I-Ananas - Lesi sitshalo esishisayo esivela ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Melika. EYurophu, yaqala ukukhula ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo, kudala izimo zezulu ezidingekayo.
Kodwa ngomzamo omncane, i-ananas ekhulayo ingenziwa ngisho nasekhaya. Futhi emva kwesikhashana lesi sitshalo esithakazelisayo sizosimangaza ngokubonakala kwayo nezithelo.
Isiphayinaphu: incazelo yesitshalo
I-Ananas - kuyisitshalo se-herbaceous esinesitembu esiphakathi kwayo. Ephakathi kwe-stem, e-inflorescence ephezulu, okulandela ukuthi ukukhulelwa kuphenduka ukuzala.
Ngaphandle, kungabonakala ukuthi izingxenye ezihlukene zezithelo zamajikijolo zikhula ndawonye zibe yisithelo esisodwa - i-ananas. Isiqu sizungezwe i-rosette - amaqabunga anamanzi nokhuni.
I-Ananas isithelo esine-oval, cylindrical, sinamalungu amaningana amancane ahlanganiswe ndawonye. Phezulu kukhona i-rosette yamaqabunga.
Ingxenyana encane yesithelo esivuthiwe inombala obumnyama, ophuzi, obomvu noma obomvu. Ngaphakathi kwesithelo - inyama ephuzi ephuzi. It has ukunambitheka okumnandi kanye iphunga elimnandi. Izithelo ezivuthiwe zika-chinanini zifinyelela isisindo esingu-4-5 kg.
Iziphi izimo i-ananas edingekayo yokukhula okuphumelelayo?
I-Ananas, uma ikhulile ekhaya, ikhetha kakhulu mayelana nezimo ezizokwenziwa ukuze zivuthwe ngempumelelo. Njengoba kuyisitshalo esishisayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ukukhanya okufanele, izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama.
Ukukhanyisa
I-Ananas kufanele ibe okungenani amahora angu-6 ngosuku, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unyaka wonyaka, ibe endaweni efanele. Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo singathathwa esikhwameni noma ensimini, endaweni evuliwe ngokulinganisela. Ngenkathi ebandayo, i-ananas kufanele igcinwe eceleni, ukuze uthole ngisho nokukhanya kwelanga.
Lesi sitshalo akufanele sitshintshwe, ngoba singakwazi ukukhula kancane, kunokwanele nokukhanyisa okukodwa. Uma isikhathi sonyaka nesimo sezulu singavumeli ukunikeza ilanga, khona-ke i-ananas ingagcizelelwa ngokukhanyisa okwengeziwe - izibani ze-fluorescent. Kumele kudingeke ukuthi ucabange ukuthi uma usebenzisa izibani i-pineapple kufanele uthole ukufakwa okungenani amahora angu-8 ngosuku.
Ukushisa kwemoya nomswakama
I-Ananas isaba kakhulu emakhazeni. Uma ehlobo kunelisekile ngokushisa okukhulu, khona-ke phakathi nesikhathi sasebusika kubalulekile ukubonelela izindlela zokugcina ukushisa ekamelweni nasemhlabathini wesitshalo. Akufanele igcinwe esiteji esibandayo noma efesiteleni, ebusika kungcono ukugcina ukushisa kwenhlabathi ngo-18 kuya ku-21 ° C, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu ebusika lingama-27 ° C.
Lesi sitshalo akufanele sigcinwe eduze namabhethri nama-heaters, kubalulekile futhi ukuhlinzekela ukungabikho kwemidwebo. Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama, kumele usebenzise ibhodlela ngamanzi amanzi. Ungaphambanisa amanzi azungeze isitshalo, amaqabunga akufanele akhiqizwe, njengoba amanzi angakwazi ukubuthelela ngaphakathi kwendawo bese ebangela ukuba zibole. Kufanele basuswe ngothuli ngendwangu ebomvu.
Indlela yokutshala i-ananas
Ngaphambi kokuba utshale i-chinanisi ekhaya, kufanelekile ukuthola isithelo esivuthiwe, esisha futhi esinempilo ekuqaleni.
Isithelo esihle sephayinaphu kufanele:
- Yiba nephunga elimnandi elimnandi.
- Awunawo umonakalo wangaphandle, umbala kufanele ube yifani, ifonti yegolide.
