Imifinoikhuliswe endaweni yokushisa hlukile unciphise isikhathi sokukhula futhi isivuno esikhulu . Ngaphandle, izitshalo azithinteka kakhulu izinambuzane, uma zifisa, inqubo ukukhula kungenziwa ingakhathazeki, ukuqoqa izithelo ezintsha unyaka wonke.
Ukuze uphumelele, kubalulekile ukukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele nezinhlobonhlobo zemifino, ukuqapha ukuchelela kanye nekhwalithi yomhlabathi.
Izici zokugcina izithombo
Ukutshala imifino sebenzisa izinhlobo ezimbili zokuhlala:
- Zokugcina izithombo zasehlobo ngaphandle kohlelo lokushisa. Ukukhula isikhathi eside kuze kube sekwindla, kufanelekile ukukhula izinhlobo ezahlukene zemifino nezithombo. Kuhle kakhulu ezindaweni ezifudumele.
- Izindlu zokugcina izitshalo ezifudumele ezifudumele. Yenzelwe ukutshala noma yikuphi imifino, kuhlanganise nokushisa kakhulu. Nikeza ithuba lokuthola izivuno ezimbalwa ngonyaka.
Izithombo zokugcina zokutshala imifino kufanele zivuleke ngokwanele futhi ziphakeme. Ukungena okungenakwenzeka emhlabathini ngamamitha ayi-0.5. Izindlu zokugcina izithombo zenyaka zakhiwa ngesisekelo esiqinisekisiwe se-cinder blocks noma imithi. Ekhululekile kakhulu izakhiwo zinefolda yensimbi ehlanganisiwe nge-zinc zokugqoka. Isibuko esiphezulu noma ifilimu eqinisekisiwe isetshenziswe njengento yokuhlanganisa.
Izithombo zokugcina ezishibhile kunazo zonke ezimbozwe amashidi e-polycarbonate. Yiziphi izici zemifino ekhulayo ku-greenhouse polycarbonate?
Izitshalo zokugcina izitshalo kufanele zithole umoya wezingcingo zokuvuthwa kanye nezicabha ezimbili ezivikela izitshalo emoyeni obandayo. Ukukhanyisa okuhle okudingekayo, isifiso esihle kakhulu sokuphuza okuzenzakalelayo.
Ukushisa izakhiwo zokugcina izithombo usebenzisa ama-boilers kagesi, ama-heaters, izinkuni zezinkuni ngisho nemililo. Ukuzikhethela kokushisa indlela kuncike kwisimo sezulu, isikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwesibamba sokushisa kanye nomthamo wezimali womnikazi.
Ukukhethwa kwemifino
Ngaphandle, ungakhula izitshalo zemifino. Okuthandwayo kunikwa imifino yokuqala. ngenkathi yokukhula esifushane. Ukutshala izinhlobo ezinjalo kwenza kube lula ukuthola isivuno sokuqala. Ezindaweni zokugcina zokushisa ezinyakazayo, izinhlobo zokuvuthwa ngasekupheleni kwesikhathi kanye nokunambitheka okuthakazelisayo kanye nekhwalithi yokugcina okuhle nakho kungakhula.
Imiphumela emihle etholakala ngokutshala emhlabathini, kodwa amanye amasiko angafakwa emashalofini. Ubuchwepheshe be-Hydroponic abukhuthazwa.bayanciphisa izindleko, kodwa badonsa kakhulu ukunambitheka kwesithelo.
Phakathi kwezilimo ezithandwa kakhulu zokushisa:
- Utamatisi. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezitshalwa ngokukhethekile ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo. Bathanda inhlabathi evundile yokunambitheka, ukuchelela okulinganiselayo nokugeleza okuqhubekayo komoya omusha ngaphandle kokuswakama ngokweqile. Ama-phosphate kanye nama-potash umquba uyosiza ukwandisa isivuno; akunconywa ukuhlukumeza i-nitrogen. Phendula kahle ezakhiweni eziphilayo.
- Ukhukhamba. Isiko kakhulu se-thermophilic, hhayi ukuthanda izinguquko zokushisa ngokuzumayo. Imifino idinga ukuchelela okuningi, ukukhanyisa okukhanyayo kanye nomswakama ophezulu. Kudinga ukondla okunezinto eziphilayo, okungcono kakhulu kunamafutha amaningi ezinkukhu. Lapho ukuthutha izitshalo zokudlulisela izithelo zikwazi ukuthela izithelo unyaka wonke.
