Umsuka wangempela wegama melissa engacacisiwe ngenxa yokungavumelani kwabahumushi bakhe. Kodwa kuyaziwa ukuthi isitshalo se-herbaceous se-Yasnotkovye yomndeni, okuthiwa i-melissa, sisakazwa kabanzi njengento ewuhlaza, futhi ibizwa ngokuthi i-censer, i-lemon utshani, ilamula ne-bee mint. Utshani obungavamile luhlonywa ngabalimi, abalimi kanye nabalimi ngezinhloso zezimboni, ngokugxila kakhulu ekucebweni kwezinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo eziqukethe i-lemon balm.
Uyazi? Ngokwenye inguqulo eyodwa, igama elithi Melissa lakhiwa kusukela ekungezeni amagama esiGreki asho uju namaqabunga. Okwesibili, egameni le-nymph uMelissa, osolwa ngokuphatha uZeus ngobisi nobisi. Ngokwesithathu - uMelissa wayebizwa ngokuthi ubuhle, waphenduka waba inyosi ngokuthanda kwawonkulunkulu bama-Olimpiki.
UMelissa: incazelo yezitshalo
Ukuphakama kokuphela kungafinyelela kumamitha owodwa nengxenye. Isisekelo saso siyi-rhizome enamandla kakhulu. Amaqabunga e-petiole wesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi, afana kokubili inhliziyo kanye neqanda futhi enamazinyo amakhulu, atholakala esiteshini esisegatsheni, njengokungathi usikwe ezinhlangothini ezine.
Ama-pedicels amancane aqoshwe nge-axillary tfts yezimbali ezincane ezimhlophe, okungenzeka futhi zibe nama-pink noma ama-hues aphuzi. Izimbali ezinezinhlangothi ezine ezine-ovary pistil ezingaphezulu kwekholomu ende. Ukuqhakaza kwe-lemon balm kubhalwe ngoJulayi no-Agasti wonyaka wesibili wokukhula.
Enkulu, ene-gloss black, izithelo ezine-fetus, ezifinyelela ekuvuthweni ngo-Agasti-Septemba, inefomu elenziwe ngeqanda. Ngaphambi kokutshala utshani buhogela lemon. Lapho izimbali ziphela, iphunga elikhulayo liba yinto engavamile.
Indlela yokukhetha indawo futhi ulungise inhlabathi ekukhuleni i-lemon balm
Ukuze uMelissa akhule kahle, udinga ukudala izimo ezithile kuye.
Ukukhanyisa ukukhula okusebenzayo
Kunconywa ukutshala i-lemon balm endaweni lapho kukhanya okuhle kwelanga, okubaluleke kakhulu ekuhlumeni kwezinhlobo ezincane ezivela emvelweni. Ama-frost angakwazi ukubhubhisa izihlahla ezintsha ze-lemon mint, ngakho ukulima kwabo kufanele kuqale ngokutshala ngesikhathi esivuthayo. Esikhathini esizayo, lesi sitshalo sibonisa ukumelana kahle emakhazeni, nakuba indawo lapho i-melissa ikhula khona kungcono ukukhetha ohlangothini oluseningizimu, evikelekile emifuleni yomoya evela enyakatho.
Kubalulekile! Endaweni evulekile ye-melissa, iphunga elicebile licebile.
Ukulungiselela inhlabathi yokutshala i-lemon balm
Inhlabathi yokutshala kufanele ibe yande futhi ingenaso ukhula. UMelissa ukhetha inhlabathi enomhlabathi, njengokwenyuka kwamanzi aphezulu kanye nomoya wokuphefumula, okwenza kube lula ukutshala isitshalo esigcwele. I-sandstone ekhululekile nayo ingenzeka. Badinga ukudonsa okuhle kwetshe elincane elichotshoziwe noma izitini eziphukile, okuzovikela uhlelo lwempande ukuba lubole.
Uma lesi sayithi sitholakala enhlabathini yobumba, khona-ke endaweni yokutshala i-lemon balm kufanele ixubane nesihlabathi somfula. Ukusabela kwenhlabathi ku-asidi kufanele kube yinto elula noma engekho hlangothi. Ukumba kuqala nge weeding kanye weeding kungenziwa ekwindla, futhi entwasahlobo, ukukhulula futhi ahlanze umhlaba ofudumele futhi.
