Uhlelo lwempande olubuthakathaka lwepelepele alubekezelelanga ukukhipha nokufakelwa kabusha.
Ukuze ungalimazi izitshalo ezincane, kungcono ukukhula kuzo izimbiza.
Lezi zingaba yiziqukathi ezihamba emhlabathini ngezitshalo, noma izimbiza eziphambili ze-ceramic neziplastiki zokukhula ekhaya.
Indlela yokutshala i-pepper yezithombo ezinhlakeni ze-peat?
Ukulima ekhaya, izinhlobo ezifanele kanye nenhlawulo ye-pepper elimnandiekwakheni ama-compact, hhayi amahlathi amakhulu (kusuka ku-40 kuya ku-70 cm). Ama-pepper anjalo angaba omncane nezinkulu-fruited. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinezitshalo ezincane ezinama-thick walingeka zibukeka ngokukhethekile.
Esiteji sokuvuthwa komzimba ziba zibomvu ezikhanyayo ezibomvu, eziphuzi, eziluhlaza, ezibomvu noma ezibomvu. Ukuze kuhlwanyelwe izithombo ze-pepper ku-peat izimbiza, amafomu amancane afaka amahlumela ngokuphakama kwama-10-30 cm aphelele.
Izithombo zePepper zingahlwanyelwa ezitsheni, kodwa Izimbiza zomuntu ngamunye zilula kakhulu. Izitshalo ezikhulayo zithuthelwa emhlabathini noma ezitsheni zokushisa ngqo kulesisitsha se-peat. Izimpande azilimazi, isitshalo esishiywa phansi asihlali isikhathi sokukhula futhi sakha i-ovary ngokushesha.
Phakathi kwezinzuzo ezengeziwe zezimbiza:
- ukutholakala;
- ukuphefumula emoyeni, ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa okuvamile kwezitshalo;
- izinhlobonhlobo zobukhulu.
Ukutshala isikhathi sezithombo kuxhomeke ezihlukahlukene. Ama-pepper avuthiwe asele emhlabathini eneminyaka engu-65 ubudala, ukuvuthwa kwekwephuzile kukhula kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-75.
Kuphi izimbiza ezitshala izihlahla zezitshalo? Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kufanelekile isilinganiso sembiza yamanzi. Zigcwele inhlabathi evumayo yezingxenye ezilinganayo zenhlabathi engadini kanye nomquba omdala. Ukuze uthole okunomsoco omkhulu, i-superphosphate ne-ash ash ingafakwa kwi-substrate. Inhlabathi ixutshwe ngokugcwele futhi iphihliwe kancane.
Imbewu elandelwe ngaphambili efakwe kwisitsha ngasinye ngokujula kwe-1.5 cm. Ukufika komhlaba kungasetshenziswa ngamanzi afudumele kusuka ebhodleleni le-spray, emva kwalokho izinkomishi zifakwe ngokuqinile emgodini omude. Ngakho-ke ukuthi bangaphumeleli, ungasebenzisa i-pallet ekhethekile ngezihluthulelo zamabhodlela.
Kungenzeka yini ukuba udilize i-pepper amabili embizeni eyodwa? Yebo, kungcono nakakhulu. Lapho kuvela amahlumela, ungakwazi ukususa obuthakathaka, futhi ushiye oqinile ukulima okuqhubekayo. Le ndlela isisiza ukugwema ukukhethwa okubuhlungu, lesi sitshalo sisebenzisa yonke umjikelezo wesithombo embizeni.
Ukusheshisa ukuhluma izimbiza zingahlanganiswa ngilazi noma indwangu ebomvu. Ngemuva kokuvela kwezitshalo wanisela ngamanzi afudumele distilled 1 isikhathi ezinsukwini ezingu-5. Kubalulekile ukungagcwalisi izithombo ezincane, izimbiza kufanele zigcine ukuma kwazo, zingagcini.
Ukushisa okuhle kokuhluma - 26-28 degreesEmva kokuvela kwamahlumela, izinga lokushisa liyancishiswa ngama-4-5 degrees. Ukuze intuthuko ephumelele, i-pepper encane ibonakale ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo, ngenkathi ebandayo kunconywa ukukhanyisa izitshalo ngezibani zikagesi.