- Okumnandi kanye nophisipele oshisayo. I-Pepper ithanda inhlabathi enomsoco, elula futhi evulekile, ungabeki ukubekezelela amanzi aphelile. Khetha ukwedlula okunye okufakelwa ngamaminerali nezindleko eziphilayo. Pepper enhle futhi enomuncu ayikwazi ukutshala eduze kwayo, kungenzeka ukuba impova futhi ishintshe ukunambitheka kwesithelo.
- Zucchini, i-zucchini, u-squash. Amasiko ahlukumezayo kakhulu. Emhlabathini evaliwe zidinga izinhlobo ezingafaki imivimbo emide. Bathanda umhlabathi wokungathathi hlangothi noma umhlabathi omncane, umswakama olinganiselayo futhi hhayi ukushisa okukhulu kakhulu.
- Isitshalo seqanda. Khetha umoya omile ngokwemvelo nomhlabathi onomsoco. Basabela kahle kumanyolo ane-azrogen aqukethe umlotha. Ukuze uthole isivuno esikhulu, kunconywa ukuba wengeze isixazululo esibuthakathaka se-mullein ngokuchelela ngayinye.
- Leaf kanye iklabishi ulethisi. Ihluke ekukhuleni okusheshayo, okuhlangene ngokuphelele nanoma imiphi imifino yemifino. Uthanda inhlabathi engavumelekile yomhlabathi, ukukhanya okukhanyayo nokuchelela okuningi.
- Isithombo Isitshalo sokuvuthwa esisheshayo esidinga umswakama ophezulu nenhlabathi elula. Uthanda ukukhanya okukhulu, kodwa ubekezelela i-penumbra.
- Iklabishi yokuqala emhlophe, i-broccoli. Ukungahambisani nokubunjwa kwenhlabathi, ukubekezelela ngokuthula ukunciphisa kancane kwezinga lokushisa. Ukukhanyisa okukhanyayo nokunisela okunamandla kuyadingeka, kanye nokuhlaziywa okuvamile kwe-greenhouse. Imifino enjalo ebusweni lokushisa ingaqedwa emva kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5 emva kokufakelwa kabusha.
- Ukholifulawa. Izimo ezidinga kakhulu zokuboshwa. Ikhetha umswakama ophezulu nokushisa okulinganiselayo, ekushiseni ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhanda kunciphisa. Kudinga inhlabathi evulekile kanye nokudla okuningi ngokunye okufakelwa ngamaminerali kanye namanyolo eziphilayo.
- Ukuhlunga kanye namakhambi (cilantro, basil, njll). Ukukhula okusheshayo kwezitshalo ezifanele ukutshala ukuhlanganiswa. Bathande inhlabathi engavumelekile yomhlabathi kanye nokuchelela okuningi. Izinhlobo zokuqala (amanzi okucwilisa amanzi, isinaphi lwesinaphi) zingadliwa izinsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuhlwanyela.
Uma ufuna ukuzibandakanya ebhizinisini lokutshala utamatisi ku-greenhouse, ungazijwayeza ngalolu lwazi kuwebhusayithi yethu.
Futhi funda kwi-website yethu ukuthi ungakha kanjani ukhukhamba we-lash, yiziphi izifo ezithintekayo nokuthi yini engcono ukutshala ku-greenhouse.
Mayelana nokutshala izithombo, ukwakheka kwezitshalo kanye nokuthi yiziphi izitshalo zensimu i-pepper e-greenhouse iyahambisana, thola ku-website.
Ngisiphi isitshalo esingatshala isitshalo seqanda, bheka lapha.
Izitshalo zomsuka zivame kakhulu ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo: izinyosi, izaqathe, i-turnips, i-turnips. Lezi zitshalo azidingi indawo yokuhlala, isivuno esihle kakhulu singasithola ensimini.
Amathebula ayingqayizivele yedatha yomkhiqizo wemifino ekushiseni okushisa:
Izithombo zokulima ubusika
Amanye amasiko ahlwanyela ngqo ku-greenhouse, kodwa ngokuvamile kuvame ukutshala izithombo.
Isibonelo, izithombo zezitshalo zeqanda ayikwazi ukuhlwanyelwa ezimbizeni ze-peat, izimpande ezitshalile zezitshalo azikwazi ukungena emhlabathini. Ukhukhamba kanye ne-pepper akuthandi ukumba, zihlwanyelwa kangcono kuma-cassette ahlukene noma zifakwe kabusha ngokudluliselwa.