Izindlela zokusakaza ilamula lemon, indlela yokutshala isitshalo semithi
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi i-lemon iveza kanjani ngempumelelo kakhulu, kumele uqale ukutadisha ngokucophelela bese ukhetha imbewu yokutshala, izithombo zelamula, ama-cuttings noma izingxenye ezihlukene zehlathi.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu
Izinhlamvu eziyinkulungwane zilinganiselwa ku-0.62 g. Ukuhluma kwabo kuqhubeka iminyaka engu 2-3. Ngokusekelwe ekuhlangenwe nakho okuwusizo, kwaphetha ngokuthi imbewu yesitshalo ikhula futhi ikhule futhi ibe namandla. Uma kungcono ukuhlwanyela i-lemon balm, kuncike ekutheni izinto zokutshala ezikhethiwe ngenhlabathi evulekile.
Ukufika emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukuhluma kwembewu okusheshayo kuyokwenzeka uma ukuhlwanyela i-lemon balm emhlabathini ovulekile kuqala ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi. Futhi esiseduze ngangokunokwenzeka ebusweni, okungukuthi, sitshala imbewu ye-lemon balm kuya ekujuleni kuka-1-1.5 cm ngokujulile. Ngendlela yokuhlala, i-interval kuze kube yingxenye yemitha yanele. Phakathi kwezinhlanzi, ngoba zikhula kahle, kuhle ukushiya okungenani ama-40 cm.
Abalimi abangabakhathaleli nje kuphela isivuno, kodwa futhi mayelana nokuhlelwa kwemikhakha yemibhede, batusa ukwandisa kokubili amabanga angaba ngu-0.6 m. Amahlumela okuqala avela emva kwamasonto 3-4 kuphela, ngakho umbuzo: "Kungani i-lemon i-lemon ikhula?" - isikhathi asikafiki.
Ukutshala izithombo ze-lemon ze-lemon
Ukuvuna okucebile kwe-lemon balm elimnandi kungenziwa kuphela ngokuyikhuphula imbewu, kodwa ngemuva kokuthola izithombo ezivela kubo. Ukutshala izithombo kufanele kwenziwe ngasekupheleni kukaMashi no-Ephreli, kanti ngoMeyi, okwenzeke cishe kwezinsuku ezingama-40 ezinamahlamvu amane ku-seedling ngayinye etshalwe enhlabathini.
Amabhokisi ane imbewu ehlwanyelwe, egcwele ingilazi, egcinwe egumbini elifudumele, ukukhanya kwalo okukhuphuka kuya phezulu uma sekuvela amahlumela. Izithombo ezikhulile zibe ngu-3-5 cm zidinga ukugcwala amakhemikhali angamamitha amahlanu nendawo yokutshala okulandelwayo eziqukathi ezincane ezihlukene.
Ukukhula i-lemon balm ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla
Kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi ukukhula isignali isitshalo ukuthi ungaqala ukwahlukanisa izihlahla. Enye, futhi isikhathi esihle - ekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Isihlahla esivuliwe sihlukaniswa izingxenye zesayizi efanayo. Okungenani ama-4-5 amahlumela kanye nezimpande kufanele zihlale kulowo nalowo. Izingxenye ezihlukanisiwe zithatha kahle futhi ziyaqhakaza kahle. Ukunciphisa le ndlela yokuzalisa i-lemon balm yikhathi sayo - kumele kube okungenani iminyaka engu-3-4 ubudala.
Indlela yokusika i-melissa
I-cuttings yokutshala i-lemon i-balm yenziwa kusukela engxenyeni ye-apical yamahlumela awo amancane, okuyinto, emva kokusika, ifakwa emanzini. Emva kokuvela kwezimpande (lokhu kwenzeka cishe amasonto amabili kamuva), ama-cuttings asetshalwe enhlabathini evundisiwe.
Imithetho yokunakekelwa kwe-melissa engadini
Ayikho inzima, indlela yokutshala i-lemon balm, ingenakuzithoba kunoma yikuphi, ngakho-ke ukunakekela akuhlinzeki ngokuqondile. Kodwa ngomnyaka wokuqala, ngenkathi izimpande ezinamagatsha ezihlahla ezithe xaxa zingabanikezi ngokuzimela ngokudla nangomswakama, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukunakwa. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukukhulula njalo umhlabathi bese ususa ukhula.
