Indawo engaphansi kwe-suburban

Ukugcina udonga endaweni kanye nomthambeko ngezandla zakhe

Kungenzeka kube nesimo esithakazelisayo sokwenza isinqumo - yini ongayithola ngenhlangano yenkinga: i-cottage ehlala ephansi noma ehlelekile ehlobo. Ikhetho lokuqala liyazijwayele futhi lilula. Ukhetho lwesibili lungabizi ekusebenzeni, ngoba izindawo ezinendawo engavamile azibaluleka kakhulu phakathi kwezakhamuzi zasehlobo zonyaka, ezesaba ubunzima obukhona. Ake sizame ukuqonda lesi sihloko futhi siyiqonde izimfihlo zayo nezintuthwane. Mhlawumbe i-cottage emthambekeni ayiyona embi njengoba ibonakala ekuqaleni.

Izinzuzo nezinsalela zesayithi elinemithambeka

Uma kuhle ukuhlaziya ukunakekelwa nokuhlelwa kwesayithi ngaphansi komthambeko, ungabona kokubili amaphuzu amahle nokubi.

Izinkinga eziyinhloko yizi:

  • ukhethe indawo yendlu yezwe, ezinye izakhiwo kanye namabhukimakhi esivande kufanele kusekelwe emthambekeni, hhayi kuphela ngesicelo somnikazi;
  • ukuhlanza inhlabathi ngemuva kwezulu kanye neqhwa;
  • ukuphikiswa okuqhubekayo nokuguguleka komhlabathi kuyadingeka;
  • Ukunyakaza okulukhuni kwabantu endaweni yonke yesayithi, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi seqhwa nemvula - indawo enkulu yomthamo, ingozi enkulu yokuwa;
  • inqubo yokunisela iyinkimbinkimbi, kungase kube nezinkinga ekunikezeni amanzi;
  • ukugeleza komoya kungakhipha ingxenye engenhla yesayithi, ephansi ingadalulwa ku-frost;
  • zilungele ukukhanyisa okungalingani - ngokweqile noma ngokwanele;
  • izindleko ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo zokuthuthukiswa kwesayithi lezintambo.
Izinzuzo zihlanganisa:

  • izindleko zesigaba sezintambo ziphansi kakhulu kunezezindlu;
  • ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwezindlu zezwe, umhlaba oweqile uphawula isakhiwo;
  • umbono omuhle kusuka kumawindi;
  • ingxenye ephakanyisiwe yesayithi ayinayo izinkinga zezikhukhula ngamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, i-cellar kanye nesitezi sephansi kuyoba owomile;
  • ithuba lokubona yonke imibono yakho kanye nezifiso zakho, ukukhombisa umuntu ngamunye futhi udale hhayi nje indlu ehlobo, kodwa indaba yangempela yokuziqhenya.

Kubalulekile! Ngokutshala emithambekeni yamahlumela enezimpande ze-branched, ungakwazi ukuqinisa inhlabathi ngendlela yemvelo.

Yini egcina izindonga?

Ngosizo lodonga olugciniwe luqinisa indawo yokuhlala noma indawo engadini ene-slope. Udonga lokugcina lusebenza kahle, kuqinisa umthamo, kuvimbela ukubhujiswa kanye neaching of the site, futhi kungaba yinto evelele yenkinga, ukuklanywa nokuhlobisa indawo yayo.

Ukuze usebenze kahle ngale misebenzi, lezi zinto ezilandelayo ziyadingeka - isisekelo sesisekelo, udonga uqobo, ingxenye eyodwa egcina ukuqina komhlabathi, ohlangothini olungaphambili lwesibili lungaluhlotshiswa, kanye amanzi nokugeleza - ukuphuma kwamanzi ukuqoqa phakathi komhlabathi nodonga obambelele. Izindonga zokugcina eziphansi zibukeka kahle ezinhlelweni zesayithi ngemibhede yemifula, imibhede yemifula, izimbali kanye namabhentshi odonga.

Yini nokuthi ungenza kanjani udonga olugciniwe e-dacha

Udonga olugciniwe luhlobo lwodonga oluvikela inhlabathi engazinzile. Udonga olusekelayo lungakhiwa ngezandla zakho. Ukukhonjwa, amatshe, izitini, izinkuni kanye nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo zisetshenziselwa ukwakha. Ake sijwayelane nobuchwepheshe bokukwakha izindonga zezinto ezahlukene.

Indlela yokwenza udonga olugcinayo lwezinkuni

Ngodonga olugcinwe ngamapulangwe lulungela noma yiziphi izingodo ezine-200 mm. Isimo esiyinhloko sokulondoloza isikhathi eside salolu donga - ukuxilongwa ngokusetshenziswa kwezinkuni ezibolayo, kucatshangelwa isikhathi sokugqoka Udonga olugciniwe olwenziwe ngamagodo, olwakhiwe esiqhingini esinemithambekeni, kuyindlela enhle kunazo zonke yokuqinisa inhlabathi, esebenza kuwo wonke amathafa amancane namakhulu.