Ukuze uthole izithombo ezinempilo futhi ezinamandla, imbewu kudingeka ihlelwe futhi ifakwe kumgqugquzeli wokukhula. Ngemva kwalokho wageza futhi wabekwa emanzini amanzi for naklevyvaniya. Lapho utshala kubalulekile ukuqapha izinga lokungena, ngokuvamile akudluli 1-2 cm.
Amabhokisi noma iziqukathi ezinezimbiza ezimbozwe ngilazi futhi zivezwe ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo. Ukushisa okukhulu kokuhluma kuncike ekuvuneni. Isibonelo, ama-eggplant namatamatisi badinga ukushisa okulinganiselayo, kanye ukhukhamba kanye nepelepele Kudinga izinga lokushisa elingaphansi kwama-25 ° C.
Izithombo ezikhulelwe emva kokubunjwa kwezingu-3 zalezi zashici. Kungcono ukusebenzisa i-organic ehlanjululwe noma i-superphosphate.
Lapho izithombo zikhula, zidinga amakhekhe.
Utamatisi kanye ne-pepper zidinga ukuncibilika.kushukumisa ukubekwa kwezinso.
Ukukhethwa komhlabathi kanye nomanyolo
Inhlabathi ebamba ukushisa kufanele ibe neqhamuka kakhulu futhi ikhululekile. Imifino eminingi ikhetha inhlabathi encane noma engathathi hlangothi. Ukwakhiwa okuhle kungumxube wenhlabathi endala, i-peat noma i-humus nesihlabathi somfula. Uma utshala izithombo emthonjeni ngamunye ungafaka i-hydrogel encane, kuyasiza ikakhulukazi izitshalo ezithandwa ngumswakama: ukhukhamba, pepper kanye neklabishi.
Ukukhethwa komanyolo kuncike kuhlobo lwemifino. Ngokwesibonelo, utamatisi abathanda kakhulu i-phosphorus, kodwa ayithandi kabi ngokuchichima kwe-nitrogen edingwa ama-eggplant. Ukhukhamba ukhetha izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinto eziphilayo, kusukela ku-mullein kuya kumanyolo wezinkukhu ohlukanisile.
Umanyolo womhlaba wonke yi-superphosphate, i-potash complexes nomlotha. Zingasetshenziswa enhlabathini ngaphambi kokutshala imifino ku-greenhouse.
Ubuqili bokunakekelwa
Indlela yokutshala imifino endaweni yokushisa yama polycarbonate? Ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko umnikazi wokushisa abamba ukushisa - ukuqinisekisa izinga elifanele lomswakama kanye ukugcina izinga lokushisa okukhulu. Ikakhulukazi i-thermophilic ibhekwa njengama-ukhukhamba kanye ne-pepper, kodwa utamatisi nama-eggplant badinga ukungena okuqhubekayo komoya omusha. Ehlobo, ngokuvamile udinga ukuvula iminyango namafasitela we-abamba ukushisa, ekukhulekeleni okubandayo ngaphandle.
Iyini ubuchwepheshe bokutshala imifino ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ebusika? Ebusika, izitshalo zithinteka kakhulu emoyeni owomile. Ukuxazulula inkinga kuzosiza ukuphuza njalo, amapulazi kanye nokushisa ngamanzi ngamanzi. Endaweni yokushisa ungaba khona ukubeka amathangi amanzi avulekile. Amathangi ane-mullein ehlanjululwe, efakwe ku-abamba ukushisa for utamatisi, hhayi nje ukuqinisekisa umswakama ophelele, kodwa futhi ukusheshisa ukuvuthwa kwezithelo.
Umhlabathi ngaphansi kwezitshalo kudingeka ukhulule njalo, ususe ukhula. Ukunciphisa umzimba kusiza ukunakekela ukunakekelwa hay, sawdust, husk of imbewu sunflower noma humus.
I-mulch igcina umswakama enhlabathini futhi ivikela izilokazane. Ungakwazi ukulwa nama-aphid ngokupompa okuvamile ngamanzi noma ukunciphisa ama-herbs, izinambuzane zizosiza ezimweni ezimbi.
Ukutshala imifino esitheni sokushisa - akunzima kakhuluokudinga ukulalela nokukhetha okuhle kwezinhlobonhlobo. Imizamo yomlimi wezolimo izothola isivuno esihle kakhulu lapho kuvuna imifino ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo.
Ukushisa imifino yokushisa kungaba ukuqala kwebhizinisi elithembisayo, ngoba izithelo zokuqala eziphezulu zifunwa kakhulu ngabathengi.
Amathiphu awusizo kule vidiyo, indlela yokutshala imifino ekushiseni okushisa:
