Iphakathi ibhekwa njengenye yamasiko asezindaweni ezindala kunawo wonke. Izinhlobo zokuqala zakhiwe eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eziningana edlule, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ababelethi kanye nezakhi zofuzo bebelokhu besebenza ekuthuthukiseni izinhlobo ezintsha.
Enye yezinhlobo ezithandwayo kakhulu "yi-Severyanka". Kulesi sihloko uzofunda indlela yokutshala ikhasi "I-Northerner"futhi yikuphi ukunakekelwa akudingayo nesikhathi sokuvuna.
Iphakathi kwe "Severyanka", ulwazi jikelele
Iphakathi kwe "Severyanka" inegama layo ngesizathu, esenza kube lula ukuchaza izinhlobonhlobo. Lapho kuzalana, umsebenzi oyinhloko kwakuwukudala izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zama-pears, kanti kwakudingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuvimbela izifo, kanye nokugcina ukunambitheka nezakhiwo ezizuzisayo zesithelo.
Uyazi? Umbhali wezinhlobonhlobo ngu-P.N. UJakovlev, watholakala ngenxa yokuwela izinhlobonhlobo zeCoparechka inombolo engu-12 no-Favorite Klapp.
Amapheya ahlukahlukeneyo "Northerner" ayenawokuqala. Ukuvuna kuqala kakade ngonyaka 5. Kuya izinzuzo Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zingabalwa ekuvuthweni kokuqala kwezithelo kanye nokuvunwa okuphezulu, ubumnandi obubusika obuhle kanye nomonakalo ophansi kakhulu wokulimala kwesikhumba.
Kuzo ukwehluleka Kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa usayizi omncane wezithelo kanye nokuchitha kwawo okuphezulu, okuthinta ikhwalithi yesitshalo. "Severyanka" ayisetshenzisiwe ekukhiqizeni izimboni, kodwa engadini ye-amateur ithandwa kakhulu kuze kube yilolu suku.
Uyazi? Lapho kuzaliswa izinhlobo ze-pear Tyutchevskaya no-Yeseninsky "Severyanka" kwasetshenziswa njengenye yefomu lomzali.
Ukukhiqizwa kwamaparele ubuchwepheshe
Iphakathi kwe "Severyanka" kusuka emithini engadliwayo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukutshala nokunakekela okufanele kubaluleke kakhulu kuye. Ukupakishwa kufanele kufakwe emgodini olungiselelwe. Kungcono ukuyilungisa amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokuphuma.
Umgodi kumele ube ngu-1x1 m ubukhulu, futhi u-0.5-0.6 m ukujula. Emgodini, engeza ambalwa amabhakede, ama-0.8 kg we-superphosphate, u-0.2 kg wamanyolo we-potash bese uwaxuba ngokuphelele nomhlabathi. Ukutshala "Severyanka" kuvame ukusethwa kwentwasahlobo noma ekwindla zakuqala.
Kubalulekile! Uma ukhetha izithombo kungcono ukukhetha iminyaka emibili. Kukholelwa ukuthi bahloma izimpande.
Indlela yokukhetha indawo yokutshala izithombo
Uma kunokwenzeka, "Severyanka" efiselekayo ukutshala ezindaweni ezinelanga ezivikelwe emoyeni. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe loamy noma isihlabathi. Khumbula ukuthi lolu hlobo lwepeari lubucayi kakhulu kumswakama, ngakho-ke uma amanzi angaphansi komhlaba eseduze (ukujula okungaphansi kuka 2 m), umuthi ungafa, ngakho ukutshala endaweni enjalo akunconywa.
Uhlelo lokutshala ikhasi
Iphakathi kwe "Severyanka" inehlelo lokutshala nokulima, okungafani namanye amapheya. Ukuze utshale umuthi, kufanele wenze izinyathelo ezilula:
- Gweba izimpande kwi-mash yobumba;
- Sika wonke amagatsha aphukile, uma kukhona;
- Beka isithombo emgodini;
- Gcwalisa umgodi ngomhlaba;
- Ukutshala isitshalo ngamabhakede amabili wamanzi (okungcono kakhulu ukuphuza i-pear efunde ngezansi);
- Snap isithombo kumgodla.
Indlela yokuphuza i-pear ehlukahlukeneyo "Severyanka"
Izinhlobonhlobo zamaparele "I-Northerner" ayithandi umswakama owedlulele, futhi ayikubekezeli ukoma, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuwahambisa ngokufafaza, ngoba unikeza yonke imithombo yezimpande zesitshalo ngomswakama, njengemvula evamile.
Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuphuza umuthi ngale ndlela, kubalulekile ukwenza umgodla wamasentimitha angu-15 ezungeze isitshalo bese uthela amanzi lapho. Ukujwayelekile okujwayelekile kokunisela: izikhathi ezingu-2-3 entwasahlobo futhi kuyafana ehlobo.
Kubalulekile! Uma kwenzeka isomiso esinzima, inani lokuchelela lingakwazi futhi likhuphuke.
Umanyolo wePear
Entwasahlobo, kunconywa ukuba ukondle ikhasi elilodwa ngaphambi kokutshala nge-fertilizer ye-nitrogen yezinso (urea noma i-saltpeter); Izinyoni zezinyoni nazo zivunyelwe. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, kuyadingeka ukondla isitshalo ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuvuna esizayo nge-nitroammophotic, ihlanjululwa emanzini 1x200.
Ehlobo lepeyari "Northerner", elandela incazelo kanjiniyela, udinga ukondla umanyolo wamaminerali. Kuhle kakhulu lapho kwenziwa ukuchelela, ngakho-ke umanyolo uzosakazwa ngokulinganayo futhi uzokhipha umphumela omuhle kakhulu. Kunconywa umquba we-phosphorus-potassium. Izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ze "Northerners" zizoba ngokwanele.
Ekwindla, i-pear ingadliwa ama-humus. Umphumela omuhle esitshalweni ukhiqizwa ngamapulangwe okumba. Ungakwazi ukondla kanye namaminerali omanyolo: 1 tbsp. L potassium chloride no-2 tbsp. ilitha le-superphosphate ebhakedeni lamanzi.
Indlela yokunciphisa ikhasi
I-pruning yokuqala iyadingeka ku-Severyanka ngqo emva kokutshala kwe-seedling, lapho ukuphakama kwayo ku-70-90 cm.
Ngamagatsha ase-lateral enza okufanayo. Le nqubo yenziwa njalo entwasahlobo, iminyaka emithathu emva kokutshala isithombo. Eminyakeni elandelayo yokuphila, ukucwiliswa kanye nokusika izihlahla kuyenziwa.
Uyazi? Ukusika izihlahla kukhulisa ubude bomuthi, kwandisa ubuningi kanye nekhwalithi yesitshalo. Ukusika izihlahla kuyinkimbinkimbi yezinyathelo ezisetshenziselwa ukulimaza umuthi ngezifo ezihlukahlukene.
Pear "Severyanka": ukuvuna nokulondolozwa kwezithelo
Amapareya avuthiwe ukuvuthwa okukhishwayo akuhambisani nomthengi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezihlukahlukene "Severyanka", ngakho kufanele ucabange ezinye ze-nuances. Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo kuncike ezimweni zesimo sezulu, ngakho-ke, kunzima ukuncoma izinsuku ezithile zekhalenda zokukhetha izithelo.
Izinhlobonhlobo zamaparele "Severyanka" zibhekisela ekuzinikeleni okuphezulu, ngakho-ke ngokunakekelwa kwekhwalithi, ungathembela isitshalo se-50-60 kg, futhi ngezimo zezulu ezihle kunazo zonke, isivuno singaba 90-100 kg. Isibonakaliso sokuvuthwa kwesithelo ukubonakala kombala ophuzi okwenziwe esikhumbeni. Ukuvuna amapheya kuqala ngo-Okthoba, futhi kuqhubeka kuze kube sekupheleni kwenyanga.
Ukuzikhethela kwe "Northerner" yilokho, ke izithelo ezivuthiwe ngokugcwele zanyuka ngokushesha ngezinsuku ezingu-2-3. Izithelo ezinjalo zigcinwa izinsuku ezingaba ngu-10 endaweni epholile. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ochwepheshe bayeluleka ukuqala amapheya okuvuna ngesonto ngaphambili, ngaphambi kokuba izithelo ziqale ukuwa. Ngaphezu kokulondoloza ukubukeka kombukiso, amapheya aqoqwe ngale ndlela azogcinwa isikhathi eside - kuze kufike ezinyangeni ezingu-2.
Uma unquma ukutshala engadini yakho ezihlukahlukene zamapheya "Severyanka", khona-ke ngeke nakanjani ungazisoli. Lesi sihlahla esingenakuzithoba, ukulwa nezimo zezulu nezitshalo ezinambuzane, nezithelo zawo zinambitha futhi ziphilile, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - ziyokhula kakhulu!
