Amakhukhamba asetshenziswe kakhulu phakathi kwezifunda ezihlukahlukene. Mhlawumbe, abantu abavilapha kuphela abakhulisi ukhukhamba e-cottage yabo ehlobo.
Imbewu encane nje, etshalwe emhlabathini, futhi uzohlinzeka umndeni wakho ngamakhukhamba okumnandi, amnandi, amnandi, i-summer, ngisho ne-salting!
Isihloko sendaba yanamuhla: ukondla ikhukhamba izithombo ekhaya nasensimini. Phendula imibuzo: indlela yokudla izithombo zekhukhamba efasiteleni nasebusini lokushisa?
Imfanelo yekhukhamba
Abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ikhukhamba ingaba yimifino engenamsebenzi, njengoba kunamanzi amaningi kuyo.
Ngempela, iqukethe amaphesenti angama-95-97 amanzi, kodwa akulula, kodwa "amanzi aphilayo", iqukethe usawoti wamaminerali we-potassium, i-magnesium, i-calcium, i-phosphorus, i-iodine.
Lezi usawoti zisiza inhliziyo, isibindi nezinso ukusebenza. I-liquid kusuka kwamakhukhamba iyimvelo emangalisa kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kwemifino kuzosiza ekuqedeni ubuthi nokugqilaza.
Ikhukhamba - i-monoecious, isitshalo esiphambene nempova. Izinyosi, ama-bumblebees, izimpukane zivotela izimbali zayo. Ukwandisa isivuno esivumelwaneni esisodwa noma emibhedeni yasensimu kudingeka kuhlwanyelwe izinhlobo eziningana.
Kunezinhlobonhlobo zamakhukhamba we-pertenocarpic (self-pollinating); lezi zitshalo azidingi usizo lwezinambuzane ukusetha izithelo.
Imigomo yokuvuthwa
Ngokukhamba ukhukhamba zihlukaniswa ukukhula ekuseni (Izinsuku ezingu-40-55 kusukela ekuhlumeni okugcwele kuya ku-fruiting), phakathi nonyaka (Izinsuku ezingu-55-60) futhi ukuvuthwa kwekwephuzile (Ama- 60-70 izinsuku nangaphezulu) amaqembu.
Izidingo zokukhukhamba ezikhulayo
Amakhukhamba akhula akuwona umsebenzi onzima kakhulu, kodwa le mifino inezidingo ezithile zokunakekelwa. Ukhukhamba thanda ukukhanya, umswakama nokushisaLezi zitshalo zifuna kakhulu izinga lokushisa, zifa ngenxa yesithwathwa.
Izitshalo kufanele zitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile kuphela emva kokuba umoya uqhume kuze kufike ku-15-17 degrees, ekushiseni kwama-degrees angu-15 futhi ngaphansi kokukhula kwekhukhamba kwehla ngokuphawulekayo, futhi ngaphezu kwama-degrees ayishumi.
Okuhle kunazo zonke, amakhukhamba akhula futhi akhule ngesikhathi sokushisa kwe-air okuhlanganisa ama-25 kuya ku-30 degrees kanye nomswakama wesihlobo wamaphesenti angu-70-80.
Izidingo zomhlaba
Ungakhula ukhukhamba kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi, kodwa kungcono ukukhetha inhlabathi evundile, evuthayo, evuthayo nge-acidity neutral. Ukhukhamba awubekezelelisi inhlabathi e-acidi, ngakho-ke i-pH akufanele ibe ngaphansi kuka-6.5.
Abadluli phambili
Ukhukhamba ziyokhula kahle nge anyanisi, iklabishi, utamatisi kanye nemibhede yensimu yamazambane. Ukhukhamba ngeke zikhule emibhedeni, lapho ngonyaka odlule kukhule khona ama-beet, amathanga, i-zucchini noma u-squash.
Izindlela ezikhulayo
Indlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yokukhukhamba ukhukhamba ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo noma ezinye izembozo zefilimu. Esikhathini sokushisa, ukhukhamba zikhula kahle kakhulu enhlabathini zisuka enhlanganisweni ye-sod ne-humus. Izidingo eziyisisekelo - ukuchelela okuningi ngamanzi afudumele, ukushayela, ukudla nokukhulisa, kodwa hhayi ejulile, ngoba izimpande zamakhukhamba zitholakala ngokungazelelwe.
Ukhukhamba uvame ukutshala endle, kepha ngokuphephelwa okuyizibopho ngefilimu noma ezinye izinto zokugqoka ukuze zivikele izitshalo kusukela kusenesikhathi sezulu esibanda.
Ukunisela
Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle samakhukhamba okumnandi angeke ukhohliwe ngokuphuza. Ekuqaleni, emva kokufakelwa kabusha, akukwazi ukuphuziswa kakhulu ukuze izimpande zingaqala ukubola. Amanzi okuchelela kumele afudumele (Ama-22-25 degrees).
Ukuntuleka kwemiswakama ngokushesha kuthinta ukunambitheka kwemifino - ukhukhamba iba yisimungulu. Ukuze uthole isivuno esicebile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlanganisa ukuchelela nokugqoka okweziwe, ukutshala inhlabathi ngemifuno ehlukahlukene.
Umanyolo kanye namanyolo
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyisikhathi esibaluleke kakhulu kwezitshalo, ngoba abalimi abangenalwazi bangasebenzisa umanyolo okudingekayo kulesi sitshalo futhi esikhundleni sokuqoqa ngokucophelela uthola ukhukhamba ngesimo somgqomo noma umcibisholo okhohlakeleyo.