Amangqamuzana angafakwa ngokuqondilengokubashayela ndawonye. Le ndlela yokubeka ayidingi ukubeka kwangaphambili kwesisekelo. Udinga ukumba ngamagogi ukujula okungenani isigamu semitha, ngoba ukuqina kwesakhiwo kuncike ekujuleni kokumba. Ukubekwa kwezingodo ezinobuningi nakho kungenzeka. Umgodi udonswa, ukuxubha kuthululwa phansi, logi lokuqala lubekiwe, lubekwe emhlabathini ngezinduku zensimbi, khona-ke izingodo ezisele zihlangene ndawonye ngezipikili noma izigxobo zokuzibamba.

Isikhala esivela odongeni kuze kube semhlabathini kufanele sigcwaliswe ngenhlanganisela yesihlabathi nesikhukhula noma izitini eziphukile. Okukhethwa kukho kungaba ukudiliza umbhede wembali kulolu donga lokugcina. Lokhu kuzohlinzeka ngamanzi okugeleza, futhi izingodo zizoba luhlaka oluhle lwezitshalo ezitshalwe.

Uyazi? Ukubeka ukukhanyisa ezindongeni zokulondoloza, unganikeza ubuntu kwi-cottage bese udala imizwa yothando.

Inketho yokulondolozwa ngamatshe

Ngisho nomakhi we-novice uzokwazi ukudala udonga olugcinwe ngamatshe ngezandla zakhe. Le ndlela inhle ngokwayo, futhi ngokutshala isikhala phakathi kwamatshe, uzothola umhlobiso wangempela wesayithi lakho. Ngaphambi kokubeka itshe udinga ukulungisa isisekelo sodonga oluzayo. I-moat idonsa isigamu semitha ejulile, amabhodi ahlelwe eceleni, futhi ifomu eliphelile ligcwele ukhonkolo - ingxenye engu-1 yekhonkrete, izingxenye ezingu-6 zesihlabathi kanye nezingxenye eziyisithupha zegridi. Ingxube kumele iqine okungenani izinsuku ezine.

Ukhonkolo oluvuthiwe luphathwa ngophethi. Ngemuva kwalokho, umsebenzi omkhulu kunazo zonke ematheni okubeka ahlanzwe ngamanzi kusengaphambili. Ilitshe ngalinye liyadingeka ukuthola isikhundla esiphezulu kakhulu ekubekeni. Uhlu lwamatshe alukiwe luboshwe ngendwangu encane yamatenti.

Udonga olugciniwe lwamatshe, olwakhiwe ngezandla zakho, luzokuthokozisa ngokubukeka okuncane, okubukhali. Amatshe anamatshe akhethiwe futhi aphephile abukeka ahambisana kakhulu futhi asemvelo ekuklanyeleni kwezwe lanoma isiphi isayithi.

Idonga lokugcina ngamatshe elomile

Kungenzeka ukwakha udonga lwamatshe omile omile, ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwe-samente. Kulesi simo, isikhala esiphakathi kwamatshe singagcwaliswa inhlabathi yendawo yokulandela indawo. Ukwakha udonga, umsele omkhulu ugciniwe kuze kube yingxenye yesigamu semitha, igcwaliswe kuze kube yingxenye ngendwangu yamatshe, lapho kutholakala khona amatshe ahlanzekile ngakunye, alondoloze ukuthambekela kancane emthambekeni.

Vimba udonga ogcina

Ukuze ufake udonga lwamatshe e-block, udinga umsele kabanzi ematshe, i-gravel ithululelwa futhi kubhekwe amabhlogo, aphethwe ndawonye ngokuqiniswa. Ukufakwa kwamatshe okuvimba kubhekwe izakhi zokuqeda.

Kubalulekile! Shisisekelo kufanele silingane kathathu ububanzi bodonga olusasa, futhi ubukhulu - ingxenye yesithathu ubude bodonga.

Indlela yokwenza udonga olugciniwe lwe-gabions

I-Gabions izovumela ukuthi ingasichitha isikhathi esiningi sokukhetha nokwaziswa okunembile kwamatshe phakathi kwabo ukuze kube nokuhlelwa kwekhwalithi. Ukwakha, udinga inethiwekhi - isitsha esinamaseli amakhulu kunamatshe awugcwalisa. Igridi igcwele amatshe wemvelo futhi iqhutshelwa endizeni eqondile.

I-Gabions ixhunywe ngomoya oqinile. Ukuphakama kwe-Gabion kwemitha engu-1 kudinga isisekelo sokufakwa. Ukuze unciphise izindleko zodonga, ingxenye engaphambili ingahlotshwa ngetshe elihle, futhi ingxenye yangaphakathi efihlekile ingagcwala inhlawulo. Udonga olugciniwe lwe-gabions kuleli lizwe lusetshenziswa kokubili ukuqinisa umthamo kanye nokuthungatha.

Ukwakhiwa kwedonga lokugcina izitini

Ukuze kwakhiwe udonga olugciniwe lwezitini, isisekelo sifakwe ngokufanayo nokubeka udonga lwamatshe. Ngodonga olusekelayo udinga isitini esinomzimba omuhle obunamanzi obunamanzi namagagasi. Izindonga eziphansi kuze kufike kumamitha angu-0.6 zingakhiwa ngesigamu sesitini; uma ziphakeme, khona-ke inqwaba yezitini.

Emgqeni wesibili wezitini udinga ukubeka amashubhu e-drainage zonke izitini ezinhlanu zokwakha. Isendlalelo ngasinye sesitini senziwe ngodaka lwesimente, futhi umugqa olandelayo wezitini ubeka. Kunconywa ukuhlomisa umgca ophezulu wezitini ngamanzi okuvula amanzi. Igebe eliphakathi kodonga nomthambeko lihlanganiswe ngamatshe noma amatshe amatshe. Isakhiwo sokugcina izitini sizokwenza isakhiwo esisodwa nesakhiwo sezitini.

Uyazi? Itshe lemvelo elivumelana ngokuvumelana nanoma yiliphi izwe le-site: i-granite, i-sandstone, i-basalt, i-cobblestone ne-quartzite.

Indlela yokufaka udonga olugciniwe lokhonkolo

Ukugcina udonga lokugcina ukhonte kakhulu. Isihlahla sokuqala sokumba, phansi okugcwele igravel noma imfucumfucu, kusuka ezindongeni zensimbi kudingeka ufake ifreyimu. Lokhu kuqiniswa kufakwe esiteshini esibiwe, amafomu ahlelwe eceleni kwezindonga zesiteshi, ipayipi lokudonsa libekwe kuwo wonke amafomu, futhi kuhlanganiswa ingxube yekhonkri evela phezulu. Umphumela walolu msebenzi uzoba isakhiwo esinamandla, esiqinile, sikhonkolo, esiqinile ngensimbi yokuqinisa. Kungenzeka ukuhlobisa udonga lwekhonkri nge-tile enhle, itshe lokufakelwa, ukubandakanya izitshalo zokusika.

Izici zedivayisi egcina udonga: indlela yokwenza ukuze ngaphansi kwesakhiwo kungagcini amanzi

Uhlangothi lwangaphakathi lodonga olugciniwe alugcini kuphela umhlabathi wesayithi, kodwa futhi kuyisithiyo ekungenikeni kwemvelo kwenhlabathi umswakama, okuphoqelelwe ukuqoqa odongeni. Ukuba namanzi anqwabelene uyobhubhisa nakanjani udonga. Ukuze uvimbele ukubhujiswa kodonga, ungasebenzisa ungqimba phakathi kolunye uhlangothi odongeni nomhlabathi we-rubble, izitini eziphukile noma igravel. Lezi zingqimba zihlunga amanzi ezigeleza ohlelweni lokugeleza.

Izimbobo zokugeleza ezifika ku-100 mm zibikezelwa kusengaphambili odongeni noma emathangeni amancane angama-50 mm ububanzi zifakwa kuwo ngokusebenzisa imitha ngayinye yomdanso. Kungenzeka ukubeka amanzi emzimbeni we-longitudinal kusuka kumbhobho we-perforated ngobubanzi obuyi-10-15 cm, oboshwe nge-geotextiles, emhlabathini esisekelweni. Lezi zinto zizokwamukela amanzi azongena emgqeni bese egeleza ngaphesheya kwesigodlo sokugcina.

Kubalulekile! Ukuhlelwa kwesigaba se-sloping kuqala kusukela e-terrace.

Imizila - isisombululo esihle kakhulu lapho uhlela izindawo ezihlukene esakhiweni esinemithambeka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo isayithi lizofana nezinyathelo eziningi zezinga lobubunjwa obuhlukahlukene. Ngayinye yalezi zinyathelo kuyoba yindawo yokuthambisa, eyakhiwe ngodonga lwayo olusekelayo. Isayithi enezinga lokuthambekela elivamile lizodinga ukuqiniswa cishe izindonga ezine zokugcina ezenziwa ngezinto ezihlukahlukene.

Ukuze ugweme umuzwa wokuphila esitebhisini esikhulu, kungcono ukubeka amatharasi emakhasini noma emadolobheni, mhlawumbe ilungiselelo eliyingozi. Lokhu kufaka isayithi kuzokunika umbono ohle kakhulu. Izinyathelo ezingenhla nezingezansi zamatrasi zilungele ukusetha indawo yokuzilibazisa. Ungalungiselela i-gazebo noma i-platform yokubuka lapho. Amathrebhisi aphefumulayo amathrekhi azohlobisa umklamo bese enza ukuhamba ensimini noma i-cottage ukuzijabulisa okumnandi.