Izithombo ezivotshweyo zifakelwa lapho zizokwenza nini? Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-2.5-3, i-pepper encane ilungele ukufakelwa. Zingasuswa ku-greenhouse, emhlabathini ovulekile noma zifakwe embizeni enkulu yokukhula ekhaya.
Izimbiza zekhaya nezengadini: yini ongayikhetha?
Izinhlobonhlobo zezimbiza nezimbiza - inketho enkulu yokubeka izipelepele. Izimila zingafakwa kwi-loggia noma i-veranda, noma zilethwe engadini.
Ngokuncelisa njalo nokuphuza ngokucophelela, i-adult fruiting pepper izozizwa ikhululekile.
Inketho enkulu kunawo wonke - amapulasitiki epulasitiki. Ayisabizi, kulula ukugeza, ukudayiswa kukhona imikhiqizo emibala ehlukahlukene kanye nemiqulu eminingi. Ngomunye umthamo ohlangene wevolumu okwanele ama-5 amalitha. Ungatshala izitshalo ezimbili noma ezintathu kumabhodwe amakhulu.
I-pepper encane yokuhlobisa ingahlwanyelwa ezinkalweni ezincane ezifika ku-3 amalitha. Ukuma kwezimbiza kungaba yimuphi: isilinda, nxazonke noma isikwele. Abanye balimi basebenzisa izitsha ezifanele njengeziqukathi, isibonelo, izimbiza, izimbiza ezijulile noma amabhakede.
Uma ukhetha umthamo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula: encane ebhodweni, ngokushesha inhlabathi iyoma. Izitshalo ezindizeni ezincane kufanele ziphuze kaningi. Ukulima ekhaya, kufanelekile ukukhetha iziqukathi ngembobo kanye netayiti ejulile yokugeleza kwamanzi. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukugwema umswakama omile emhlabathini, okuyinto le pepper engayithandi.
Imithetho ekhulayo
Indlela yokutshala i-pepper kwizithombo ezinhlakeni ze-peat? Ngaphambi kokudluliswa izimbiza ezintsha zihlanjululwe kahle futhi zifakwe kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate. Amachibi asetshenziswe kakade, awukwazi ukugeza, okwanele ukuwakhulula emhlabathini omdala futhi ugcwalise inhlabathi entsha ngesisekelo se-humus. Ngezansi kwamathangi kungenziwa uhlaka lwamanzi: amahlumela noma udaka olwandisiwe. Ezinqolobaneni ezinkulu kakhulu, ingxenye eyodwa kuphela yomhlaba ingashintshwa.
Akukhuthazwa ukutshala izithombo ezincane emhlabathini lapho i-pepper isivele ikhula khona.
Ungagcwalisi izimbiza ngezinhlabathi ezithengiwe. Itkethe cishe ngokuphelele peat, abampofu izakhi kanye namanzi okungagcini. Uma kunesidingo, i-substrate eqediwe ingaxubaniswa ne-turf nenhlabathi yasensimu. Engeza i-superphosphate encane noma umlotha phansi.. Abanye balimi bathululela futhi bachitha amalahle.
Umgodi ugujwa enhlabathini ehambelana nobukhulu bebhodlela le-peat. Ihambisa isitshalo futhi ifafazwe ngomhlaba.
Emaphethelweni e-tank peat akufanele aphakame ngaphezu komhlaba. Ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha, i-pepper ithululelwa ngamanzi afudumele.. Ezinsukwini zokuqala zezitshalo ezifakelwe kabusha i-pritenyat engcono kusukela ilangeni elikhanyayo.
Inzuzo enkulu yezimbiza ukuhamba. Zingalungiswa noma kuphi endaweni yokuvota, i-veranda noma ingadi. Ezinsukwini ezishisayo ikakhulukazi, i-pepper ishintshwe emthunzini owodwa, kodwa izitshalo kufanele zisetshenziswe kakhulu emini elangeni. Pepper ukukhanya kakhulu-okudingayo, ngokuntuleka kokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, bayolula, amaqabunga ama-curl angenalutho, futhi izithelo aziboshiwe.