- Kumphayinaphu we-touch kufanele ube nokunwebeka. Uma izithelo zilula, lokhu kusho ukuthi kuphelile. Uma izithelo zilukhuni, ke, ngokuphambene nalokho, zivuthwe.
- Amaqabunga phezulu kufanele abe ahlanzekile, ahlaza okwemikhawulo emisiwe - lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esibalulekile sokuvuthwa kwesithelo. Uma kukhona izindawo ezimpunga, kusho ukuthi amaqabunga awonakele yizinambuzane, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwesithelo esinjalo kufanele kulahlwe.
Ukuqaphela imithetho elandelayo, sizokwazi ukukhulisa i-ananas elihle ekhaya, okuzosijabulisa ngokubukeka okungavamile futhi kuzothela izithelo esikhathini esizayo.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-tuft yezithelo
Ukuhlukanisa umqhele wamaqabunga ophayinaphu kungaba lula. Kudingekile ukuba uhlwithe wonke amaqabunga ngesandla sakho bese uyiphendula ngokucophelela, njengokungathi ungagudluki ibhokisi lebhokisi. Uma konke kusebenza ngendlela efanele, kufanele ube nomqhele wamaqabunga esandleni sakho nge-stem encane ngezansi.
Uma ukhathazekile ukuthi ngeke ukwazi ukwenza konke ngokucophelela, kufanele usebenzise ummese. Umsikazi udinga ukusika umqhele ophezulu we-ananas futhi usike lonke uginta ukuvimbela ukubola.
Ukulungiselela umqhele wokuhluma kwezimpande
Kubalulekile ukususa amaqabunga ambalwa aphansi ngommese ukuveza isiqu, lapho sizokhula khona. Ngemuva kokucubungula amaqabunga nokuhlanza i-trunk, shiya i-chinanasi yethu yesikhathi esizayo ukuze usome izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuvimbela izibazi kanye namaqabunga ekubolekeni emva kokusika izihlahla.
Khona-ke umqhele omisiwe kufanele ubekwe endaweni ebonakalayo ngamanzi ukuze uhlanganise nesiqu esingenalutho sitshalo sethu. Amanzi kufanele abe sezingeni lokushisa. Beka izitsha endaweni ekhanyayo efasiteleni. Kubalulekile ukuqapha ngokucophelela izinga lemanzi, ukushintsha njalo amanzi. Uma kwenziwa kahle, i-chinanisi izogxila emasontweni amathathu kuya kwangu-4.
Ukutshala i-ananas emhlabathini
Ngemuva kokuthi izimpande zikhule ngo-3-4 cm, i-ananas kungenzeka itshalwe emhlabathini. Ukuze uqale ukutshala, kungcono ukusebenzisa ibhodlela elincane elinomgodi wokugeleza kwamanzi, elifanele ngobukhulu kumqhele wethu. Ngaphansi kwesiteji se-pot-3 cm wamanzi, ungasebenzisa ubumba obunwetshiwe.
Kudingekile ukugcwalisa ibhodlela ngezwe eliyingozi, elinomsoco. Emva kokugcwalisa umhlaba, kutuswa ukuba uthele amanzi ashisayo emhlabathini. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungasetha isitshalo sethu. Ukutshala kufanele kube yi-5-6 cm ejulile, emva kokutshala kuhle ukuthulula i-phaphama ngamanzi afudumele. Udinga ukubeka isitshalo endaweni ekhanyayo nefudumele. I-Ananas ihlungwe izinyanga ezingu-2-3.
Kubalulekile! Isibonakaliso esibalulekile sokuthi i-ananas ifunwe - ukuvela kwamaqabunga amasha.
Esikhathini esizayo, amaqabunga yokuqala azobuna futhi afe, kodwa endaweni yawo amahlumela amasha azoqala ukukhula. Amaqabunga amadala adingeka ngokunqunywa ngokucophelela futhi asuswe. Iphayinaphu ekhulile kufanele iphuziswe kanye ngesonto ngamanzi afudumele. Ngemuva konyaka wokukhula, i-ananas iphinda ishintshwe embizeni enkulu.