Endaweni eyodwa melissa ingaba khona iminyaka engaba ngu-10. Kodwa ngonyaka wesithupha, izimfanelo zasebusika-ezinzima ziyehla, ngakho-ke esimweni sezulu esiqhwaba ngemva kwalesi sikhathi kungcono ukuhlukanisa nokuhlala.
Kubalulekile! Ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu, ukunciphisa ubunzima bebusika besitshalo.
Ukunisela nokutshala izitshalo
Kudingeka amanzi amaningana esigabeni sokuqala sokukhula. Qinisekisa ukuthi unamanzi ngesomiso esibalulekile. Ukunisela kufanele kuhlanganiswe ngokukhulula inhlabathi. Uhlaka lokuvikela olubheke phezulu luzosiza inhlabathi ukuba ihlale imanzi isikhathi eside, futhi isebenze njengesivikelo sokukhula kokhula. Yondla i-lemon balm emva kwemifino ngayinye.
Kusetshenziselwa umquba omanzi omanyolo (ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi - 20 g we-ammonium nitrate, 50 g we-superphosphate kanye no-15 g we-potassium chloride) nokuhlanganiswa ngendaba ephilayo - uhlaka oluphawulekayo lwe-humus noma umquba. Ngaphambi kwezimbali, ukufaka umanyolo akukwenziwanga, ngoba kuvimbela ukuvuthwa okufike ngesikhathi kwembewu.
Ukunamathisela ilamula lemon
Ukuxubha izithombo zika melissa ezikhulile ezitshalweni, ezikhiqizwa ekuphakameni kuka-10-15 cm. Umphumela wale nqubo i-compact bushes nge-branching ngaphezulu.
Ukunciphisa ilamula lemon
Izikhathi ezimbili noma kathathu ngenkathi, amahlumela e-melissa anqunywa kakhulu ngamasentimitha ayishumi ukusuka emhlabathini. Ukusebenza okunjalo, ngaphezu kokuthola okusheshayo okukhulu, kuholela ekubunjweni okunamandla kwenani elikhulu lamagatsha amasha kanye nezihlahla ezinobuthi obuhle, okukhangayo ukuthi zisetshenziswe njengezici ze-landscape design.
Ukuqoqa nokulungiselela ilamula lemon
3-4 ukuvuna ngonyaka kuyindlela evamile yelamula lemon. Embuzweni wokukhula kwe-lemon njenge-plant yonyaka noma engapheli, abalimi baqondiswa yilo mhlaba. Njengoba inani layo ligxile kakhulu emafutheni abalulekile, kungcono ukuhlanza ntambama enkulu lapho amafutha e-oil engekho.
Ukuqala kwezimbali kuyisibonakaliso sokuqoqa amaqabunga ezemithi kanye namahlumela amahlumela, okungaziwa emazweni ayishumi nambili njengempahla eluhlaza. Ukuvuna izinto zokusetshenziswa eziqalayo kuqala ngokumiswa emoyeni, ukufuthelwa hhayi amazinga angaphezu kwama-40. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izindawo ezifakwe emthunzini endaweni evulekile noma ezomile ezibandayo. Isitoreji esilandelayo sisho umoya omuhle wendawo yokugcina impahla. Ukuvuna izinto zokusetshenziswa kungcono kakhulu kugcinwe ebhange.
Uyazi? UMelissa uyingqayizivele njengendlela yokwelapha i-neuralgia, ikhanda, u-hysteria, hypochondria, ukuleleka, ukuphelelwa yisifo somzimba, ukuphefumula kwamathambo, i-cholecystitis, nezinye izifo eziningi.
Amaphupho ama-gourmets amahle afika ensimini eMelissa, ekugcineni ehlanganisa iphunga le-citrus elinomsoco omkhulu we-mint namanothi avelele oju. Ukungacabangi izindawo zokuphulukisa zezinyosi zeminwe, bavame ukunikeza ngosizo lwamakhemikhali abhakabhaka i-piquancy enhle kakhulu emakhakheni anambitheka wezingubo ezijwayelekile ezivela kwimenyu yabo.