Kubalulekile ukuqapha izinga lokushisa. Ngezinsuku ezifudumele udinga ukuvula amafasitela noma ukubeka izitshalo emoyeni. Lapho kuqala iqhwa, i-pepper ingeniswa endlini noma ku-veranda elineqhwa. Ama-pepper e-cold akuthandi ukubola ngaphansi kwama-degree angu-15Ukushisa okungcono kakhulu kuzo ama-20-25 degrees emini kanye no-18-20 degrees ebusuku.
Pepper like umswakama futhi udinga ukuchelela okunamanzi ngamanzi azinzile ukushisa ekamelweni. Akunconywa ukuwashalisa izihlahla ngaphansi kwempande, indlela engcono kakhulu yokunisela umhlaba embizeni yokuchelela okuhle. Ukuxubha nge-humus, sawdust noma i-walnut husks kuzosiza ukulondoloza umswakama emhlabathini.
Okufanele ukondle umquba. Inhlabathi ebhodweni iphela ngokushesha ukuze fruiting evamile idinga inhlabathi eyondla kakhulu. Njalo ngenyanga, izitshalo ziphuziswa ngekhambi elimnandi lamakhomikhali anzima. I-Pepper ithanda izinkimbinkimbi eziqukethe i-nitrogen, kodwa azikwazi ukuhlukumeza ukuze zingasheshi izimbali.
Izihlahla ezikhulile zidinga ukwesekwa. Umgogodla wokubopha ungcono kakhulu uma ufakwa esitsheni uma usuthela isitshalo esincane. Ukugxila ukwesekwa emhlabathini kamuva kungalimaza izimpande.
I-Pepper ezimbizeni ezifakwe efulethini noma ebhalini ingase ihlupheke izilokazane: ama-aphid, izibungu zesicabucabu. Isizathu somoya omile kakhulu, ukwanda kwezitshalo, ukuphuza okwanele.
Ukuze ukuvimbela izimbiza kufanele kufakwe kude kusuka komunye nomunye. Izimila kufanele zihlwithwe ngamanzi afudumele.
Ukwehla kwamanzi okuhlelwa kwamanzi okutholakala ezitolo zokudlela kuzosiza ukuqeda izinambuzane ezivela. Ukushintshwa okuphumelelayo - ukugcoba i-anyanisi ikhasi, ikhalenda noma i-yarrow. Ukufafaza kwenziwa kuze kuphele ukuqedwa kwama-parasites. Ama-bio-amalungiselelo awawona onobuthi futhi aphephile izitshalo ezithela izithelo.
Ekhaya, i-pepper ingazala izithelo ngaphambi kobusika. Izithelo zinqunywa ngommese obukhali esigabeni sokuvuthwa kwezobuchwepheshe noma ngokomzimba. Ukuphuza okuningi, ukukhanya okukhanyayo nokugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kugcinwe kuyo yonke inkathi ye-fruiting. Uma i-ovary iphelile ukwakha, isitshalo singathatha umhlalaphansi.
I-pepper e-Potted iyindlela ehlukile yokugcina izithombo zokugcina ezibizayo. Isivuno sezitshalo ezinjalo siphakeme kunezo ezikhula emhlabathini ovulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuqukethwe okubhaliwe kwandisa isikhathi se-fruiting futhi kuyabizi kakhulu ukulondoloza. Ngemva kokuzama ukulima okunjalo, abalimi abaningi bemifino ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bayashintsha ngokuphelele ekutshaleni i-pepper ukuze bakhiphe izithombo ezinhlakeni ze-peat, bekhulule isikhala ezindaweni zokugcina izitshalo zezinye izitshalo.
Izinto eziwusizo
Funda ezinye izihloko ezitshalweni ze-pepper:
- Indlela yokutshala ama-peas amnyama, u-chili, omunyu ekhaya?
- Yini abagqugquzeli bokukhula nokuthi bangayisebenzisa kanjani?
- Izizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani izithombo ziwela futhi zifa.