Usadinga ukubeka ungqimba lwamanzi ngaphansi, manje ungasebenzisa igravel. Umhlabathi kufanele usetshenziswe enhlanganisweni yezingxenye ezimbili ze-peat, ingxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi somfula kanye nezingxenye ezintathu zenhlabathi yemvelo. Ebusika, ukukhula kwephayinaphu kunciphisa, kodwa akufanele ukhathazeke: lapho kuqala isikhathi esifudumele, sizoqala ukukhula kakhulu, kuphela lokhu okudingeka ukondle inhlabathi.
Uyazi? Uma kukhona kungenzeka, ngesikhathi sokutshala okuyinhloko kanye nokwedlula kwe-ananas kungenzeka ibekwe ngaphansi kwephethini ye-polyethylene amasonto angu-2-3 ukudala izimo zesimo sezulu esishisayo nokusinda kwezitshalo kangcono.
Imiyalo Yokunakekelwa Kwinanatha
Ukubuka i-ananas yethu ikhula ekhaya, sibona ukuthi i-ananasin isitshalo se-thermophilic. Kufanele kusetshenziswe amanzi, kodwa amanzi kufanele avinjelwe ukuba ahlasele. Ibuye idinga ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenkathi yenhlabathi.
Ngidinga ukunisela i-ananas?
Inhlabathi ebhodweni ne-ananasini akufanele ime, kodwa amanzi akufanele ahlasele. Ngakho-ke, isitshalo esidala kufanele siphuze amanzi amaningi afudumele kanye ngesonto.
Uma lesi sitshalo sisekuvulekile, amaqabunga ayo kufanele aphethwe: azoswakama umswakama, kanti konke okuyokhipha amanzi. Ngesikhathi sokukhula okukhulayo, ukuphuza i-ananas kungashintshwa: amanzi kabili ngeviki, kodwa ukunciphisa inani lamanzi athululiwe. Kungcono uma amanzi edlula emanzini ngokugcwele futhi egeleza.
Uma kukhona inhlanzi iphunga ebhodweni noma isikhunta ibonakala emhlabathini, kufanele ishintshwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo singase sife.
Kubalulekile! Uhlelo lwempinapple luyisincane kakhulu, ngakho-ke ibhodlela le-3-4-litre lanele ngokwanda komuntu omdala.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwesitshalo esiyingqayizivele
Phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo, i-phaphapple idinga ukudliwa kabili ngenyanga. Umanyolo omuhle uzoba humus wenkomo evamile. Ungenza futhi isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi semifino yamaminerali, esithengiswa ezitolo zezitshalo, kodwa umthamo kufanele unciphise ngesigamu, uma uqhathaniswa nezinye izitshalo.
Kubuye kudingekile ukuba uphese lesi sitshalo kanye ngenyanga ngesisombululo se-0.01% se-sulfate esinefriji. Ama-fertilizer alkali, i-lime kanye ne-ash ash ayinconywa nge-ananas.
Imfihlakalo yokuphumelela kwezimbali zephayinaphu
Endalweni yemvelo, ukuze i-ananas ikhule, kuzothatha izinyanga ezingu-26. Ekhaya, isikhathi sokuqhakaza singahlukahluka ngezindlela ezihlukile. Uma izinyanga ezingu-16 sezidlulile, kanti ukuphakama kwesitshalo kuzoba ngaphezu kuka-20 cm, ungathembela ekuqaleni kwezimbali. I-Ananas ihluma ngokusho kwencazelo elandelayo.
Esiqongweni se-trunk, ihlumela liqala ukwakha, kancane kancane likhuphukela phezulu esitsheni esakhula kusuka esitsheni. Izinyanga ezimbalwa ziqala ukukhazimula futhi zigcina ngamaviki amabili. Izimbali zinemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Imbali eyodwa ivula usuku olulodwa nje. Ngemva kokuqhakaza, imbali yokugcina iqala isikhathi sokuthuthukiswa komntwana.
Isikhathi sokuvuthwa sisukela ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kwezingu-7, konke kuxhomeke ezimweni ezikhulayo nezinhlobo ze-ananas. 
Kungenzeka ukuthi i-ananas ifike ngesikhathi esifanele futhi iqhubekile ngendlela evamile, kodwa ayiqhakazi; Kulesi simo, ukuqala kwezimbali kungavuselelwa. Isixazululo samanzi se-ethylene sizobhekana kahle nalo msebenzi.
