo lwempande.

Izindlela zokuzala

Izinhlobo ze-Pelargonium ngezindlela ezintathu:

• imbewu - Ukuhlwanyela imbewu oyidingayo kusukela kuDisemba kuya kuFebruwari bese ulinda izithombo ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu;
• ukuhlukanisa isihlahla - udinga ukutshala isihlahla, uhlukanise ngokucophelela, utshale ingxenye ngayinye esitsheni esisodwa, bese uqhathanisa kancane futhi uthule inhlabathi;
• ukusika - kudingekile ukuthi ulungise ukusika ama-cuttings kuze kube ngu-10 cm ubude (uma kunezinhlobonhlobo ezincane - kuze kufike ku-3 cm), ukusika amahlumela enempilo nokuqina, bese ubatshala ebhodweni ngamanzi emhlabathini kanye nenhlabathi ehlanganisa i-peat, i-perlite, umquba kanye nenhlabathi engadini ye-calcined, qondanisa inhlabathi eduze nokusika futhi ulindele ukuthi izimpande zivele emavikini angu-2-3.

Ukusika kunganika izimpande futhi uma kufakwe amasonto 2-3 emanzini ekamelweni elifudumele.

Indlela yokuzala kusuka kumbewu?

Ekhaya, i-pelargonium ikhulile kusuka enzalweni, ngisho nalabo abasanda kufika ku-floriculture bangakwazi ukusingatha.

Inqubo yokutshala izitshalo kusuka kwenzalo ngesinyathelo:

1. ukhethe imbewu, uqaphele ukubukeka kwayo: kufanele ibe mkhulu, ibe mnandi, ibe nesimo se-oblong nombala omhlophe obomvu;
2. ukuze uthole amahlumela amahle, udinga ukukhanya okuningi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuyihlwanyela ngaphambi kokuqala kukaFebruwari noma ukusebenzisa ukukhanya okungeziwe okufakelwayo;
3. ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuhluma kwembewu kungaba, ukukhipha ingxenye yegobolondo labo, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukuthola ukufinyelela kwezakhi;
4. umhlabathi ungathengwa esitolo, uqiniseke ukuthi awugcini ngokweqile ngamaminerali, noma ungawapheka ngokuxuba ingxenye eyodwa ye-peat, ingxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi somfula kanye nezingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba we-sod;
5. Thela inhlabathi ithuthuke kuze kube yizi-+22 degrees ezigayini ezilungiselelwe bese uyihambisa ngamanzi afudumele;
6. emva kwe-2 cm kusuka komunye nomunye, yenza indentations futhi ubeke imbewu kuwo;
7. ufafaze ngenhlabathi kanye ne-moisten;
8. ukumboza iziqukathi nge-foil, ngemuva kokwenza izimbobo kuyo ukuphuza umoya;
9. ukushisa kwe-air ngemuva kokuhlwanyela akufanele kudlule + degrees +22, futhi ngemva kokuba imbewu ihlume isibonakaliso esivumelekile - ukushisa kwama-degrees angu-20;
10. emva kokuvela kwamahlumela ukususa ifilimu nokudlulisela amandla kwi-sill window;
11. Ukuze kusetshenziswe uhlelo oluyimpande oluhle, kuyadingeka ngezikhathi ezithile ukukhulula inhlabathi bese uhlwanyela izithombo zibe isitsha esikhulu ngenhlabathi entsha;
12. ukuthola i-compact bush, ukuphunyuka kwe-pelargonium kumele kubanjwe ngemuva kokuthi iqabunga lesihlanu livele kulo.

Izinkinga ezikhona kanye nokulawulwa kwezinambuzane

Izifo eziyinhloko zesitshalo:

• I-Odema noma i-edema. Lesi sifo sibangele ukugqama kwenhlabathi futhi siboniswe ekubunjweni kokukhula emaqenjini amahlamvu. Kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukuchelela nokususa amaqabunga abathintekayo.
• I-verticillary wilting. Lesi sifo sibulala imbali. Kubalulekile ukubhubhisa isitshalo esibulalayo futhi usike amahlumela ngezibonakaliso zesifo, uphathe izitshalo nge-biofungicide trichodermine.
• Grey ukubola. Amaqabunga aphuzi futhi aphilile, izindawo ezimnyama zivela ngaphansi kwesitshalo, futhi i-fungus eluhlaza ingatholakala ku-foci yesifo. Kubangela ukubola okumanzi emanzini amaningi kanye nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen kumanyolo. Kubalulekile ukusika izingxenye ezithintekayo zesitshalo, uqhube imbali ngefungicides bese uyifakisela emhlabathini omusha nasembiza.
• Isiqu kanye nezimpande zibolile. Lesi sifo senziwa ngenxa yokungena kwamanzi kanye ne-asidi ephansi yomhlabathi. Ikholomu lempande lishintsha omnyama kanye ne-rots, amaqabunga aphendukile, bese ephenduka aphuzi futhi ashona. Lesi sitshalo kufanele siphathwe nge "Fitolavin" noma "Biporam".
• Suka uphinde uthinte ukulimala okuphelile. Le fungus idluliselwa emhlabathini, kodwa ingathunyelwa emoyeni phakathi kwezitshalo, ngenxa yalokho i-pelargonium iyafa futhi iphela. Lesi sifo siqala ngenxa yemiswakama ephezulu. Ukukhula kwezitshalo kunciphisa, futhi amaqabunga aphuphuka, okubukeka njengokuntuleka komswakama, kepha ngokunyuka kokunisela ukukhunta, ukuphindaphinda nokuthinta wonke amagatsha.

  Kungenzeka ukwelapha isitshalo ngesikhathi sokuqala sokutheleleka ngokuphatha nge Bordeaux liquid, ukususa izingxenye ezithintekayo futhi ngempela ukuyifaka endaweni enhlabathini oyinyumba kanye ebhodweni.

Izinkinga ngokukhula:

• i-platinum yellowing - Kungenzeka ukuthi kubangelwa ukubola kwezimpande, udinga ukutshala isitshalo;
• emaphethelweni amaqabunga aphuzi - Inkinga iwukukhathazeka okungalungile, kufanele ilandele imodi yokunisela, izinga lokushisa lomoya, umanyolo;
• ukuntuleka kwezimbali - cishe, kwakukhona ukunqwaba komswakama noma imbali ayikho ukukhanya okwanele, udinga ukunciphisa ukuchelela nokuhambisa isitshalo eningizimu;
• ukuphoqa - kungenzeka ukuthi i-acidity yenhlabathi yanda (akufanele idlulele ku-5.5pH) noma ibhodlela selibe lincane kakhulu embali.

Izinambuzane eziyinhloko ze-pelargonium - i-aphid ne-whitefly, ungakwazi ukulwa nazo usebenzisa izinambuzane ezithengiswa ezitolo zezimbali. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezifo kanye nezinambuzane zesitshalo, kanye nokuvimbela nokulawula kwabo ekhaya lapha.

I-Pelargonium ayiyona isitshalo esivamile kakhulu lapho kuhlwanyelwa futhi kuzaliswa khona, ngokulandela imiyalelo neseluleko, ngisho nomhloli wezimbali ongenalwazi angakwazi ukusingatha futhi le mbali izojabulisa abanikazi futhi ihlobise isikhala.