Kuze kube sekutshalwe ukhukhamba, Asikho isidingo sokutshala inhlabathi, njengoba insalela yamaminerali amaminerali ayingozi ezitshalweni. Lapho ulungiselela umbhede wekhukhamba ungenza umquba obolile kuphela.
Yini ekhuliswa ikhukhamba izithombo?
Ukhukhamba thanda ukugqoka okwenziwe nge-organic and mineralKodwa ama-fertilizer amakhemikhali alimaza le mifino. Kuyo yonke inkathi ye-fruiting kufanele ibe nokudla okumbalwa. Ukuphakelayo kukhona impande (isetshenziswe enhlabathini) futhi foliar (indlela yokupuniza).
Ukudla kokuqala kwekhukhamba izithombo kwenziwa nge nitrogen-aqukethe noma umquba umanyolo. Izinsuku ezingu-15 emva kokuduka. Ungafaka umhlabathi nge-organic nitrogen-equkethe umanyolo (mullein, ehlanjululwa ngamanzi izikhathi ezingu-8-10, noma umquba wezinkukhu, izikhathi eziyi-15 ezihlanjululwe).
Isigqoko sesibili sidinga ukwenza Izinsuku ezingu-10-15 emva kokuqala, lapho ukhukhamba ziqala ukuqhakaza. Kungaba ingxube yamagremu angu-20 we-nitrate, i-nitramu ama-30 amagremu ama-ammonium nitrate nama-gramu angu-40 we-superphosphate.
Le nhlanganisela yenzelwe ibhakede eliyishumi-litre. Uma une-superphosphate kuphela eseduze, ungayinciphisa emanzini (2 wezipuni ngamalitha ayi-10) futhi uthele ngamakhukhamba.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwalolu hlobo kunesimo sezulu esifudumele, kuphakanyiswa ukugqoka okwesimeme sezulu kusanda, isibonelo, ukuthulisa umlotha wombhede wekhukhamba ngesilinganiso se-1 inkomishi yomlotha ngehora elilodwa le-square yendawo.
Ukudla okulandelayo kufanele kwenziwe ngezinsuku ezingu-7-10. Ngesikhathi fruiting ukhukhamba zidinga potassium kanye phosphorus, kanye nitrogen nge izingxenye sulfur. Ukunquma ukuthi yisiphi isici esingekho amakhukhamba akho, bheka nje ukuma kwawo.
Indlela yokudla izithombo zekhukhamba ukuze zikhule? Ngokuntuleka kwe-potassium, isivuno siyancipha, ukunikezwa kwemifino kulahlekile, bathatha isimo esibi se-jug ngesisekelo esincane. Uma kungenayo i-nitrogen eyanele emhlabathini, ikhukhamba iyancipha ku-stem futhi ibe mncane kuze kube sekugcineni. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-calcium ezweni lama ukhukhamba, izimbali zomile futhi ama-ovaries afa, ukuzivikela kuyahla, izitshalo ziqala ukuphumula.
Ukugcwalisa inhlabathi nge-calcium, kuyo ingaba i-eggshell echotshoziwe. Amaminerali amaminerali ngesikhathi se-fruiting okunye ukugqoka okuphezulu kusuka ku-urea (ama-gramu angu-50 ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi) kanye ne-potassium nitrate (amabili wezipuni ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi).
Ngokuvamile, abalimi balisebenzisa ukumnika kwamagilebhisi, okuhlanganisa izinambuzane, ama-dandelions nezinye ukhula, njengama-fertilizer. Utshani luthululelwa ngamanzi futhi lufakwe elangeni phakathi nesonto, ukuchelela kwenziwa ngezinga le-1: 5.
Indlela yokudla izithombo zekhukhamba ekhaya? Muva nje, ukuthandwa okukhulu sekutholile ukutshala umsoco wesinkwa noma isinkwa somuncu, le ndlela isetshenziswa ngempumelelo ngabalimi abaningi. Ukugqoka imifino yokugqoka imifino kumele kuhlanganiswe ne-foliar, okungukuthi, ngokuphathwa kwezitshalo nomxazululo womanyolo.
Ukudla okunomsoco we-ukhukhamba ngamaminerali aqukethe i-nitrogen, kuvuselela izitshalo, kuvimbela ukuphuza kwamaqabunga, kuthuthukisa umzimba kanye ne-photosynthesis.
Uma inani elincane lama-ovari lisiza kahle ukugqoka u-honey phezulu. Ukwenza lokhu, amapuni we-2 weju ujulela ku-1 litre lamanzi. Izimila ezifakwe kulesisombululo ziheha izinyosi, inani labo lama-ovari liyakhula, futhi isivuno sabo sanda.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ukucubungula kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela, kanye nomanyolo wezinkamba zekhukhamba ekhaya, ukhukhamba etafuleni uzokujabulela sonke isikhathi.
Sithemba ukuthi izeluleko zethu nezincomo zizokusiza ukhule isivuno esihle semifino!
Izinto eziwusizo
Hlola ezinye eziwusizo ikhukhamba izithombo izihloko:
- Indlela yokukhula efasiteleni, ibhaluni ngisho nasendlini engaphansi?
- Amathiphu okukhula ezigulini ezihlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ezimbizeni zepiat kanye namaphilisi.
- Thola izinsuku zokutshala ngokuya esifundeni.
- Izizathu zokuthi kungani izithombo zikhishwa futhi yiziphi izifo ezithintekayo?
- Zonke izimfihlo zokulungiselela imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala nokuqoqa amahlumela amancane.