Ukuze uzilungiselele, udinga ukuthatha amathisipuni angu-1-2 we-calcium carbide uphinde uthele ama-0.5 amalitha amanzi. Ukuze ulondoloze lesi sixazululo emkhunjini ovaliwe, uthele, uhlunga kusuka emhlabathini. Lesi sinkinga kufanele senziwe ngo-50-55 ml ngesonto engxenyeni engenhla yamaqabunga esitshalo. Ngemva kokugqugquzela okunjalo, i-ananas kufanele inikeze ihlumela emavikini angu-4-6. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, kusho ukuthi akakakhuli noma ugula.
Uyazi? I-Ananas is isitshalo se-herbaceous, ngakho-ke ngemuva kokulimala kuyofa. Kodwa shiya ngemuva kwamahlumela ambalwa ahlangene angasetshenziselwa ukulima okunye.
Indlela yokubhekana nezinambuzane nezifo ze-ananas
Iphayinaphu ekhulayo njengesitshalo sezindlu, kufanele silungiselele ukuthi, njengezinye izitshalo, ingahlaselwa yizinambuzane. Futhi, ngokugcinwa okungaphelele kwemithetho yokunakekelwa kwe-ananas, lesi sitshalo singaba nezinkinga ezithile.
Uma amaqabunga eqala ukuma, kusho ukuthi isitshalo sisendaweni eshisayo noma eshisa kakhulu. Kufanele ifakwe ngamanzi futhi ihlelwe kabusha endaweni epholile. Uma amaqabunga eqala ukubola futhi aphule - isitshalo kufanele sibekwe endaweni elula.
Uma isitshalo sesitshalo - kuyadingeka ukuthukuthelisa nokusiyeka kuze kube yilapho isitshalo sifika esimweni sayo esivamile.
Izinambuzane ezinjalo zingahlasela i-ananas:
- Shchitovka. Lithinta amaqabunga esihlahla, angasuswa nge-swab yekotini emanzi e-alcohol ethyl. Futhi, lesi sitshalo kufanele siphathwe nge-insecticide, esingathengwa ezitolo zensimu.
- I-Mealy imbungu. Ihlanganisa amaqabunga ngefilimu eqhubekayo. Ungasusa ngokuhlanza amaqabunga ngesipho namanzi, bese ukwelapha nge-emulsion yaseKarbofos.
- Isimpande. Ithinta uhlelo lwempande. Uma kutholakala, kufanelekile ukuyeka ukuphuza nokuphatha umhlabathi ngamalungiselelo ezinambuzane.
- Isibungu se-spider. Ufake amawebhu amancane emaqabunga, kufanele asuswe ngamanzi asosi, ahambelana namanzi athambile futhi aphathwe nge-insecticide elula.
- I-orchid aphid. I-insecte encane ehlala emaqabungeni aphezulu esitshalo futhi idla ijusi layo. Ukuthola ama-aphid, isitshalo kumele sithathwe "i-Aktellikom."
- I-Honeydew. Lena i-plaque enamathele eyenziwe yizinambuzane ezinambuzane. Uma itholakala, amaqabunga kufanele ahlanzwe ngamanzi asozini.
- Izifo ze-fungal. Amafungi akhiwa ngokufaka umquba nge nitrogen. Uma kwenzeka, isitshalo kumele siphathwe nge-fungicide.
Indlela yokusakaza i-ananasini
I-Ananas ingasakazwa ngosizo lwamahlumela endodakazi, okwakhiwa ngemva kokuthola i-phaphapple fruiting. Ngokwesilinganiso, isitshalo esisodwa sikhiqiza amahlumela amahlanu. Amahlumela engane kufanele ahlukaniswe nengxenye eyinhloko ngomese. Kumele bafinyelele ukuphakama kuka-15-20 cm futhi babe nezimpande zabo.
Uma ukuguqulwa kwendodakazi ukufakelwa, kufanelekile ukusebenzisa izimbiza ezinamandla ukuze ugcine izimpande zikhule ngokuqinile. I-trunk, ekugcineni lapho izimpande zitholakala khona, idonswa phansi kuze kube yi-1 cm ejulile.
Kubalulekile! Kuphi ukufakelwa kwe-ananas, akukahle neze kunconywa ukubhubhisa i-clock earthy ngezimpande. Ukutshala izitshalo kwenziwa kuphela nge-transshipment.
